scholarly journals After fire regeneration in a Mediterranean serpentine mountain

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia Hidalgo Triana
Keyword(s):  
Survival Strategy ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Response Capacity ◽  
Mediterranean Mountains ◽  
The Face ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Serpentine Ecosystem ◽  
Field Works ◽  
High Degree

 Abstract: The management of Mediterranean mountains need to know whether or not the flora is adapted to respond to fire and, if so, through what mechanisms. Serpentine outcrops constitute particular ecosystems in the Mediterranean Basin, and plants need to make an additional adaptive effort. The objective of this study is to know the response to fire of the main members of the group of serpentine plants, which habit the Spanish Mediterranean ultramafic mountain, to help in their management. For this purpose, monitoring plots were established on a burned ultramafic outcrop, which was affected by fire in August 2012.They were located in the Mediterranean south of the Iberian Peninsula, Andalusia region. The dominant vegetation of this serpentine ecosystem had been studied previously to fire; it was a shrubland composed of endemic serpentinophytes (small shrubs and perennial herbs) included in Digitali laciniatae-Halimietum atriplicifolii plant association (Cisto-Lavanduletea class) in an opened pine forest. The post-fire response of the plants was studied in the stablished burned plots by field works through permanent 200 x 10 m transect methods, consisting on checking whether they were resprouters, seeders, both of them or if they showed no survival response. Additional information about fire related functional traits is provided for the studied taxa from other studies. Of the total of plants studied (23 taxa), 74% acted as resprouters, 30% as seeders, some of which also had the capacity to resprout (13%), and only 9% of the plants did not show any survival strategy. The presence of a resprouting burl was not high (17%), although serpentine small shrubs such as Bupleurum acutifolium and the generalist Teucrium haenseleri had this kind of organ. The herbaceous taxa Sanguisorba verrucosa, Galium boissieranum and Linum carratracense were seen to be resprouters and seeders. The serpentine obligated Ni-accumulator, Alyssum serpyllifolium subsp. malacitanum, did not show any survival strategy in the face of fire and therefore their populations need monitoring after fires. In the studied ecosystems no species had traits that would protect the aerial part of the plant against fire, although most of the species are capable of post-fire generation by below ground buds. Our results show that the ecosystem studied, composed of taxa with a high degree of endemism and some of them threatened, is predominantly adapted to survival after a fire, although their response capacity may be decreased by environmental factors.

4.2 ka BP Megadrought and the Akkadian Collapse

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
First Empire ◽  
Adaptive Processes ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Farming Landscapes ◽  
Dry Farming ◽  
Standing Army ◽  
Irrigation Agriculture ◽  
Habitat Tracking

The Akkadians, of southern Mesopotamia, created the first empire ca. 2300 BC with the conquest and imperialization of southern irrigation agriculture and northern Mesopotamian dry-farming landscapes. The Akkadian Empire conquered and controlled a territory of roughly 30,000 square kilometers and, importantly, its wealth in labor and cereal crop-yields. The Empire maintained a standing army, weaponry, and a hierarchy of administrators, scribes, surveyors, craft specialists, and transport personnel, sustainable and profitable for about one hundred years. Archaeological excavations indicate the empire was still in the process of expansion when the 2200 BC–1900 BC/4.2–3.9 ka BP global abrupt climate change deflected or weakened the Mediterranean westerlies and the Indian Monsoon and generated synchronous megadrought across the Mediterranean, west Asia, the Indus, and northeast Africa. Dry-farming agriculture domains and their productivity across west Asia were reduced severely, forcing adaptive societal collapses, regional abandonments, habitat-tracking, nomadization, and the collapse of the Akkadian Empire. These adaptive processes extended across the hydrographically varied landscapes of west Asia and thereby provided demographic and societal resilience in the face of the megadrought’s abruptness, magnitude, and duration.

scholarly journals POS1489-HPR TELEMEDICINE CONSULTATIONS IN RHEUMATOLOGY: IDENTIFIED PROBLEMS OF NEW TECHNOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1029.1-1029
Author(s):  
Y. Livshits ◽  
O. Teplyakova ◽  
A. Sarapulova
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Remote Communication ◽  
Maximum Information ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Degree

