Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern in Diabetic Ulcer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Mita Rahma Yani ◽  
Dewi Indah Noviana Pratiwi ◽  
Rahmiati Rahmiati ◽  
Noor Muthmainah ◽  
Alfi Yasmina
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Diabetic Ulcer ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Diabetic ulcers are a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus and have a high risk of infection. Severe ulcer infectionsare a significant cause of lower-extremity amputations in addition to trauma. Therefore, therapy for diabetic ulcer infectionsmust be performed immediately. This study aimed to determine the bacterial susceptibility pattern to the antibiotic indiabetic ulcer patients. This study was retrospective observational descriptive by taking the results of swab culture andantibiotic susceptibility patterns data in diabetic ulcer patients at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, in 2016-2018. Theresults showed 41 (62.1%) monomicrobial infections and 25 (37.9%) polymicrobial infections. The number of Gram-negativebacilli (57.4%) was higher than Gram-positive cocci (42.6%). The most common bacterial isolates on pus culture wereStaphylococcus aureus (26.6%), Klebsiella pneumonia (19.1%), and Escherichia coli (12.8%). Antibiotic susceptibility testresults showed that Gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to Tigecycline (100%), Nitrofurantoin (96.9%), and Linezolid(96.8%). Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to Ertapenem (92.7%), Meropenem, and Amikacin (90.6%). S.aureusisolates were sensitive 100% to Meropenem and Tigecycline. K.peneumoniae and E.coli isolates were susceptible 100% toMeropenem and Amikacin. It was concluded in this study that the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria in diabetic ulcerinfection was higher than Gram-positive bacteria. The most common isolated Gram-negative bacteria were K.pneumoniaeand E.coli, while the most common Gram-positive bacteria were S.aureus. The most sensitive antibiotics for K.pneumoniaeand E.coli were Meropenem and Amikacin, while the most sensitive antibiotics for S.aureus were Linezolid and Tigecycline.

scholarly journals Bacterial Profile and Antibiogram of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Patients in ICU of Raden Mattaher Hospital Jambi

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotianingsih Sotianingsih ◽  
Samsirun H. ◽  
Lipinwati Lipinwati
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Pneumonia is defined as an inflammation of the lungs caused by microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites). This research aimed to determine the pneumonia-causing bacteria along with the sensitivity and the antibiotic resistance test. This research was a descriptive study with samples of ICU pneumonia patients at Raden Mattaher Regional Hospital during the study period. All samples were consecutively selected. Samples for blood culture were incubated in the BactAlert device, whereas the sensitivity test was then performed using Vitex instruments. Sputum was previously enriched with BHI media and then cultured on culture media, and sensitivity test with the Vitex instruments was carried out. Of the 354 ICU patients during the study period, 30 patients (11.8%) had pneumonia, but only 19 patients could undergo sputum culture. Five of 19 patients were infected with Gram-positive bacteria, and 14 patients were infected with Gram-negative bacteria. The most commonly found bacteria were Klebsiella pneumonia (36.84%), followed by Acinetobacter baumanii (21.05%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.53%). Gram-negative bacteria obtained from sputum culture in this study were resistant to almost all antibiotic groups, especially penicillin, cephalosporin, quinolone, and tetracycline groups. Gram-positive bacteria obtained from sputum culture in this study were resistant to the penicillin antibiotic. The most commonly found bacteria were Klebsiella pneumonia (36.84%), followed by Acinetobacter baumanii (21.05%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.53%). The bacteria cultured from the sputum showed multidrug resistance mainly to the penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotic. This research data can be used to consider the treatment of pneumonia patients to decide more appropriate therapy.

scholarly journals Bacteriological Profile, Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Predictors of bacteremia among Children with Bloodstream Infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samina Nazir Chaki ◽  
Levina Msuya ◽  
Deborah Mchaile ◽  
Michael Johnson Mahande ◽  
Ronald Mwitalemi Mbwasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative

