scholarly journals Comparative life table analysis of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on ten rose cultivars

Acarologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-616
Author(s):  
Ali Golizadeh ◽  
Samira Ghavidel ◽  
Jabraeil Razmjou ◽  
Syed Ali Asghar Fathi ◽  
Mahdi Hassanpour
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Cool Water ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Population Growth Parameters ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

Life history parameters of plant feeders are useful tools to evaluate resistance or susceptibility of host plants including different cultivars. This study compared population growth parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch on 10 rose cultivars, including Bella Vita, Cool Water, Dolce Vita, Maroussia, Orange Juice, Pink Promise, Roulette, Tea, Valentine, and Persian yellow in laboratory conditions at 24+/-1°C, 65+/-5% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h. The results revealed that mite survival rate varied from 66.5% on Bella Vita to 85.9% on Persian yellow. The immature development time was different among the tested rose cultivars and ranged from 9.35 days on Orange Juice to 12.30 days on Bella Vita. The highest fecundity rate was recorded on Pink Promise. Consequently, population growth parameters were also significantly affected. The lowest intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was recorded on Roulette and this parameter was relatively higher on Cool Water, Orange Juice, and Persian yellow. In addition, the highest net reproductive rate (R0) was observed on Pink Promise, which was significantly higher than Roulette, Tea, and Valentine cultivars. The longest mean generation time (T) was calculated on Roulette and the shortest on Cool Water, Tea, and Orange Juice. The lowest performance of the two-spotted mite on Roulette could indicate that this is a suitable cultivar against mite infestation. Differences in mite susceptibility of tested rose cultivars here highlighted have the potential to be used for integrated pest management of T. urticae in ornamental rosa cultivations.

scholarly journals Effects of UV Radiation on Egg Hatching Population Growth and Reproductive Parameters of Indianmeal Moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-142
Author(s):  
Akram Bakhshi ◽  
Ali Asghar Talebi ◽  
Yaghoub Fathipour ◽  
Ali Mirshekar
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Plodia Interpunctella ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Population Growth Parameters

In this research, three age groups of Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) eggs (1-, 2- and 3-day-old eggs) were exposed to ultraviolet irradiation (UVC) with 254nm wavelength for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32 and 40 minutes, under controlled conditions. The effect of UVC-irradiation on reproduction and population growth parameters investigated for eggs irradiated for 0.5, 1 and 1.5 minutes. The percentage of egg hatching decreased with increase in UVC exposure time, while for each exposure time, the older eggs were more sensitive than the younger ones. The results indicated that different exposure times of UVC-irradiation could affect the reproduction and population growth parameters. The highest value of net fertility rates was observed in 1, 2 and 3-day-old eggs which were treated with 0.5 min exposure. Both the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and the net reproductive rate (R0) decreased with increasing exposure time from 0.5 to 1.5 min while the mean generation time (Tc) and doubling time (DT) increased within this irradiation range. The lowest amount of rm was obtained in 1, 2 and 3-day-old eggs which were treated with 1.5 min exposure time. The results showed that UVC-irradiation is an appropriate technique for controlling P. interpunctella.

scholarly journals PARAMETER NERACA HAYATI DAN PERTUMBUHAN POPULASI KUTU PUTIH Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) PADA DUA VARIETAS UBI KAYU

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Nila Wardani ◽  
Aunu Rauf ◽  
Wayan Winasa ◽  
Sugeng Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Phenacoccus Manihoti ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Cassava Mealybug ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Population Growth Parameters ◽  
Cassava Varieties ◽  
Cyanide Content