Background:Telemedicine counseling (TMC) has gained rapid development during the COVID-19 pandemic. The prospect of using this technology in rheumatology was based on the possibility of getting maximum information about the patient during the survey, examination and interpretation of laboratory and instrumental data, that is excepting direct contact with the patient. Several rheumatological clinics have reported on the success of using TMC. However, there is very little data of the difficulties that can be encountered when organizing this process.Objectives:To characterize the identified problems during TMC in rheumatology, to suggest potential directions for their elimination.Methods:Since June 2021, on the basis of the Medical Association “New Hospital”, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 76 TMCs have been performed on the profile of rheumatology in patients aged 29 to 71 years. Of these, 13 applied to the primary TMC, the other patients were preliminarily examined in person. The consultation included the preliminary acquaintance with the examination results, a 20-minute video communication and writing of a conclusion. After each TMC, a survey was conducted between the doctor and the patient, including the identified deficiencies in counseling. The frequency of identified problems is presented as an absolute indicator and as a percentage of the total number of TMCs performed.Results:We noted a high degree of patient satisfaction: 74 (97.4%) responded that they received answers to all. However, according to the doctor, the following groups of problems were identified.[1]Technical problems in 29 (38.2%): most often there were various problems with the Internet, but there were also registered: the end of the charge on the patient’s tablet, the patient was not registered in the electronic queue. Elimination of these violations depends on the work of IT-specialists, but each consulting physician should be prepared for an immediate transition to an alternative form of communication (for example - telephone).[2]Lack of objective examination, leading to the impossibility of correct remote diagnosis - 8 (10.5%). This problem was identified due to the inability to establish the presence or absence of arthritis during the initial diagnosis (6 cases) and to clarify the nature of the rash (2 cases). All patients are invited for a face-to-face consultation.[3]The need to write prescriptions for psychotropic drugs - 12 (15.8%), which under the conditions of national legislation cannot be done in the TMC regime.[4]The time spent directly on remote communication with the patient was 17.2 minutes (from 8 to 31), however, taking into account the study data and writing the conclusion, the total time was 40.7 minutes (from 21 to 73). Thus, it turned out that the average time for remote and face-to-face consultations is the same, while TMC’s payment is only about 50% of the face-to-face consultation. This situation reduces the doctor’s interest in carrying out TMC. The solution to the problem is associated with reducing the time for the documentation process through technical improvements. In addition, of the 9 patients in whom the TMC process lasted 60 minutes or more, 5 were diagnosed with fibromyalgia. It is possible that with a previously established diagnosis of fibromyalgia, only face-to-face counseling should be recommended to patients.Conclusion:The TMC system is promising, however, there are a number of problems that need to be improved, since they can reduce the doctor’s interest in using this technology.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

TRIGEMINAL PROJECTIONS IN THE RETICULAR FORMATION OF THE PONS IN THE CAT

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
J. M. Langlois ◽  
Guy Lamarche
Keyword(s):  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Trigeminal Nerve ◽  
Unit Activity ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Pontine Reticular Formation ◽  
Recording Unit ◽  
Spatial Convergence ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Stimulation Of

The projections of the trigeminal nerve in the pontine reticular formation of the cat have been investigated by recording unit activity, after physiological stimulation of the face, in 30 "encéphales isolés" preparations. No somatotopical arrangement was found but a high degree of spatial convergence onto pontine reticular units exists and a certain degree of functional organization was observed.

scholarly journals Taxonomic and Functional Diversity of a Quercus pyrenaica Willd. Rhizospheric Microbiome in the Mediterranean Mountains

Forests ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Cobo-Díaz ◽  
Antonio Fernández-González ◽  
Pablo Villadas ◽  
Nicolás Toro ◽  
Susannah Tringe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Quercus Pyrenaica ◽  
Mediterranean Mountains ◽  
The Mediterranean

Sources of Stability and Instability in Rural Thai Society

1968 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Piker
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Complete Reduction ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
Stability And Instability ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Social Arrangements ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Social Level

Ongoing cultures, by virtue of the personalities they produce and the social arrangements they embody, create tensions or strains for their individual members; and they provide as well for the institutionalized expression and alleviation, if not complete reduction, of these tensions in culturally approved channels. In this view, cultural stability refers not to the absence of persisting conflict on the individual or social level; but rather to a high degree of complementarity between institutionalized sources of strain or conflict for the individual, and institutionalized arrangements for tension reduction or expression. This conception of stability does not assume that all relatively stable cultures are equally productive of psychological well-being, even assuming this nebulous condition could be specified. Nor does it assert that all stable cultures are equally adaptive in the face of external pressures. It does imply, however, that sources of conflict and channels for its expression will be sufficiently balanced to insure perpetuation of culturally standardized social arrangements and beliefs over many generations.