Abstract Background: Bloodstream infections are major causes of morbidity and mortality among children in Sub-Saharan countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of bacteremia, etiological agents’ antibiotic susceptibility pattern and predictors of bacteremia among children with bloodstream Infection.Methodology: This hospital-based cross-section study involved children aged two months to thirteen years. All children meeting the inclusion criteria during the study period were enrolled. All consenting parents were interviewed via a questionnaire to collect data, followed by a thorough physical assessment and venipuncture was done to collect blood samples. Data were analysed using SPSS version 23.Results: Among 242 study participants, 154(63.6%) were male and blood cultures were positive in 37(15.3%). Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria constituted 32(80%) and 8(20%), respectively. The frequent pathogen found was Staphylococcus aureus 25(62.5%), followed by Enterococcus spp. 4(10%), Escherichia coli 4(10%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3(7.5%), Streptococcus pyogenes 3(7.5%) and 1(2.5%) Klebsiella pneumonia. The majority of bacterial isolates showed high resistance to commonly used antibiotics in the study area. Predictors of bacteremia were severe malnutrition, hydrocephalus, hyperglycemia, lethargy and BSI with no foci of infection. Conclusion: Prevalence of bacteremia was 15.3%. Gram-positive bacteria were more prevalent than gram-negative bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were the prevalent isolates causing BSI. Effective antibiotics for both gram-negative & gram-positive organisms are imipenem, meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam followed by amikacin; vancomycin & clindamycin for gram-positive organisms. To curb the growing antimicrobial resistance that we see in this and other studies, continuous antimicrobial stewardship is necessary, else we risk failing to treat BSI.

scholarly journals Analysis of antibiotics administration in diabetic ulcer patients at Panembahan Senopati regional hospital Bantul

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3782
Author(s):  
Adnal K. P. Husein Putra ◽  
Sri Sundari
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Diabetic Ulcer ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Background: This study provides an overview of diabetic ulcer infection, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, the most common types of antibiotics, factors influence in antibiotics administrations, and verifying the guideline used of antibiotics.Methods: The research used descriptive analysis combined with interviews. The study was starting from February-March 2021. Eighty-six diabetic ulcer patients were selected considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We interviewed seven doctors.Results: 71 bacterias were found with a gram-negative bacteria count of 80.3%- higher than gram-positive bacteria (19.7%). The most common gram-negative bacteria found are Escherichia coli (12.7%) and show the most heightened sensitivity with imipenem (80.7%), while cefuroxime and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole show the highest resistance (64.9%). The most common gram-positive bacteria found are Staphylococcus aureus (14.1%), and vancomycin shows the most heightened sensitivity (100%), while penicillin shows the highest resistance (71.4%). The most common single antibiotic administration was ceftriaxone, as well as a combination of two antibiotics, namely ceftriaxone and metronidazole.Conclusions: Escherichia coli was the most gram-negative bacteria, which has the highest sensitivity with imipenem, while Staphylococcus aureus was the most gram-positive bacteria, which has the most heightened sensitivity with vancomycin. The most common single antibiotic administration was ceftriaxone, as well as a combination of two antibiotics, ceftriaxone and metronidazole. Factors that influence antibiotics administration are patient condition, susceptibility testing, training, and advice from colleagues. Every doctor uses different guidelines for diabetic foot ulcer.

scholarly journals THE MICROBIAL PATTERN OF COMPLICATED INTRA-ABDOMINAL INFECTIONS COMMUNITY IN H. ADAM MALIK GENERAL HOSPITAL MEDAN

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Heri Gunanti Surbakti
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Staphylococcus Haemolyticus ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Abdominal Infections

Introduction: The principles management of complicated intra-abdominal infections are source control and antibiotic therapy. The main problem in its implementation is the slow handling time and inadequate antibiotic therapy, which leads in an increase in mortality in complicated intra-abdominal infections. Early empirical antibiotics are based on the pathological location and community microbial pattern. This study is aimed to evaluate microbial pattern at H. Adam Malik General Hospital between January 2017 and October 2019. Methods: This is a retro-prospective observational descriptive study. Results: There were 37 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The most common microbial pattern in this study was gramnegative bacteria, which was 62.1%. The most common gram-negative bacteria found were E.coli (32.4%), followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (24.3%). While the most common gram-positive bacteria found was Staphylococcus haemolyticus (8.1%). Conclusion: The most common microbial pattern found in this study was gram-negative bacteria, where the most common gram-negative bacteria was E. coli. The most common gram-positive bacteria was Staphylococcus haemolyticus

scholarly journals Prevalence of Bacterial Vaginosis and Associated Risk Factors among Women Complaining of Genital Tract Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adane Bitew ◽  
Yeshiwork Abebaw ◽  
Delayehu Bekele ◽  
Amete Mihret
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Aerobic Vaginitis ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Increased Risk

Background. Bacterial vaginosis is a global concern due to the increased risk of acquisition of sexually transmitted infections.Objectives. To determine the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and bacteria causing aerobic vaginitis.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 210 patients between September 2015 and July 2016 at St. Paul’s Hospital. Gram-stained vaginal swabs were examined microscopically and graded as per Nugent’s procedure. Bacteria causing aerobic vaginitis were characterized, and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined.Results. The overall prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was 48.6%. Bacterial vaginosis was significantly associated with number of pants used per day (p=0.001) and frequency of vaginal bathing (p=0.045). Of 151 bacterial isolates, 69.5% were Gram-negative and 30.5% were Gram-positive bacteria. The overall drug resistance level of Gram-positive bacteria was high against penicillin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. Cefoxitin and tobramycin were the most active drugs against Gram-positive bacteria. The overall drug resistance level of Gram-negative bacteria was high against tetracycline, ampicillin, and amoxicillin. Amikacin and tobramycin were the most active drugs against Gram-negative bacteria.Conclusions. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was high and was affected by individual hygiene. Routine culture of vaginal samples should be performed on patients with vaginitis and the drug susceptibility pattern of each isolate should be determined.

