Comparison of Self-Report and Performance Measures of Attention

1977 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Turner ◽  
Lunell Gilliland
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavioral Measure ◽  
Interpersonal Style ◽  
And Performance

The attentional scales of the Test of Attentional and Interpersonal Style were correlated with performance measures of attention, the Digit Span and Block Design subtests of the WAIS. Of the 24 correlations computed only one was statistically significant. The need for the construct validity of these scales to be established against some behavioral measure of attentional focus was emphasized.

Comparison of Self-Report and Performance Measures of Attention: A Second Look

1977 ◽  
Vol 45 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1291-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Nideffer
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Interpersonal Style ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Second Look ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Selection Of

The present study examined the failure of earlier researchers to find relationships between the Test of Attentional and Interpersonal Style and behavioral measures of attentional processes. Data are presented which illustrate the attenuation in correlations as a result of improper selection of subjects. When this problem is addressed, the predicted relationships between subjective and behavioral measures of attention are obtained. Results provide additional evidence of construct validity for the Test of Attentional and Interpersonal Style.

Physical Functioning: Self-Report and Performance Measures Are Related but Distinct

Spine ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (20) ◽  
pp. 2407-2413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriët Wittink ◽  
William Rogers ◽  
Andrew Sukiennik ◽  
Daniel B. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Self Report ◽  
And Performance

Relationship between Self-Report and Performance Measures of Function: A Systematic Review

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Coman ◽  
Julie Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Similar Assessment

ABSTRACTThe authors conducted a systematic review of studies examining correlations between assessments of function obtained using self-report and those obtained using performance-based measures for community-dwelling older adults.METHODSArticles for this review were identified using electronic searching in MEDLINE, CINHAL, and AGELINE and hand-searching techniques. Two reviewers selected the studies that met the inclusion criteria, extracted the data, and assessed the methodological quality of the data.RESULTSSeventeen studies met the inclusion criteria for review. Correlations between self-report and performance ranged from −0.72 to 0.60. Sixty per cent of the studies compared self-report instruments measuring disability with performance measures addressing functional limitations. In studies that assessed the same functional tasks and functional limitations using the two methods, the correlation varied between 0.60 and 0.86.CONCLUSIONWhen the construct measured by the two methods was the same, the correlations were moderate to large and, therefore, measurement of functional limitations by self-report or performance probably reflected a similar assessment of function.

scholarly journals Quantifying Self-Report Measures' Overestimation of Mobility Scores Postarthroplasty

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1288-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Stratford ◽  
Deborah M. Kennedy ◽  
Monica R. Maly ◽  
Norma J. MacIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Background Self-reports of function may systematically overestimate the ability of patients to move around postarthroplasty. Objective The purpose of this study was to estimate the magnitude of systematic differences in Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index physical function subscale (WOMAC-PF) scores before and after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA) by referencing the values to Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) distances and Timed “Up & Go” Test (TUG) times. Design This study was a secondary analysis of data from a prospective cohort study. Methods The LEFS, WOMAC, 6MWT, and TUG were administered to 85 patients prearthroplasty and once at 9 to 13 weeks postarthroplasty. Regression analysis was applied using a robust error term for clustered data. With the self-report measures as dependent variables and performance measures, occasion (prearthroplasty or postarthroplasty), and performance measure-by-occasion as independent variables, 3 propositions were examined: (1) the relationship between self-report and performance measures is identical prearthroplasty and postarthroplasty (ie, regression lines are coincident); (2) the relationship differs between occasions, but is consistent (ie, regression lines are parallel); (3) the relationship is not consistent (ie, the regression lines are not parallel). Results For all analyses, the results supported the second proposition (ie, the relationship differed between occasions, but was consistent). The systematic differences varied by location of arthroplasty, but were similar for both performance tests. For the LEFS, the difference was approximately 11 points for patients who received TKA and 13 points for patients who received THA. For the WOMAC-PF, the difference was approximately 12 points for patients who received TKA and 19 points for patients who received THA. These differences exceed the minimal clinically important change for an individual patient. Limitations The findings are specific to 9 to 13 weeks postarthroplasty. Conclusion Dependence on scores of self-report measures alone, without knowledge of the magnitude of the identified systematic differences, will result in overestimating the ability of patients to move around postarthroplasty.

