scholarly journals Cement Concrete Mixture Performance Characterization

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-120
Author(s):  
Maxwell Chisala
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Mixture Design ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Response Models ◽  
Diffi Cult

The cementitious composite nature of concrete makes very diffi cult directly ascertaining each mixture-factors’ contribution to a given concrete mixture performance characteristics but also doubly diffi cult to accurately balance mutually exclusive requirements for performance (workability, strength, durability) and sustainability (the economic and effi cient use of materials) for mixture proportioning based on recipes of previously produced concretes. This study sought to quantify individual mixture-factors’ contribution to a given concrete mixture’s performance characteristics. Proposed multi-parametric exponential mixture-response models were fi tted to available test-performance data sets of HPC mixtures proportioned based on the best combined grade aggregate (minimum void) to generate mixture-strength and mixture-porosity development (age-mixture response relationships) profi les of HPC mixtures and deemed robust enough to yield reliable determination of mixture-response rate-parameters So, Sp, Si and Po, Pp, Pi as functions of mixture-factors that permitted reliable quantifi cation of contributions to HPC mixture performance of individual mixture-factors and optimization of mixture properties under study over the study domain. Mixture-response sensitivity analysis models (or mixture response trace plots) to allow construction of mixture-factor envelopes and ultimately optimized mixture-response models to facilitate selection of optimal mixture-factors and optimal tailoring of HPC mixture requirements to HPC mixture performance were developed and used to obtain optimized adapted HPC mixtures from available high performance concrete (HPC) mixture design recipes investigated in the study over the study domain. Adapted HPC mixture design recipes yielded alternative mixture compositions with improved performance and effi ciency characteristics with statistical performance metrics MAPE, NMBE and RMSE values of 7.6%,–3.7% and 6.5 MPa, respectively.

Impact of Steel Fibers on Workability and Properties of UHPC

2016 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Rydval ◽  
Tomáš Bittner ◽  
Jiří Kolísko ◽  
Šárka Nenadálová
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fresh Concrete ◽  
Mixture Design ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Hardened Cement ◽  
The Impact

This paper is focused on properties of fresh and hardened cement-based composite Ultra-High Performance Concrete with regard to different volume fraction of short brass coated steel fibers BASF MASTERFIBER® 482. Workability of fresh concrete and basic mechanical properties (tensile strength in bending, compressive strength) of hardened UHPC were found out. The workability of fresh concrete was measured by small mortar Haegermann cone. Percentage differences at cost were obtained at hardened concrete, too. The aim of the first experimental part of the research was the impact of volume fraction of steel fibers according to workability of fresh concrete and also according to mechanical properties of hardened UHPC with the same volume fraction of each component of the mixture, only the volume fraction of the steel fibers was different at each mixture. The mixture design of UHPC was changed to maintaining the workability of fresh concrete at the second part of the research. The workability at mixture with dosage of steel fibers of 300 kg/m3 measured by Haegermann cone was around 300 mm. In the framework of grant project GAČR 15-05791S the basic mechanical properties of hardened fine-grained cementitious composite material UHPC at small beams size of 160/40/40 mm and beams size 300/70/70 mm were determined. The aim of the research project was not only the determination of basic mechanical properties for each mixture design but also workability assessment and costs linked with higher amount of the volume fracture of steel fibers.

scholarly journals Effect of added the polycarboxylate ether on slump retention and compressive strength of the high-performance concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 01020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonbi Jonbi ◽  
Resti Nur Arini ◽  
Basori Anwar ◽  
Mohamad Ali Fulazzaky
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Concrete Sample ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Polycarboxylate Ether ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Durability Of Concrete

It is well known that workability of high performance concrete (HPC) is dependent on slump value of concrete mixture. Moreover, slump retention is the most sensitive compared to a well-known slump value because it represents the durability of concrete mixture for its applications in the field of civil engineering. This research used the polycarboxylate ether (PCE) to increase slump value of concrete mixture and then verified the effect of PCE on the slump retention and compressive strength of different high-performance concretes. 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% of PCE were added into concrete mixture to yield a minimum compressive strength of f’c 50 MPa. The slump retention tests were performed at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 minutes while the compressive strength tests were carried out at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days for every concrete sample. The result findings showed that the optimal concrete performance can be achieved by adding 2% of PCE to reach at a slump retention value of 45 minutes and a compressive strength of 53.84 MPa. Effect of PCE on the slump retention and compressive strength has been verified to contribute an insight into the application of a proper designed workability of HPC.

