scholarly journals Fractal Antennas (Study and Review)

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (13) ◽  
pp. 7387-7400
Author(s):  
Ahmed Azeez Khudhair Al-Zabee ◽  
Saba Qasim Jabbar ◽  
Desheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Fractal Antenna ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Communication Services ◽  
Wideband Antenna ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Fractal Antennas ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Way

In recent years, great demands for an antenna with many falsities like miniaturization, multiband and wideband antenna with high gain and low profile antenna for modern wireless communication services and applications. Fractal antenna paves the way for these requirements. In this survey, we will attempt to study and review the existing fractal antennas designs and to classify them with different techniques used and additional insight into these unique structures with the most used simulation softwares for designing of fractal antenna applications.

scholarly journals Formation of Fractal Antenna Array for Multiband Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3257-3263
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Antenna Array ◽  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Dielectric Substrate ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Fractal Antenna ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Wireless Applications

Antennas play a vital role in wireless communication; a thirst of excellence in this area is unending. Proposed work describes a concept of fractal multiband antenna designed in the hexagon shape. Basically fractal is the concept used in Microstrip antenna for giving better results than conventional Microstrip antenna. By using hexagonal fractal antenna we can possibly achieve the radiation pattern with high gain. The coaxial feeding is used and multiple hexagons are interconnected in array for maintaining conductivity and to preserve electrical self similarity. Hexagonal antenna is used for different wireless applications. The proposed antenna frequency band covers a large number of wireless communication applications including GPS (1.6GHz), Bluetooth (2.4 GHz) & WLAN (3.6GHz). Antenna design has been designed and simulated by using the software Ansoft’s HFSS and parameters like bandwidth return loss, directivity, VSWR are analyzed. Fabrication of the antenna is done by using wet-etching method, on FR-4 dielectric substrate material. Experimental results are taken on Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) and those obtained results were compared with simulated results. The hexagonal fractal antenna array is found to possess predictable multiband characteristics.

scholarly journals Fabrication of CPW-Fed Fractal Antenna for UWB Applications with Omni-Directional Patterns

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohid Sedghi ◽  
Mahdi Jalali ◽  
Tohid Aribi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Fractal Antenna ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Low Profile Antennas ◽  
Miniaturized Antenna ◽  
Uwb Applications

Novel and compact CPW-fed antennas are proposed comprised of a fractal patch and modified ground-plane. The ground-plane is truncated at the center and includes dielectric notches at its side to enhance the antenna’s impedance bandwidth. The dimensions of the notches effectively control the upper and lower band edges of the antenna. The optimized antenna operates across 2.95–12.81 GHz forS11≤-10 dB. Omnidirectional radiation pattern is achieved over the full UWB frequency range. The miniaturized antenna has a total size of14×18×1 mm3. The characteristics of the proposed antenna are suitable for UWB wireless communication requiring low profile antennas.

scholarly journals Investigation of printed slot antennas based on Euclidean geometries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqeen S. Mezaal
Keyword(s):  
Ground Plane ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Fractal Antenna ◽  
Slot Antennas ◽  
Wireless Applications ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
Fractal Antennas ◽  
Parametric Analyses

AbstractEuclidean and fractal terms are mathematically and physically important terms in antenna design, but rarely reported studies had discussed these terms together in antenna design in their texts. This paper first gives an overview of Euclidean and fractal antennas with useful and satisfactory facts. Four printed slot antennas are then studied using Euclidean slot shapes printed in the ground plane with and without Euclidean patches using FR4 substrate. These antennas are employed to investigate their suitability as simple alternatives to complicated fractal geometries and their specific formulas. Parametric analyses with feedline lengths and patch scaling aspects are adopted to generate single, dual, and multiband responses. These parametric studies provide different outcomes and choices for antenna electrical specifications suitable for various wireless applications. It is clear that inserting Euclidean patches to the printed slot in the ground plane influence inducing multiple operating bands as similar as multiband fractal antenna, but without using specific formulas or complicated outlines. All proposed antennas have low-profile topologies, good compactness, and more competitive electrical specifications than many reported fractal antennas. The simulations of the proposed printed slot antennas are in good compatibility with the measurements.

