Analysis of Factor Variance: One-Way Classification

1966 ◽  
Vol 23 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1209-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel R. Pinneau ◽  
Anson J. Levine ◽  
Bryce C. Schurr ◽  
Donald C. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Simple Analysis ◽  
Total Correlation ◽  
Response Measures ◽  
Space Economy ◽  
Q Factors

A method of analyzing M response measures gathered in a simple analysis of variance design has been suggested. The first step is a factor analysis of the M by M total correlation matrix with rotation to “simple structure” and the extraction of Q factors with uncorrelated factor scores. Secondly, separate analyses of variance are performed on each of the Q sets of factor scores. Some advantages are knowledge of the structure of the response space, economy of description, and orthogonality of response factor measurements.

The Structure Among Measures of Personality, Social Attitudes, Values, and Social Norms

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lazar Stankov
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences ◽  
Inside Out

Abstract. This paper presents the results of a study that employed measures of personality, social attitudes, values, and social norms that have been the focus of recent research in individual differences. These measures were given to a sample of participants (N = 1,255) who were enrolled at 25 US colleges and universities. Factor analysis of the correlation matrix produced four factors. Three of these factors corresponded to the domains of Personality/Amoral Social Attitudes, Values, and Social Norms; one factor, Conservatism, cut across the domains. Cognitive ability showed negative correlation with conservatism and amoral social attitudes. The study also examined gender and ethnic group differences on factor scores. The overall interpretation of the findings is consistent with the inside-out view of human social interactions.

Sex Differences in Motive to Avoid Success on Competitive or Cooperative Action

1982 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotsugu Yamauchi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Factor Score ◽  
Principal Factor ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Principal Factor Analysis ◽  
Cooperative Action ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Female Subjects

To find out the factorial dimensions among achievement-related motives (motive to approach success, motive to avoid failure, and motive to avoid success) and to provide information about the relation of the motive to avoid success to cooperative action 62 male and 62 female subjects were administered ARM Scale. Four factors were extracted by the principal-factor analysis from the correlation matrix, and the factors were rotated by a normalized varimax criterion. Two of these factors contained the motive to avoid success. Four factor scores were computed for each subject using the varimax factor weights obtained in the factor analysis. Sex differences in each factor score were not significant. The number of cooperative actions on Prisoner's Dilemma Game was defined as a score of cooperative tendency. Sex differences in the mean cooperative score were not significant. It is interesting to note, however, that the relationships between the denying attitude for attaining success and the cooperative tendency were significant for females but not for males.

A Comparison of Simple Structure Rotation Criteria in Temporal Exploratory Factor Analysis for Event-Related Potential Data

Methodology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 43-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Scharf ◽  
Steffen Nestler
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Factor Rotation ◽  
Rotation Methods ◽  
Simple Structure Rotation ◽  
Temporal Overlap

Abstract. It is challenging to apply exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to event-related potential (ERP) data because such data are characterized by substantial temporal overlap (i.e., large cross-loadings) between the factors, and, because researchers are typically interested in the results of subsequent analyses (e.g., experimental condition effects on the level of the factor scores). In this context, relatively small deviations in the estimated factor solution from the unknown ground truth may result in substantially biased estimates of condition effects (rotation bias). Thus, in order to apply EFA to ERP data researchers need rotation methods that are able to both recover perfect simple structure where it exists and to tolerate substantial cross-loadings between the factors where appropriate. We had two aims in the present paper. First, to extend previous research, we wanted to better understand the behavior of the rotation bias for typical ERP data. To this end, we compared the performance of a variety of factor rotation methods under conditions of varying amounts of temporal overlap between the factors. Second, we wanted to investigate whether the recently proposed component loss rotation is better able to decrease the bias than traditional simple structure rotation. The results showed that no single rotation method was generally superior across all conditions. Component loss rotation showed the best all-round performance across the investigated conditions. We conclude that Component loss rotation is a suitable alternative to simple structure rotation. We discuss this result in the light of recently proposed sparse factor analysis approaches.

Professional Stress among Junior Commissioned Officers and Non Commissioned Officers of Indian Military Intelligence – A Case Study

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
Dr. S. S. Nirmala ◽  
Dr. N. Kogila ◽  
T. Porkodi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Military Intelligence ◽  
Sphericity Test ◽  
Professional Stress ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The present study is focusing on the professional stress on organisation among the Junior Commissioned Officers (JCOs) and Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs) of Indian Military Intelligence. 384 samples of Military Intelligence personnel will be taken for this study. Sources of data is Primary data include a structured questionnaire. Data was collected through structured questionnaire and measure through Likert’s scale, using KMO measure of sampling adequacy, Cronbach’s alpha for checking internal consistency, Bartlett sphericity test for testing the null hypothesis and various factor analysis including Eigenvalues, Extract square Sum loading, variance percent and Accumulation percent values relative comparison and Correlation matrix will be used as tools to arrive at desired results and statistical interpretations. The hypotheses put for test and the resultant values at 0.01 and 0.05 (for different factors) clearly indicated that there is an existence of association between different level of cadres and professional stress among personnel of Indian Military Intelligence. The authority who can formulate the rules and regulations and binding them on the lower cadres and professions to accept and adopt.