Clearing shrubland and extensive livestock farming: Active prevention to control wildfires in the Mediterranean mountains

2018 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 256-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lasanta ◽  
M. Khorchani ◽  
F. Pérez-Cabello ◽  
P. Errea ◽  
R. Sáenz-Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Mediterranean Mountains ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Lumpen Politics? A Day in “El Hueco”

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniella Gandolfo
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Elections ◽  
State Building ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Political Tactics ◽  
Alberto Fujimori ◽  
The Face ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
The Media ◽  
Dangerous Place ◽  
State Bureaucracy

AbstractThe market of El Hueco in downtown Lima sits inside a large pit dug out for the foundation of a state building that was never built. The below-ground corridors and crammed vending stalls in this poorly regulated market are usually flooded with shoppers, yet government officials and the media frequently condemn it as a vile and dangerous place. But how and why does El Hueco offend? Through an ethnographic account of a day's events, cast against a discussion of Marxism's “lumpenproletariat” and Hernando de Soto's “informality,” I argue that implicit in El Hueco's challenge of state bureaucracy is a class critique that resists conventional class analysis and that affirms the “lumpen” as a politics in its own right. “Lumpen” here does not refer to categories of people but to a resource that can be appropriated and deployed freely. Linked to the anti-political tactics of President Alberto Fujimori in the 1990s, lumpen as a resource has changed the face of postwar Lima by defying and deforming from within the bourgeois ideals of urban development and bureaucratic form. It has also arguably changed the face of politics and played a role in the revival of fujimorismo during and since the 2016 presidential elections.

STUDIES OF CROWN ROT OF APPLE TREES

1942 ◽  
Vol 20c (9) ◽  
pp. 457-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice F. Welsh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Phytophthora Cactorum ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Old Trees

The form of apple tree crown rot that occurs in the irrigated orchards of British Columbia is confined to the below-ground bark tissues of the tree. It has been encountered in trees of all ages and of all the commercial varieties.Proof is given that this crown rot is caused by the fungus Phytophthora cactorum (L. & C.) Schroet. Typical symptoms of the disease have been reproduced in over 200 trees of various ages as a result of their inoculation with this fungus. Isolation has been possible only from the margins of active lesions, and has proved difficult even from these tissues. There is evidence that the activity of P. cactorum is inhibited in rotted tissues by the antagonistic effect of one or more secondary organisms.The influence of soil moisture and temperature on disease incidence has been studied by field observations and by the inoculation of two-year—old trees under controlled conditions in Wisconsin tank equipment in the greenhouse. The effects of these two factors seem to be interrelated, with the highest incidence of disease in an almost saturated soil at the highest temperature imposed, 32 °C. The influence of soil moisture is exerted particularly in the subsoil, rather than in the locus of crown rot attack.Certain varieties of apple have been found to vary in their resistance to crown rot. Deep wounds have proved necessary to allow entry of the fungus into bark tissues.The additional information now available is being utilized in a search for improved means of combating the disease.

scholarly journals Temporal branch of facial nerve: a normative study of nerve conduction

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Fabiana Sobral da Silva ◽  
Maria Carolina Martins de Lima ◽  
José Natal Figueiroa ◽  
Otávio Gomes Lins
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Conduction Velocity ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Normative Study ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Face ◽  
Electrophysiological Technique ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
The Temple

The temporal branch of the facial nerve is particularly vulnerable to traumatic injuries during surgical procedures. It may also be affected in clinical conditions. Electrodiagnostic studies may add additional information about the type and severity of injuries, thus allowing prognostic inferences. The objective of the present study was to develop and standardize an electrophysiological technique to specifically evaluate the temporal branch of the facial nerve. METHOD: Healthy volunteers (n=115) underwent stimulation of two points along the nerve trajectory, on both sides of the face. The stimulated points were distal (on the temple, over the temporal branch) and proximal (in retro-auricular region). Activities were recorded on the ipsilateral frontalis muscle. The following variables were studied: amplitude (A), distal motor latency (DML) and conduction velocity (NCV). RESULTS: Differences between the sides were not significant. The proposed reference values were: A >0.4 mV, DML <3.9 ms and NCV >40 m/s. Variation between hemifaces should account for less than 60% for amplitudes and latency, and should be inferior to 20% for conduction velocity. CONCLUSION: These measurements are an adequate way for proposing normative values for the electrophysiological evaluation of the temporal branch.

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