Time Estimation in Some Group Situations

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Vezio Ruggieri ◽  
Antonia Guerrera
Keyword(s):  
Time Estimation ◽  
Task Group ◽  
Subjective Estimation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group Situation ◽  
Estimation Of Time

The subjective estimations of long durations of time were studied for two different types of experience, an analytically oriented (Bionian) group situation and a task group. In each group were 15 subjects. Significant differences emerge in estimations of duration of time for the two situations. Whereas for the task group there are no substantial errors in the subjective estimation of time, the analytically oriented group shows notable oscillations with respect to different cognitive and emotional situations which, from time to time, characterize the group situation.

The Impact of Video Speed on the Estimation of Time Duration in Sport

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lisa-Marie Schütz ◽  
Geoffrey Schweizer ◽  
Henning Plessner
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Slow Motion ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Video Presentation ◽  
Sporting Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Estimation Of Time

The authors investigated the impact of video speed on judging the duration of sport performance. In three experiments, they investigated whether the speed of video presentation (slow motion vs. real time) has an influence on the accuracy of time estimation of sporting activities (n1 = 103; n2 = 100; n3 = 106). In all three studies, the time estimation was more accurate in real time than in slow motion, in which time was overestimated. In two studies, the authors initially investigated whether actions in slow motion are perceived to last longer because the distance they cycled or ran is perceived to be longer (n4 = 92; n5 = 106). The results support the hypothesis that the duration of sporting activities is estimated more accurately when they are presented in real time than in slow motion. Sporting officials’ judgments that require accurate time estimation may thus be biased when based on slow-motion displays.

Real-time estimation of time-dependent imposed heat flux in graded index media by KF-RLSE algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Wen ◽  
Hong Qi ◽  
Xiao-Ying Yu ◽  
Ya-Tao Ren ◽  
Lin-Yang Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Graded Index ◽  
Real Time Estimation ◽  
Estimation Of Time

scholarly journals Implementation of the integrated approach in different types of exposure scenarios

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 304-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Copplestone ◽  
G. Hirth ◽  
M. Johansen ◽  
E. Lazo ◽  
J. Takala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Task Group ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Protective Actions ◽  
Different Types

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recognises three types of exposure situations: planned, existing, and emergency. In all three situations, the release of radionuclides into the natural environment leads to exposures of non-human biota, as well as the potential for exposures of the public. This paper describes how the key principles of the ICRP system of radiological protection apply to non-human biota and members of the public in each of these exposure situations. Current work in this area within ICRP Task Group 105 is highlighted. For example, how simplified numeric criteria may be used in planned exposure situations that are protective of both the public and non-human biota. In emergency exposure situations, the initial response will always be focused on human protection; however, understanding the potential impacts of radionuclide releases on non-human biota will likely become important in terms of communication as governments and the public seek to understand the exposures that are occurring. For existing exposure situations, there is a need to better understand the potential impacts of radionuclides on animals and plants, especially when deciding on protective actions. Understanding the comparative impacts from radiological, non-radiological, and physical aspects is often important in managing the remediation of legacy sites. Task Group 105 is making use of case studies of how exposure situations have been managed in the past to provide additional guidance and advice for the protection of non-human biota.

scholarly journals How to Be Proactive About Interference

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony A. Wright ◽  
Jeffrey S. Katz ◽  
Wei Ji Ma
Keyword(s):  
Proactive Interference ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Model System ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Recent Trial ◽  
Current Trial ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Two Delays

Processes of proactive interference were explored using the pigeon as a model system of memory. This study shows that proactive interference extends back in time at least 16 trials (and as many minutes), revealing a continuum of interference and providing a framework for studying memory. Pigeons were tested in a delayed same/different task containing trial-unique pictures. On interference trials, sample pictures from previous trials reappeared as test pictures on different trials. Proactive-interference functions showed greatest interference from the most recent trial and with the longer of two delays (10 s vs. 1 s). These interference functions are accounted for by a time-estimation model based on signal detection theory. The model predicts that accuracy at test is determined solely by the ratio of the elapsed time since the offset of the current-trial sample to the elapsed time since the offset of the interfering sample. Implications for comparing memory of different species and different types of memory (e.g., familiarity vs. recollection) are discussed.

CONTROL SYSTEMS WITH TRANSPORT DELAY

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Kula ◽  
Georgi Ruzhekov
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Reference Object ◽  
Transport Delay ◽  
Scada System ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Estimation Of Time

A hybrid system is being developed. The plant is realized in MATLAB, works in real time. The control system uses an industrial controller and a SCADA system. Estimation of time-delay, modelling of reference object and autotune is performed. The developed hybrid system gives opportunities for research different types of regulators for plants with big time-delay.

Estimation of Time and the Subclassification of Schizophrenic Disorders

1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 911-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart Tysk
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Verbal Estimation ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Estimation Of Time

Estimation of short time intervals by 60 healthy subjects, 50 patients with schizophrenic disorders, and 8 with schizotypal personality disorders, was investigated using the three different methods, adjusting a metronome, verbal estimation, and operative estimation (production). The schizophrenic patients tended to over-estimate time with all three methods. Over-estimation was also found when longer intervals were studied. Patients with different types of schizophrenic disorders, classified according to DSM-III criteria, over-estimated time about the same; no significant differences were found. Different courses of schizophrenia were also studied. Patients in remission over-estimated time to the same extent as chronic patients; the subchronic patients probably over-estimated less. Schizotypal personality disorders did not seem to be associated with a tendency to over-estimate short time intervals. The results were discussed in the context of perceptual disturbances in schizophrenic disorders.

Real-Time Estimation of Time-Varying Bending Modes Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Arrays

AIAA Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Jiang ◽  
Bartel van der Veek ◽  
Daniel Kirk ◽  
Hector Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Real Time Estimation ◽  
Bending Modes ◽  
Bragg Grating Sensor ◽  
Estimation Of Time

Influence of Type of Stressor and Sex of Subject on Time Estimation

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger P. Greenberg ◽  
Ronald B. Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Estimation Of Time ◽  
Fixed Period

90 Ss estimated a fixed period of time under a no-stress condition and either a failure, pacing, or another no-stress condition. The results showed that men under failure reduced their estimates of the passage of time significantly more than women under failure and significantly more than men under pacing. These results were discussed primarily in terms of differential arousal of achievement motivation by the two stressors and differences between the sexes in achievement motivation. Results seem to support the hypothesis that unique stress-producing operations lead to unique effects on estimation of time. Further, the results highlight the role of sex in such research.

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