The Differential Diagnostic Technique, a Visual Motor Projective Test

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Weininger
Keyword(s):  
Objective Measure ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Projective Test ◽  
Diagnostic Use ◽  
Projective Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Differential Diagnostic Technique

The Differential Diagnostic Technique is a projective drawing test in which the individual is asked to copy 14 figures, presented one at a time. Research indicates the usefulness of the test as an objective measure of personality and points to its diagnostic use for certain neuropsychological problems and in research.

The Differential Diagnostic Technique: A Visual-Motor Projective Test: Further Research

1989 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Weininger
Keyword(s):  
Objective Measure ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Projective Test ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Differential Diagnostic Technique

Within a wide variety of research settings and problems investigation the Differential Diagnostic Technique continues to indicate its usefulness as an objective measure of certain personality characteristics.

Comprehensive assessment of the citizen wellbeing in the territory of residence: taking into account the changing influence of indicators economic security

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-502
Author(s):  
Alexsandr Kuklin ◽  
Sergey Okhotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
Current Assessment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual

The article considers a generalizing characteristic of the citizen's wellbeing in the territory of residence, assesses indicators based on statistical data, and makes adjustments due to safety indicators. The author's diagnostic technique was used, which includes corrective indicators. For this purpose, the method of express diagnostics was applied, which made it possible to select the 8 most significant from 12 modules and 43 indicators of economic security. The rate of change of each of the 8 indicators was taken into account, which made it possible to determine the changes in these indicators and the predisposition to one degree or another of the socio-economic crisis. A change in the trend of an indicator can lead to the opposite effect at the expense of other main influencing indexes. This takes into account the borderline state of the indicator, namely, its rate of growth or decline and predisposition to a particular crisis zone. The turning zones of the trend of changes in indicators have been determined. The object of the research is the well-being of the individual in the territory of residence for each subject of the Ural Federal District. The authors made an attempt to consider in the analysis not just the population of the subject (the number of people), but also to assess the personality from the standpoint of moral development, the level of education, the available opportunities for spiritual development, the provision of benefits necessary to maintain life and the degree of satisfaction of the needs of the population. This will allow to carry out the current analysis of the state, but also to consider the forecast dynamics of change for the next 2 to 3 years. The results obtained can be used in the current assessment of the socio-economic situation in the regions of Russia, as well as in planning and forecasting individual indicators of individual citizen wellbeing in the territory of residence

Rorschach Tests as a Diagnostic Tool in Adoption Studies

1951 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frieda M. Kuhlmann ◽  
Helen P. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Rorschach Test ◽  
Adoption Studies ◽  
Projective Test ◽  
Study Process ◽  
The Individual

The Rorschach test appears to be decidedly useful as a diagnostic tool. The test interpretations supply a concise picture of the individuals’ outstanding personality characteristics and the underlying dynamics of behavior. Adoption studies are completed with far greater understanding and certainty on the part of the caseworker than when subjective evaluation alone is relied upon. The most important factor to be looked for in adoption applicants is the ability to relate to other people. Not only does the inability to relate to others indicate a poor adoption risk, but it would also raise serious question as to the accessibility of the person to treatment or modification of personality trends during a period of supervision. Another area in which the Rorschach gives specific evidence difficult to obtain in the interview is that related to the individuals’ feelings of security and adequacy. In studying interview and test material there appears to be a dearth of evidence in the former and a wealth of findings in the latter as to the way in which individuals use their inner resources to maintain themselves. The Rorschach test is a valuable tool in pointing up defenses and in revealing the ego strengths of the individual who must deal with these problems. The projective test is also of great value in indicating marked deviations and emotional disturbances, particularly in the psychosexual sphere, which might have a destructive influence on the child. The test findings can help define the extent to which the individual accepts his own femininity or masculinity. The use of Rorschach tests is not a substitute for skilled casework, and, in fact, should only be used where such workers are available. The test itself is of value only when it is conducted by a highly trained and experienced Rorschach expert and when a psychiatrist is available for consultation. The trend in adoption practice is toward placement of babies soon after birth when this plan appears sound so far as the natural mother is concerned. This implies additional risk as well as additional satisfaction for adoptive parents. It insures more security for a child. In view of this trend agencies are faced with the need to select couples with maximum surety as to their potentialities as parents. This use of Rorschach tests as a diagnostic tool is a step in that direction. Its results so far point to many other areas for research. Perhaps the findings of such additional research projects are the only means of proving the soundness of the study process used in this experiment.