scholarly journals Sierpinski carpet fractal monopole antenna for ultra-wideband applications

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 983
Author(s):  
Medhal Bharathraj Kumar ◽  
Praveen Jayappa
Keyword(s):  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Monopole Antenna ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Fractal Antenna ◽  
Sierpinski Carpet ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
Fractal Antennas ◽  
Sierpiński Carpet

Microstrip antenna is broadly used in the modern communication system due to its significant features such as light weight, inexpensive, low profile, and ease of integration with radio frequency devices. The fractal shape is applied in antenna geometry to obtain the ultra-wideband antennas. In this paper, the sierpinski carpet fractal monopole antenna (SCFMA) is developed for base case, first iteration and second iteration to obtain the wideband based on its space filling and self-similar characteristics. The dimension of the monopole patch size is optimized to minimize the overall dimension of the fractal antenna. Moreover, the optimized planar structure is proposed using the microstrip line feed. The monopole antenna is mounted on the FR4 substrate with the thickness of 1.6 mm with loss tangent of 0.02 and relative permittivity of 4.4. The performance of this SCFMA is analyzed in terms of area, bandwidth, return loss, voltage standing wave ratio, radiation pattern and gain. The proposed fractal antenna achieves three different bandwidth ranges such as 2.6-4.0 GHz, 2.5-4.3 GHz and 2.4-4.4 GHz for base case, first and second iteration respectively. The proposed SCFMA is compared with existing fractal antennas to prove the efficiency of the SCFMA design. The area of the SCFMA is 25×20 mm<sup>2</sup>, which is less when compared to the existing fractal antennas.

Bioshock in the Cave

2010 ◽  
pp. 86-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Travis
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Ethical Choice ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Way

Plato’s cave, when read with attention to its ludic element, provides a model for the way video games can teach ethics. This chapter describes the cave-culture-game, the interactivity of the prisoners of the cave with the shadow-puppet play. It argues that on its own, the cave-culture-game gives insight into the standard reproduction of dominant ideological ethics by most games that have frameworks of ethical choice. The attempted disruption of this cave-culture-game by the philosopher, however, gives additional insight into the ethical potential of video games. To explore this, the chapter provides a close reading of 2K’s Bioshock, which shows how video games can teach ethics through disruptive gestures such as the forced killing of a major character.

Design of a Compact High Gain Microstrip Patch Antenna for Tri-Band 5 G Wireless Communication

Frequenz ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdelaziz ◽  
Ehab K. I. Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
Microstrip Patch ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Tan Δ

Abstract In this paper, a Tri-band microstrip-line-fed low profile microstrip patch antenna is proposed for future multi-band 5 G wireless communication applications. The proposed antenna is printed on a compact Rogers RT5880 substrate of dimensions 20×16.5×0.508 mm3 with relative permittivity, εr of 2.2 and loss tangent, tan δ of 0.0009. To improve return loss and bandwidth of the proposed antenna, a partial ground plane technique is employed. The proposed antenna operates at 10, 28, and 38 GHz, three of the selected frequencies which are allocated by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) for 5 G mobile communications. To reduce interference between the 5 G system and other systems in the band, a pair of T-shaped slots is etched in the radiating patch to reject unwanted frequency bands. The proposed design provides a gain of 5.67 dB at 10 GHz, 9.33 dB at 28 GHz and 9.57 dB at 38 GHz; the radiation pattern is mostly directional. The proposed antenna is designed and optimized using two commercial 3D full-wave software, viz. CST microwave studio and Ansoft HFSS. A prototype of the designed antenna that was fabricated and showed good agreement between the actual measurements of S11 & VSWR and the simulation results using both software.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document