ABSTRACTThe life history and population growth parameters of mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on two cassava varieties. The development, reproduction, and population growth parameters of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on two cassava varieties were studied in laboratory. The varieties tested were UJ-5 with high cyanide content (>100 mg per kg) dan Adira-1 with low cyanide content (27.5 mg per kg).  Our research revealed that P. manihoti performances were highly affected by cassava varieties.  Incubation period of eggs of P. manihoti were 7.93 ±  0.09 and 8.33 ± 0.11 days, nymphal development periode 12.32±0.13 and 15.67 ± 0.13 days, respectively on UJ-5 and Adira-1. Fecundity averaged 386.37 ± 5.83 on UJ-5 and 318.67±2.81 eggs on Adira-1. Intrinsic rate of increase (rm) were  0.258 ± 0.001 on UJ-5 and  0.220 ± 0.001 on Adira-1. Mean generation time (T) on UJ-5 and Adira-1 were 22.795 ± 0.050 and 25.532 ± 0.047 days, repectively. Our findings showed that variety UJ-5 was more suitable for development and population growth of the cassava mealybug.

scholarly journals Sublethal Effects of Atropa belladonna Herbal Extract on Biological Performance of the Two-Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Ayad Alsendi ◽  
Mohammadreza Havasi ◽  
Niloufar Sangak Sani Bozhgani
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Atropa Belladonna ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is one of the most important pests of agricultural products. Using chemical pesticides is one of the main methods for its management. Due to undesirable effects of synthetic pesticides, this research was conducted to achieve alternative safe compounds. In this study sublethal effect of Atropa belladonna herbal extract including LC10, LC20, LC30 and distilled water were evaluated on biological parameters (such as r, λ, GRR, R0 and T) of T. urticae. The experiments were done under laboratory condition at 25±2 °C, 60±5% RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D) hours. The crude data were analyzed based on age-stage, two-sex life table analysis. The results indicated significant reduction in female’s duration of maturation, oviposition period and total fecundity by increasing examined dose. The highest and lowest values of the net reproductive rate (R0) were obtained 38.41 and 18.08 offspring/individual in control and LC30, respectively. The maximum values of intrinsic rate of increase (r) was 0.2201 day-1that occurred on control treatment while the minimum values was obtained 0.1937 day-1 in LC30 concentration. Finite rate of increase (λ) had significantly descended with concentration enhancing from LC20 to LC30, compared with the control. The results demonstrated that Atropa belladonna herbal extract could be incorporated in integrated pest management (IPM) programs of T. urticae.

scholarly journals Host-Plant Variations Affect the Biotic Potential, Survival, and Population Projection of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yasir Ali ◽  
Tayyaba Naseem ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Ijaz Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Population Projection ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Pepper Plant ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Wide Range

The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a polyphagous insect pest is a major threat to a wide range of crops worldwide. Aiming to evaluate the life history traits of M. persicae, feeding on different host plants, we used five vegetables: cabbage, Brassica oleracea (Brassicaceae); chinese cabbage, B. rapa (Brassicaceae); chili pepper, Capsicum annum (Solanaceae); crown daisy, Chrysanthemum coronarium (Asteraceae); and eggplant, Solanum melongena (Solanaceae). TWOSEX-MSchart software was used for the statistical analysis about the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. The highest fecundity (69.65 individuals) rate of M. persicae, intrinsic rate of increase (r = 0.425 d−1), finite rate of increase (λ = 1.531 d−1), net reproductive rate (R0 = 69.65 offspring), and shortest mean generation time (T = 9.964 d) were recorded on the chili pepper plant. Whereas, lower fitness occurred on cabbage. The findings attained from population growth parameters indicate that chili pepper is the most susceptible plant, while cabbage is resistant to aphids. Population projection results also supported this statement, as the final total population size on cabbage was significantly lower than other plants. The reported information would be useful for devising integrated pest management programs, particularly those involving M. persicae. This information also suggests the adaptability of M. persicae causing economic damage to these vegetable cultivars.

scholarly journals A life table analysis to evaluate biological control of banks grass mite using the predatory mite, Galendromus flumenis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ganjisaffar ◽  
Thomas M. Perring
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Banks Grass Mite

