scholarly journals Perception of Ethiopian Mango Farmers on the Pest Status and Current Management Practices for the Control of the White Mango Scale, Aulacaspis Tubercularis (Homoptera: Diaspididae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1846-1852
Author(s):  
Melesse tora Anjulo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Study ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Survey Result ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Mango Tree ◽  
Different Parts

White Mango Scale (WMS), Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), was occurred in Ethiopia in 2010. It was introduced from Asia (India) through infected mango seedlings. Currently the insect problems increase to different parts of Ethiopia. This survey was initiated with the objectives of gathering perception of mango growing farmers on mango WMS insect status and its management methods. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to mango growing farmers selected at random with majority being members of the banana and mango producers. Survey result shows that white mango scale insect is present at all the studied area and all the interviewed farmers responded that their mango tree was faced with some sort of insect problem and some farmers started to manage this insect by cultural and chemical methods. From the interviewed mango growers, 57.3% were knowledge on white mango scale insect and they thought it causes high amount of yield loss. Sixty percent of the respondents use one or combination of control methods of the pest. Further systematic study is needed to implement informed management system to control this emerging mango pest.

scholarly journals Barriers to IPM adoption for insect pests in New Zealand pastures

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Mansfield ◽  
Colin M. Ferguson ◽  
Toni White ◽  
Scott Hardwick ◽  
Sean D.G. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Share Information

New Zealand’s pastoral sector faces significant challenges to pest management as long-standing insecticides are deregistered. To protect their pastures, farmers need to shift from reactive responses that lead to poor economic outcomes to pre-emptive responses that are viable in the long term. Current management practices (insecticides, endophytes, biological control) for New Zealand’s pasture insect pests were assessed from the perspective of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Potential impacts from novel control strategies and emerging digital technologies were evaluated to determine how these could improve pest management. Cryptic IPM is present within the New Zealand pastoral sector: that is, farmers practise various elements of IPM but these elements are not integrated into a cohesive system, so farmers often fail to recognise pest impacts until significant economic losses have occurred. We identified important networks by which farmers, industry and researchers communicate and share information, and can develop strategies to raise awareness of IPM. To encourage adoption, farmers need to feel ownership of pasture IPM. Investment in IPM training for farmers through industry extension networks is essential to prepare farmers for the shift away from chemical insecticides to new biologically based control methods. Adoption of IPM will help pastoralists respond to current and new pest challenges.

scholarly journals Florida Crop/Pest Management Profile: Aquatic Weeds

EDIS ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Mossler ◽  
Kenneth A. Langeland
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Aquatic Weed ◽  
Aquatic Weeds ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Crop Pest

PI-138, a 9-page fact sheet by Mark A. Mossler and Ken A. Langeland, profiles the extent of the aquatic weed infestations in Florida and current management practices and activities. Includes profiles of category I invasive plants, control methods, key contacts, and references. Published by the UF Pesticide Information Office, December 2006.

scholarly journals Damage levels caused by Capulinia linarosae Kondo & Gullan (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) on guava crops under two agronomic management practices in the south of lake Maracaibo, Venezuela

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Franco Redondo-Méndez ◽  
Misael Molina-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Lake Maracaibo ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Scale Establishment

The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis of no difference in the level of damage caused by the guava cottony scale Capulinia linarosae (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in two guava crops under different agronomic management practices: a crop whose management practices tend to be organic (PUA) was compared with another subjected to chemical methods (PUB). Forty plants in each farm were selected randomly to estimate damage on stems, branches, leaves, and fruits. Levels of damage were statistically different (P<0.0001) between the control methods for stems and branches, but not for leaves or fruits (P>0.05). It was concluded that the magnitude of damage is greater in the crop under chemical control and that agronomic management is a critical factor. Excess of insecticides and incorrect application of pruning causes damage to the plant’s bark and favor the insect proliferation. While the use of a sulfur-calcium broth in PUA regulates pH, favors the effect of other products and promotes the growth of green algae which cover bark crevices avoiding the cottony scale establishment. The excessive use of agrochemicals for weed control in UPB causes soil nudity and kills natural enemies, whereas in the UPA grass layer is clipped at 20 cm on the soil maintaining its moisture and creating habitat favorable to natural enemies.

Urinary Stone Disease in Pregnancy: Current Management Practices in a Large National Cohort

Urology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Kyle Spradling ◽  
Ericka M. Sohlberg ◽  
Shufeng Li ◽  
Chiyuan Amy Zhang ◽  
William D. Brubaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Urinary Stone Disease ◽  
National Cohort ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Infection Potential of Pleospora allii and Evaluation of Methods for Reduction of the Overwintering Inoculum of Brown Spot of Pear

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 1511-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isidre Llorente ◽  
Albert Vilardell ◽  
Emilio Montesinos
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Stemphylium Vesicarium ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Pleospora Allii ◽  
Evaluation Of Methods

The capacity for germination and pathogenicity to pear leaves of ascospores of Pleospora allii, the teleomorph of Stemphylium vesicarium, causal agent of brown spot of pear, were studied in vitro. Most ascospores germinated within 1 h at temperatures between 15 and 20°C, and the optimum temperature for germination was 18.9°C. Infections developed on wounded and non-wounded detached pear leaves, but were more frequent on wounded leaves. The minimum infective dose was one ascospore per wound. Biological, chemical, and mechanical methods for decreasing overwintering inoculum of P. allii were evaluated. Ascospores were discharged from March to May, depending on the orchard and year. Leaf shredding or removal were the most effective methods of reducing overwintering inoculum. Biological control methods based on application of Thichodermasp. formulations were partially effective. Chemical methods based on copper and urea treatments were ineffective.