Developing High-Performance Concrete Mix for New York State Bridge Decks

1996 ◽  
Vol 1532 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald A. Streeter
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Bridge Decks ◽  
New York State ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Increased Strength ◽  
Testing Field ◽  
Class F Fly Ash

The development and implementation of a more durable concrete mixture for bridge decks are described. The work began with review and evaluation of published results of research conducted by others and resulted in a new concrete mixture that has been designated Class HP for high performance. It has better handling and workability characteristics, improved resistance to chloride intrusion, and greater resistance to cracking, and it displays little or no surface scaling. Increased strength was not a primary concern in producing a high-performance concrete for bridge decks, but greater ultimate strength was nevertheless achieved. Class HP concrete is a modification of New York State's standard Class H concrete, incorporating two pozzolan substitutions for cement—20 percent Class F fly ash and 6 percent microsilica. On the basis of satisfactory laboratory testing, field trial, and field production it is being recommended for use statewide. Initial increases in cost are expected to be minimized as concrete producers and contractors become familiar with its mixing and placement. The first-cost increase will be easily offset by more than doubling service life expectancy. Further investigation is progressing to optimize performance of Class HP concrete in bridge decks and for its use in other concrete applications.

Applying Statistical Methods for Further Improvement of High-Performance Concrete for New York State Bridge Decks

1997 ◽  
Vol 1574 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Bajorski ◽  
Donald A. Streeter ◽  
Robert J. Perry
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Bridge Decks ◽  
New York State ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
York State

A new concrete mixture designated “Class HP” for high-performance has been developed for bridge decks in New York State. A modification of the state’s standard Class H concrete, it has better handling and workability characteristics, reduced permeability, and greater resistance to cracking and displays little or no surface scaling. These improvements have potential to result in twice the previously expected concrete service life. The mixture incorporates substitutions for cement of 20 percent Class F fly ash and 6 percent microsilica. It has now been established as the required concrete mixture for all decks built by the New York State Department of Transportation. Its successful implementation has triggered further research toward an even better mixture. An experiment was designed and performed to investigate the effects on cracking and permeability of microsilica and fly ash content, as well as the effects of total weight of cementitious materials. Experimental designs allowed investigation of a broad range of possible combinations while only a limited number of mixtures were tested. Statistical analysis of experimental data is presented and some concrete mixes are recommended for further study, especially those having 10 to 25 percent fly ash, 11 to 12 percent microsilica, and 327 to 375 kg/m3 (550 to 630 lb/yd3) of cementitious materials, and also those with 20 to 35 percent fly ash, 4 to 6 percent microsilica, and 392 to 428 kg/m3 (660 to 720 lb/yd3) of cementitious materials.

Preparation of C80~C100 High Performance Concrete and the Ultrahigh Pumping Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 919-921 ◽  
pp. 1830-1835
Author(s):  
Li Bin Xu ◽  
Nai Qian Feng ◽  
Ideris Zakaria ◽  
Bin Xing Wu
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Viscous Resistance ◽  
The West ◽  
Strength Concrete

The high strength and high performance concrete C80~C100 is popularly used nowadays, especially in the West-Tower Project of Gungzhou. In order to provide reference for the use of high strength concrete and the development of ultrahigh pumping technology, the following six aspects were studied, namely the preparation of high strength concrete, the variation of the concrete mixture under high pressure, the index of the ultrahigh pumping concrete, the change after the pumping, the loss of the pumping pressure and the measurement of the pumping viscous resistance.