scholarly journals Etiology of bloodstream infection and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashubha Bhandari ◽  
Sarita Manandhar ◽  
Basudha Shrestha ◽  
Nabeen Dulal
Keyword(s):  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative

Background: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a signifi cant cause of morbidity and mortality. In Nepal, very few studies on BSIs have restricted the understanding of their cause, prevention and treatment. This cross-sectional study was conducted to isolate BSIs causing pathogens and determine their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in patients visiting Kathmandu ModelHospital during December 2012 to May 2013.Materials and Methods: Standard laboratory procedure was used to screen, isolate and identify the bacteria from 1,205 patients. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern (AST) was analyzed by modifi ed Kirby Bauer technique and data were analyzed using SPSS version-16.Results: Out of 1,205 blood samples, 186 (15.4 %) were culture positive. The most common bacteria isolated were: Salmonella spp., Escherichiacoli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and CoNS. Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant causes of BSIs. Salmonella Typhi was isolated in 71 % cases of bloodstream infection followed by Salmonella Paratyphi A in 16 %, Escherichia coli in 5.3 % and Klebsiella pneumonia in 0.5 %. The gram-positive organism responsible for causing BSI was coagulase-negative staphylococcus in 7 % cases. There was no significant association between bacteremia and gender of the patients. During ASTs, Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to Chloramphenicol with only 0.5 % resistivity. Salmonella Typhi (85.6 % of isolates) showed resistance to Nalidixic acid. Gram-positive bacteria showed 100 % sensitivity towards Chloramphenicol and Gentamicin and were least sensitive to Amoxicillin.Conclusion: Salmonella spp., was major cause of BSIs. Increase in antibiotic resistivity for BSI causing pathogens has necessitated continuous monitoring of the susceptibility of organisms towards antibiotics.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(2) 2015 71-75

scholarly journals Bacterial Isolates and Drug Susceptibility Pattern of Sterile Body Fluids from Tertiary Hospital, Northern Ethiopia: A Four-Year Retrospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ephrem Tsegay ◽  
Aregawi Hailesilassie ◽  
Haftamu Hailekiros ◽  
Selam Niguse ◽  
Muthupandian Saravanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Pattern

This study was conducted in Ayder comprehensive specialized Hospital, Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia, to determine the bacterial profiles and drug susceptibility pattern from body fluids. A total of 218 patients were investigated, of which 146 (67%) were males. The age of the study subjects ranged from 2 days to 80 years with 96(44%) in the age group of 15 years and above. The overall bacterial infection was 44 (20.2 %) of which gram positive bacteria were prevalent, 23 (52.3%) than gram negative bacteria 21 (47.7%). The predominantly isolated bacteria wereS. pneumonia,followed byK.pneumoniae, S. aureus, andE coli.Multidrug resistance was observed in 12 (100%) of the isolated gram positive bacteria and in 6 (75%) of the isolated gram negative bacteria.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial evaluation of some sulfonamide Schiff base derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3535-3543
Author(s):  
Mustafa M. AL-Hakiem ◽  
Rita S. Elias ◽  
Munther A. Mohammed-Ali
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Antibacterial Evaluation

New series of Schiff base compounds obtained from sulfa drugs have been synthesized by the reaction of sulfonamide compounds (sulfadiazine, sulfapyridine, sulfamethazine, or sulfamerazine) with corresponding aromatic aldehydes (3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde or 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde). The synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, ESI-Mass, and 1H-NMR spectroscopy to confirm the chemical structures of synthesized compounds. The purity of all synthesized compounds were verified using pre-coated TLC (MERCK) plates using dichloromethane: methanol (9:1) solvent system. The chromatographic plates were viewed under ultraviolet(UV) light at 254 nm The sulfonamide Schiff base compounds were tested for antibacterial evaluation against two pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp.) and two pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia). The antibacterial activity of synthesized compounds was evaluated by assessing the inhibitory concentration by measuring their inhibition zone versus certain kinds of standard antibiotics with concentrations (500, 750, and 1000) μg /ml. Most synthesized compounds at high concentration were moderately active against all tested bacteria ,compound SH7 showed best antibacterial activity for both (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) bacteria while SH8 compound exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and weak activity (<10 mm) against Gram-negative bacteria and all synthesized compounds were less antibacterial activity for all tested bacterial strains than standard drugs.