scholarly journals A critical appraisal of current management practices for infant regurgitation - recommendations of a working party

1997 ◽  
Vol 156 (5) ◽  
pp. 343-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Vandenplas ◽  
D. Belli ◽  
P. Benhamou ◽  
S. Cadranel ◽  
J. P. Cezard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Working Party ◽  
Current Management

Maize MAIZE YIELD AS AFFECTED BY METHODS OF TILLAGE AND WEED MANAGEMEMNT

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Haseeb Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Maize Crop

An experiment entitled: Maize yield as affected by methods of tillage and weed control methods was conducted at Agronomy Research Farms, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having four replications. Tillage practices 1) Chisel plough + rotavator 2) Mouldboard plough + rotavator 3) Cultivator + rotavator and 4) Rotavator were assigned to main plots. Weed management practices included 1) Control, 2) Hoeing 15 days after sowing 3) Hoeing 15 and 30 days after sowing 4) Hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing, and 4) Herbicide (nicosulfuron) were kept into the subplots. The results revealed that chisel plough + rotavator has significantly reduced weeds m-2 (122, 101 and 125 weeds m-2), weeds fresh weight (19.73 g m-2, 116.35 g m-2 and 252.56 g m-2) and weeds dry weight (6.83 g m-2, 38.69 g m-2 and 80.61 g m-2) at 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing, respectively. The operation of chisel plough + rotavator has produced tallest plants (221.22 cm) with maximum grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3586 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (78.14%). Among weed control methods, hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing revealed maximum plant height (226.41 cm), grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3604 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (79.11%). All weed control methods have showed significant reduction in weeds m-2, weeds fresh weight and weeds dry weight. Interaction was also found significant for weeds m-2 at 60 DAS and grain yield of maize. Lowest weeds (56 weeds m-2) at 60 DAS and highest grain yield (4569 kg ha-1) was recorded when seedbed was prepared with chisel plough + rotavator with 3 hoeings (hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing). It is concluded that treatment of chisel plough + rotavator and hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing has significantly produced maximum grain yield of maize crop.

Chemical characterisation of deep profile Ferrosols under sugarcane in wet tropical northern Queensland

Soil Research ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Donn ◽  
N. W. Menzies ◽  
V. Rasiah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Selectivity Coefficients ◽  
Deep Profile

The chemical properties of deep profile samples (up to 12 m) of Ferrosols from northern Queensland were investigated to provide an understanding of the accumulation of nitrate (NO3) within these soil profiles. The influence of other cations and anions present in the soil solution or on the exchange and the charge chemistry of the profiles were examined with respect to the NO3 accumulations. The major ions in the soil solution were Na, NO3, and chloride (Cl). Distinct regions of anion accumulation were observed; SO4 accumulated in the upper profile of all cores, whereas NO3 and Cl accumulations were restricted to the lower profile of cores with appreciable AEC (>1�cmolc/kg). Gaines-Thomas selectivity coefficients were used to indicate exchange preference for cations and anions, and are as follows: Al > Ca ~ Mg > K > Na and sulfate (SO4) > Cl ~ NO3. The selectivity of SO4 increased and the extractable SO4 decreased in the lower profile of all cores. This has important implications for the adsorption of NO3 and Cl. The NO3 and Cl accumulations were shown to correspond to a region of low SO4 occupancy of the exchange sites in the lower profile. Along with the high SO4 selectivity, this suggests that SO4 may control the positioning of the NO3 accumulations. It was concluded that the NO3 accumulations were relatively stable under current management practices, although the reduction in NO3 inputs would likely see the gradual replacement of NO3 with Cl as a result of their comparable selectivity for exchange sites.

Estimating US federal wildland fire managers’ preferences toward competing strategic suppression objectives

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Calkin ◽  
Tyron Venn ◽  
Matthew Wibbenmeyer ◽  
Matthew P. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Cost Containment ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Ceteris Paribus ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Wildfire Management

Wildfire management involves significant complexity and uncertainty, requiring simultaneous consideration of multiple, non-commensurate objectives. This paper investigates the tradeoffs fire managers are willing to make among these objectives using a choice experiment methodology that provides three key advancements relative to previous stated-preference studies directed at understanding fire manager preferences: (1) a more immediate relationship between the instrument employed in measuring preferences and current management practices and operational decision-support systems; (2) an explicit exploration of how sociopolitical expectations may influence decision-making and (3) consideration of fire managers’ relative prioritisation of cost-containment objectives. Results indicate that in the current management environment, choices among potential suppression strategies are driven largely by consideration of risk to homes and high-value watersheds and potential fire duration, and are relatively insensitive to increases in cost and personnel exposure. Indeed, when asked to choose the strategy they would expect to choose under current social and political constraints, managers favoured higher-cost suppression strategies, ceteris paribus. However, managers indicated they would personally prefer to pursue strategies that were more cost-conscious and proportionate with values at risk. These results confirm earlier studies that highlight the challenges managerial incentives and sociopolitical pressures create in achieving cost-containment objectives.

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