Factor Analysis and Reliability of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1323-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Atienza ◽  
Isabel Balaguer ◽  
Maria Luisa Garcia-Merita
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Movement Imagery ◽  
Estimate Reliability ◽  
Kinesthetic Imagery

The purpose of this work was to analyze the factor structure, estimate reliability of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire of Hall and Pongrac, and examine differences between men and women on factor scores. The results for 63 men and 47 women supported the bifactorial structure and reliability of this self-report and its adequacy in comparisons of visual and kinesthetic imagery scores.

scholarly journals The appropriateness of sum scores as estimates of factor scores in the multiple factor analysis of ordered-categorical responses.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pere Ferrando ◽  
Urbano Lorenzo-Seva
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Multiple Factor Analysis ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Categorical Responses ◽  
Sum Scores ◽  
Biased Estimates ◽  
Ordered Categorical ◽  
Multiple Factor

<p>Unit-weight sum scores (UWSSs) are routinely used as estimates of factor scores on the basis of solutions obtained with the non-linear exploratory factor analysis (EFA) model for ordered-categorical responses. Theoretically, this practice results in a loss of information and accuracy, and is expected to lead to biased estimates. However, the practical relevance of these limitations is far from clear. In this article we adopt an empirical view, and propose indices and procedures (some of them new) for assessing the appropriateness of UWSSs in non-linear EFA applications. A new automated approach for obtaining UWSSs that maximize fidelity and correlational accuracy is proposed. The appropriateness of UWSSs under different conditions and the behavior of the present proposal in comparison with other more common approaches are assessed with a simulation study. A tutorial for interested practitioners is presented using an illustrative example based on a well-known personality questionnaire. All the procedures proposed in the article have been implemented in a well-known noncommercial EFA program. </p>

scholarly journals Reliability and validity evaluation of the chinese version of the ethical sensitivity questionnaire for nursing students

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Yu ◽  
Tong Tong ◽  
Ye Gao ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Huijuan Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Ethical Sensitivity ◽  
Alpha Coefficient ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Cronbach Alpha Coefficient ◽  
Total Correlation

Abstract Background Advances in technology and the expansion of nursing roles have led to complex ethical issues in nursing. Nursing students are the future clinical nursing workers and practitioners. The ethical sensitivity of nursing students is very important to the professional development of nursing students, which can strengthen the ethical cognition of nursing students, improve the ethical decision-making ability of nursing students, and is beneficial to the development of nursing students in the process of clinical practice and nursing education. However, there are no instruments to evaluate the ethical sensitivity of nursing students in China. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Ethical Sensitivity Questionnaire for Nursing Students (ESQ-NS). Methods After obtaining the authorization of the author of the original scale, the study used the Brislin back-translation method for translation. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to examine the underlying factor structure of the translated questionnaire. The Cronbach alpha coefficient, the test-retest reliability, and the corrected item-total correlation were calculated to verify the internal consistency of the scale. Results The Chinese version of ESQ-NS retained 13 items. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) extracts four common factors, and the cumulative variance contribution rate is 62.479%. The CFA reached the adaptive standard, and the discriminant validity of the scale was good. The Cronbach alpha coefficient of this scale was 0.821, and 4 dimensions were between 0.708 and 0.738. The results of the test-retest showed that Pearson’s correlation coefficient of the overall ESQ-NS was 0.814. Corrected item-total correlation ranged from 0.337 to 0.542. Conclusions The Chinese version of the ESQ-NS has good reliability and validity, which can be used to evaluate the level of ethical sensitivity of nursing students in China.

Heredity and Environment in Phoneme Articulation: Hereditary and Environmental Contributions to Articulation Proficiency

1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
W. E. Dixon ◽  
A. P. Matheny ◽  
S. R. Mohr
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Behavioral Genetics ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
The Individual

AbstractLarge twin samples and recent applications of multiple regression techniques to behavioral genetics methodology makes possible evaluation of genetic and environmental contributions to the articulation proficiency of individual phonemes. Factor analysis of the articulation scores from 256 MZ and DZ twins and 124 of their non-twin siblings (all children ranged from 2; 11 to 9; 8 years) were conducted to reduce a 50-item articulation test to a more manageable set of five articulation factors. The twins' factor scores were then analyzed using multiple regression procedures to determine the extent to which the individual factors resulted from genetic and/or environmental influences. The /r/ and /∫, t∫, dƺ/ factors were found to have strong genetic components, while the /l, j, w/ factor was found to be strongly influenced by environmental sources of variation.

Development of the Anxiety Scale for Chemistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Canan Kocak Altunday ◽  
Aysem Seda Yucel
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Total Correlation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Keywords Anxiety

Chemistry as a subject is seen by many students as an abstract and difficult lesson that bears no relationship to life. This study aimed to develop an ‘Anxiety Scale for Chemistry’, which is essential to setting an alternative for existing tools to determine anxiety for chemistry of students. This study has been carried out to develop a tool to measure the level of anxiety of students studying in the high schools in Turkey. The scale was developed as a result of the following processes: literature scan and creation of the item pool, taking expert opinions, item-total correlation, item distinctiveness features, exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency reliability, examination of correlation between sub-dimensions and confirmatory factor analysis. According to the results obtained, the scale is acceptably reliable for the research in social sciences. This study recommends that the Anxiety Scale for Chemistry should be administered to students of other fields also. Keywords: Anxiety, scale, chemistry, reliability, validity, factor analysis.

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