scholarly journals Neonatal-sepsis causative microorganisms and antimicrobial sensitivity in NICU, Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Multan.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (09) ◽  
pp. 1570-1575
Author(s):  
Abdur Rehman ◽  
Ahmed Iqbal Quddusi ◽  
Munir Ahmed Baloch ◽  
Ashee Nadeem ◽  
Imran Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Neonatal Septicemia ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Methods

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the microorganisms and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of neonatal septicemia in NICU, Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Multan. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of NICU, Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Multan. Period: 6 months from October 2017-March 2018. Material and Methods: In this study a total of 173 specimen were cultured including peripheral samples 160 (92.5%), tips of endotracheal tubes 8 (4.6%) and tracheal aspirates 5 (2.8%). Our patients were newborns age ranging from 5 – 19 days who were admitted due to suspected septicemia. Specimens were sent to Shaukat Khanam Memorial Hospital Lahore and Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi where they were cultured by using standard microbiological methods. The necessary information’s regarding age of the neonates, weight, gestational age, mode of delivery, prior use of antibiotics and outcome were recorded on predesigned data collection sheet. Results were analyzed by using statistical tools. Results: The outcome of 173 specimens, microbial testing showed that 91 (53%) isolates were found to be positive. Out of these 91, 77 (85%) were Bacterial and 14 (15%) were fungal species. The incidence of Gram Negative and Gram Positive bacteria was found to be 62 (68%) and 15 (16%) respectively. The most common gram negative specie was Klebsiella Pneumonia 20 (32%). Among gram positive bacteria staphylococcus epidermidis 15 (67%) was the most common species. Among fungal species Candida sepsis was the most common, 13 (14%) of all the samples. Most of the gram negative organisms were sensitive to Aminoglycosides, Imipenem and Ciprofloxacin. Gram positive species were sensitive to Linezolid and Vancomycin. All the fungal species were sensitive to Fluconazole and Voriconazole. Conclusion: There is a variety of organisms causing neonatal septicemia in Tertiary Care hospitals with variable susceptibility pattern, which reflects the need to evaluate the incidence of different microbial species after every quarter and study there susceptibility patterns.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria: a 5-year retrospective analysis at a multi-hospital healthcare system in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Alhumaid ◽  
Abbas Al Mutair ◽  
Zainab Al Alawi ◽  
Ahmad J. Alzahrani ◽  
Mansour Tobaiqy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Background Studying time-related changes in susceptible pathogens causing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is vital in improving local antimicrobial and infection control practices. Objectives Describe susceptibility patterns to several antimicrobials in gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients causing HAIs at three private tertiary care hospitals in Saudi Arabia over a 5-year period. Methods Data on trends of antimicrobial susceptibility among bacteria causing HAIs events in children and adults at three tertiary private hospitals located in Riyadh and Qassim, Saudi Arabia, were collected retrospectively between 2015 and 2019 using the surveillance data datasets. Results Over a 5-year period, 38,624 pathogens caused 17,539 HAI events in 17,566 patients. About 9450 (53.8%) of patients who suffered HAIs were females and the average age was 41.7 ± 14.3 years (78.1% were adults and 21.9% were children). Gram-negative pathogens were 2.3-times more likely to cause HAIs compared to gram-positive bacteria (71.9% vs. 28.1%). The ranking of causative pathogens in decreasing order was: Escherichia coli (38%), Klebsiella species (15.1%), and Staphylococcus aureus (12.6%). Gram-positive isolates were mostly susceptible to linezolid (91.8%) whereas they were resistant to ampicillin (52.6%), cefoxitin (54.2%), and doxycycline (55.9%). Gram-negative isolates were mostly sensitive to tigecycline (95%) whereas they were resistant to cefotaxime (49.5%) and cefixime (59.6%). During the 5 years, there were relatively stable susceptibility patterns to all tested antimicrobials, except for cefotaxime which shown a susceptibility reduction by 41.4%, among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species. An increase in the susceptibility of Acinetobacter and Enterobacter and Citrobacter species to all studied antimicrobials was observed except for colistin that had a slight sensitivity reduction in 2019 by 4.3% against Acinetobacter species. However, we noted reduced sensitivity of MRSA, CoNS and Enterococcus species to gentamicin; and increased resistance of MRSA to linezolid and vancomycin. Conclusion The observed increase in susceptibility of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria to studied antimicrobials is important; however, reduced sensitivity of MRSA, CoNS and Enterococcus species to gentamicin; and increased resistance of MRSA to linezolid and vancomycin is a serious threat and calls for effective antimicrobial stewardship programs.

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