Neuropsychological Significance of Children's Wechsler Intelligence Scores

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 787-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph T. Kunce ◽  
Robert C. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Language Disability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Psychological Conditions ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Intelligence Scores

The relationships of Wechsler test scores (WISC and WISC-R) to 6 neuropsychological conditions in one sample of children ( N = 120) were compared to those of a second sample ( N = 36). Only 6 of the 84 IQ-diagnosis correlations showed comparable relationships in both samples. These consistent correlations were: Arithmetic and Digit Span scores with auditory perceptual dysfunction; Block Design with visual perceptual dysfunction; Verbal IQ with speech and language disability and with auditory perceptual dysfunction; and Performance IQ with visual perceptual dysfunction. The notable lack of consistency of most correlations obtained across the two samples for the test scores to diagnoses of minimal brain dysfunction, hyperkinesis, and learning disability suggests that (a) these diagnoses need greater specificity and definitiveness if they are to relate meaningfully to cognitive dysfunction or that (b) the Wechsler subtests are not sufficiently sensitive to these neuro-psychological conditions to have diagnostic significance for children of average intelligence.

On-shift and daily variations in self-report and performance measures in rotating-shift and permanent night nurses

Work & Stress ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Totterdell ◽  
Evelien Spelten ◽  
Jane Barton ◽  
Lawrence Smith ◽  
Simon Folkard
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Daily Variations ◽  
And Performance

The Dark Triad and Trait Versus Ability Emotional Intelligence

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Jauk ◽  
H. Harald Freudenthaler ◽  
Aljoscha C. Neubauer
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Ability Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Lower Ability ◽  
And Performance

Abstract. A growing body of studies investigates emotional intelligence (EI) in relation to the Dark Triad (DT) personality traits. DT traits seem to be generally associated with lower EI, but findings are still inconsistent, especially with respect to narcissism. The vast majority of studies investigating EI correlates of DT traits relied on self-report measures in terms of trait EI. Currently, there are only sparse reports of relationships between DT traits, trait EI, and performance measures of ability EI. Thus, we investigated the relationships between these constructs in a sample of N = 540 individuals. We performed analyses separately for both sexes as recent research indicates that correlations might differ between women and men. Results showed that in women, reduced trait and ability EI are linked to psychopathy, but not the other DT traits. In men, the pattern of results was more complex: Narcissism was primarily related to lower ability EI, whereas psychopathy was primarily associated with lower trait EI. Machiavellianism was related to higher levels of trait EI in men. These findings suggest that among the DT traits, psychopathy goes along with reduced EI in women, whereas in men narcissism is associated with lower ability EI.

scholarly journals The Utility of Parent Report in the Assessment of Working Memory among Childhood Brain Tumor Survivors

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn A. Howarth ◽  
Jason M. Ashford ◽  
Thomas E. Merchant ◽  
Robert J. Ogg ◽  
Victor Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Childhood Brain Tumor ◽  
Conformal Radiation Therapy ◽  
Search Tasks ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Performance

AbstractChildhood brain tumor survivors are at increased risk for neurocognitive impairments, including working memory (WM) problems. WM is typically assessed using performance measures. Little is known about the value of parent ratings for identifying WM difficulties, the relationship between rater and performance measures, or predictors of parent-reported WM problems in this population. Accordingly, the current study examined the utility of parent report in detecting WM difficulties among childhood brain tumor survivors treated with conformal radiation therapy (n = 50) relative to siblings (n = 40) and solid tumor survivors not receiving central nervous system-directed therapy (n = 40). Parents completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). Participants were administered WM measures (digit span, self-ordered search tasks). Findings revealed parents rated brain tumor survivors as having significantly more WM problems (p < .01) compared to controls. However, the BRIEF-WM scale demonstrated poor sensitivity and specificity for detecting performance-based problems. Significant, albeit modest, correlations were found between the BRIEF-WM scale and performance measures (r = −.24–.22; p < .05) for the combined group. Age at testing, socioeconomic status, and IQ were significant predictors of parent reported WM problems. Rater and performance measures offer complimentary yet different information in assessing WM, which reiterates the importance of using both within the context of clinical assessment. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–10)

Treatment of Test Anxiety by Applied Relaxation and Cue-Controlled Relaxation

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1287-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy A. Barrios ◽  
Earl J. Ginter ◽  
Joseph J. Scalise ◽  
Francis G. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Applied Relaxation ◽  
Anxiety Behavior ◽  
Behavior Scale ◽  
And Performance

Several procedures have been used to produce relaxation and thus reduce test anxiety. The purpose of this study was to compare three types of treatment of test anxiety: applied relaxation, cognitive cue-controlled relaxation, and conditioned cue-controlled relaxation. Also, cognitive and conditioning explanations for the two cue-controlled treatments were explored Subjects were female undergraduates ( N = 18) scoring in the upper 15% of the distribution of 1,055 students completing the Suinn Test Anxiety Behavior Scale. Pre- and post-treatment scores on several self-report and performance measures of anxiety were used to evaluate the efficiency of each technique. Most statistically significant changes were obtained in the applied relaxation group. No significant differences were found between the two cue-controlled procedures used in the study. Recommendations concerning future investigations are discussed; specific procedural modifications for future studies are outlined.

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