The predatory mite, Galendromus flumenis (Chant) (Acari: Phytoseiidae), has shown promising traits for biological control of Banks grass mite, the major pest of date palms in California. In the present study, reproduction and population growth parameters of G. flumenis on Banks grass mite eggs were studied at 34ºC, 50±10% RH and a photoperiod of 16: 8 (L: D) hours. 100 percent of eggs hatched and 63.5 percent of the emerged larvae survived to adulthood. The total immature developmental time was 5.7 and 5.5 days for females and males, respectively. The sex ratio of G. flumenis was 0.70 (females/ females+ males). Mated females laid on average 1.6 eggs per day and 19.9 eggs during their mean ovipositional period of 12.5 days. The net reproductive rate (R0) was 11.5 females/ female/ generation, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.200 females/ female/ day, the finite rate of increase (λ) was 1.222 population multiplication/ day, the mean generation time (T) was 12.2 days, and the doubling time (DT) was 3.5 days. The lower rm value of G. flumenis than that of its prey (0.24–0.48) explains why Banks grass mite escapes control by G. flumenis in field. These results suggest that augmentative release of this predator would offset the lower rm of the predator, thereby contributing to the control of Banks grass mite. Combined with the benefit of early releases determined in companion studies, future field studies with G. flumenis are being planned.

Acaricidal activity and sublethal effects of the microbial pesticide spinosad on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Međo ◽  
Bojan Stojnić ◽  
Dejan Marčić
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Leaf Discs ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Female Longevity ◽  
Microbial Pesticide

Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of the microbial pesticide spinosad to different life stages of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, as well as its sublethal effects on reproduction and population growth of this important mite pest. The biopesticide was applied to bean primary leaves or leaf discs carrying spider mites using a Potter spray tower (2.7 mg/cm2 aqueous deposit). The following LC50 and LC90 (mg/L) estimates for motile stages were obtained in acute toxicity bioassays: 27.52 and 116.72 (larvae), 36.55 and 136.20 (protonymphs), 82.76 and 721.28 (female deutonymphs), and 61.47 and 457.21 (adult females). Spinosad showed no significant ovicidal action: toxic effect observed after spraying eggs (LC50 = 105.78 mg/L, LC90 = 596.95 mg/L) was the result of its residual action on larvae that hatched from the treated eggs. The effects of spinosad on life history traits and population growth of adult female survivors from treatments with 240, 120 and 60 mg/L were evaluated in two successive 7-day bioassays on untreated leaf discs. In the first bioassay, females that survived treatments as 24 h old eggs and completed their juvenile development on treated leaves had significantly lower gross fecundity, net fecundity and instantaneous rate of increase (ri) but the reduction was merely 4–6%, 9–11%, and 2–3%, respectively. Female longevity was significantly reduced (approximately by half a day) only after treatment with 240 mg/L. In the second bioassay, in which females were treated during their pre-ovipositional period, the treatments with 240 and 120 mg/L significantly reduced their gross fecundity (16–17%), net fecundity (28–31%), ri values (8–9%) and female longevity (approximately by one day). Spinosad effects on the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and other demographic parameters were evaluated in two successive bioassays in which life tables were constructed for females that survived treatment with 120 mg/L at the egg stage (first demographic bioassay) or pre-ovipositional period (second demographic bioassay). In the first bioassay, the intrinsic rate of increase was significantly higher in treated (rm = 0.278) than control mites (rm = 0.267) as a result of higher net fertility at the beginning of reproduction of treated females. In the second bioassay, treated females had significantly lower rm than control females (0.254 and 0.283, respectively). The results obtained in this study indicate that spinosad, applied against insect pests (at field relevant rates of 60–240 mg/L), could eliminate a part of T. urticae population as well, but survivors would retain a significant potential for population recovery. 