Mixture design methods for ultra-high-performance concrete - a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 104242
Author(s):  
Min Zhou ◽  
Zemei Wu ◽  
Xue Ouyang ◽  
Xiang Hu ◽  
Caijun Shi
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Mixture Design ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete

92-MPa Air-Entrained High-Performance Concrete Using Tennessee Materials

2000 ◽  
Vol 1698 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. K. Crouch ◽  
Heather J. Sauter ◽  
Jacob A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Mixture Design ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Static Modulus ◽  
Static Modulus Of Elasticity

An air-entrained high-performance concrete (HPC) mixture design for prestressed bridge beams was developed in an attempt to interest the Tennessee Department of Transportation. The mixture contained locally available, 19-mm maximum-size limestone as the coarse aggregate and a manufactured limestone fine aggregate. A dense, combined aggregate gradation was used to lower water demand and thus enhance durability. Type II portland cement, microsilica, and Class C fly ash were used as binder materials. The resulting w/(c + p) was 0.22. Twelve 0.028-m3 batches of the HPC were mixed for the study. The mixture design produced an average air content of 4.1 percent and an average slump of 72 mm. Although it contained 4.1 percent air, the mixture remained very dense, with an average unit weight of 2422 kg/m3. Average compressive strengths of 72.6, 63.3, 84.8, and 92.9 MPa were achieved at simulated release at 7, 28, and 56 days, respectively. Measured static modulus of elasticity at 28 days agreed with ACI 363R-92 equations within 2 percent. Further, after 600 freezing and thawing cycles, the average durability factor of two prismatic specimens was 100, and visible damage was minimal.

A review on ultra high performance concrete: Part I. Raw materials and mixture design

2015 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 741-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caijun Shi ◽  
Zemei Wu ◽  
Jianfan Xiao ◽  
Dehui Wang ◽  
Zhengyu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mixture Design ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Concrete Part

Mix design of high performance concrete with different mineral additions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Hadji ◽  
Salim Guettala ◽  
Michèle Quéneudec
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Mixture Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Complementary Effect ◽  
Statistical Variation ◽  
Natural Pozzolana ◽  
Mineral Additions

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the modeling of statistical variation of experimental data using the design of experiments method to optimize the formulation of a high performance concrete (HPC) using materials that are locally available in Algeria. For this, two mineral additions (natural pozzolana and limestone filler [LF]) were used. Both additions are added by substitution of cement up to 25%. To better appreciate the effect of replacing a part of cement by natural pozzolana and LF and to optimize their combined effect on the characteristics of HPC, an effective analytical method is therefore needed to reach the required objective. Design/methodology/approach The experimental part of the study consisted of substituting a portion of cement by various proportions of these additions to assess their effects on the physico-mechanical characteristics of HPC. A mixture design with three factors and five levels was carried out. The JMP7 software was used to provide mathematical models for the statistical variation of measured values and to perform a statistical analysis. These models made it possible to show the contribution of the three factors and their interactions in the variation of the response. Findings The mixture design approach made it possible to visualize the influence of LF and pozzolanic filler (PF) on the physico-mechanical characteristics of HPC, the developed models present good correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.82) for all studied responses. The obtained results indicated that it is quite possible to substitute a part of cement with LF and PF in the formulation of a HPC. Thanks to the complementary effect between the two additions, the workability could be improved and the strengths drop could be avoided in the short, medium and long term. The optimization of mixture design factors based on the mathematical models was carried out to select the appropriate factors combinations; a good agreement between the experimental results and the predicted results was obtained. Originality/value The coefficient of PF in Cs28 model is closer to that of LF than in Cs7 model, thanks to the complementary effect between LF and PF at the age of 28 days. It was found that the optimal HPC14 concrete (10%LF–5%PF) provides the best compromise between the three responses. It is also worth noting that the use of these two local materials can reduce the manufacturing costs of HPC and reduce carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. This can be an important economic and environmental alternative.

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