Biology and population growth parameters of the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), on five host plant species

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.S. Nagrare ◽  
Bhausaheb Naikwadi ◽  
Vrushali Deshmukh ◽  
S. Kranthi
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Phenacoccus Solenopsis ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Cotton Mealybug ◽  
China Rose ◽  
Population Growth Parameters

Abstract The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is an invasive pest of cotton, apart from several other important crops, and poses a serious threat to agricultural economy all over the world. Studies on the biology and population growth parameters of P. solenopsis on the five most preferred host plants, namely cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) (Malvaceae), China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) (Malvaceae), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) (Solanaceae), congress grass (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) (Asteraceae) and okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) (Malvaceae) were undertaken in the laboratory under controlled temperature and relative humidity. The mean cumulative development time of females was 16.61 days on cotton, 14.16 days on China rose, 14.13 days on okra, 14.00 days on tomato and 13.57 days on congress grass. The longest oviposition period was recorded on cotton (15.20 ± 1.87 days), while it was in the range of 9-10 days in the remaining host plants. Females lived longer (27.40 ± 1.76 days) when reared on cotton, while their life was shortest on tomato (14.60 ± 0.96 days). The highest fecundity was observed on cotton (328.30 ± 23.42), whereas it was found to be in the range 178-212 on the other hosts. The survival frequency from crawler to adult in females was highest on cotton (27.53%), while it was the lowest on tomato (15.87%). The highest net reproductive rate (284.3 females/female/generation), mean length of a generation (31.24 days), and intrinsic rate of increase (0.19 day−1) were recorded on cotton. The finite rate of increase was in the range of 1.18-1.20 (females/female/day) for all the selected host plants. The weekly multiplication rate was highest on China rose and congress grass (3.78), while it was the least on tomato (3.28). The corrected generation time was dissimilar in all the selected host plants, being highest on cotton (31.39 days) and the least on congress grass (27.71 days). The doubling time was shortest on congress grass (3.61 days), while it was longest on tomato (4.11 days). Hence, the host plant species significantly affects population growth of P. solenopsis.

scholarly journals Artificial Diet Influences Population Growth of the Root Maggot Bradysia impatiens (Diptera: Sciaridae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuping Gou ◽  
Peter Quandahor ◽  
Kexin Zhang ◽  
Sufan Guo ◽  
Qiangyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Artificial Diets ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Bradysia Impatiens ◽  
Root Maggot

Abstract In order to investigate the effects of artificial diets on the population growth of root maggot Bradysia impatiens, its population growth parameters were assayed on eight artificial diets (Diet 1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, and D8). Results showed that developmental duration from egg to pupa was successfully completed on all eight artificial diets. However, the egg to pupal duration was shortest, while the survival rate of four insect stages was lowest when B. impatiens was reared on D1. When B. impatiens was reared on D7 and D8, the survival rate, female longevity, and female oviposition were higher than those reared on other diets. When B. impatiens was reared on D7, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm = 0.19/d), net reproductive rate (R0 = 39.88 offspring per individual), and finite rate of increase (λ = 1.21/d) were higher for its population growth with shorter generation time (T = 19.49 d) and doubling time (Dt = 3.67 d). The findings indicate that the D7 artificial diet is more appropriate for the biological parameters of B. impatiens and can be used an indoor breeding food for population expansion as well as further research. We propose that vitamin C supplement added to the D7 is critical for the improvement of the B. impatiens growth.

Population growth performance of Panonychus ulmi Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae) on different fruit trees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Kasap ◽  
Remzi Atlihan
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Finite Rate ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Rate Of Increase

The European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an important pest species on deciduous plants in Turkey, especially on apple. In this study, development, survival, and reproduction of European red mite, P. ulmi were studied on different host plants under laboratory conditions (25±2 °C,% 60±10 RH and16:8 L:D photoperiod). Population performance of P. ulmi was obtained on its different host plants including apple (Malus communis L.), quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.), cherry (Prunus avium L.), and sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L). The life history raw data of P. ulmi were analyzed by using the age-stage, two-sex life table. Results indicated that the highest net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and finite rate of increase as well as the longest mean generation time, were obtained on apple cv. Starking delicious. The population projection simulated by using life tables based on the 0.025th and 0.975th bootstrap results of the finite rate of increase displayed the same trend with population growth parameters. Results suggested that apple cv. Starking Delicious was the favorable host for P. ulmi, however, there is potential for the pest to become a serious pest on other host plants tested under favorable conditions.

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