scholarly journals Temperature induced friction increase in friction test and forming demonstrator for sheet metal forming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Filzek ◽  
Daniel Keil ◽  
Holger Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Sheet Metal Forming ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Friction Test ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
Strip Drawing ◽  
Flat Strip ◽  
The Individual

High process stability is needed in sheet metal forming industry. This can be achieved by predicting and controlling the transient process and temperature variation, especially at start of production. In this connection, the temperature induced friction changing plays a significant role because it leads to product failures. The handling of the transient friction effects is currently done reactively, based on the individual experience of the machine operators. In future, those transient effects need to be controlled. This paper shows initially an analysis of the temperature induced friction increase in a well-known and proven flat strip drawing test. Different tribological systems were tested at tool temperatures between 20 and 80 °C. The temperature increase results in a higher friction of up to 77 %. Several influences on friction increase will be presented. These friction influences were verified afterwards with a heated forming demonstrator under laboratory conditions.

Comparison of a perfusion simulator to a clinical operating room: evaluation of eye tracking data and subjective perception. A pilot study

Perfusion ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 026765912097461
Author(s):  
Cynthia Pawelke ◽  
Frank Merkle ◽  
Dino Kurtovic ◽  
Sina Gierig ◽  
Gisela Müller-Plath
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Heart Lung Machine ◽  
Heart Center ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Larger Sample

Background: With the aim of evaluating the perfusion simulator at the German Heart Center Berlin, similarity between simulation and clinical operation room (OR) was investigated regarding subjective perception and eye movement. Methods: Eight perfusionists performed an operation on the heart-lung machine (HLM) wearing eye tracking glasses, each in real OR and simulator. The three most important phases for perfusionists (going on bypass, cardioplegia administration and coming off bypass) were considered. Additional to eye tracking data as objective measure, questionnaires were completed, and interviews conducted afterwards. Results: The structure of simulator and real OR is perceived as basically the same. Yet there are differences in the HLM-models used and the temporal sequence. Different perception of both situations is reported in interviews and reflected in significant differences in the rating scales (NASA-TLX) on three of six subscales. In eye tracking data, certain AOIs could be identified for the individual phases, both in OR and simulator—an indication of fundamental similarity. However, differences regarding the proportions of the individual AOIs, especially in the first and third phase, are leading to the assumption that the simulator, and especially the simulation process, is only valid to a limited extent regarding subjective perception and eye tracking data. Conclusion: The use of the simulator for (advanced) training is accepted and explicitly requested by perfusionists. Yet further research is needed to identify the decisive factors (like simulation duration or additional tasks) for a valid execution in the simulator. Furthermore, a larger sample size should be regarded to allow statistical analysis.

Further Research on Personality Organization Using the Differential Diagnostic Technique

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1247-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Weininger ◽  
J. E. Erdman ◽  
W. J. Ammons
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Similar Type ◽  
Young Offender ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Personality Organization ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Behavioral Classification ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Differential Diagnostic Technique

Two recent studies utilizing the Differential Diagnostic Technique as a primary means of assessment delineated several personality dimensions that reflect the over-all functioning of children in various placement settings. Amnions' 1991 study involved a young offender population of 110 males aged 12 to 17 years. Erdman (1992) looked at 691 children in residential care, both male and female, who ranged in age from 7 to 16 years. Despite different populations and statistical analyses, the personality dimensions produced in the different studies reflected a similar type of personality organization. In assessing personality, the Differential Diagnostic Technique is shown to be consonant with more traditional, empirically based modes of symptom and behavioral classification.

Time Headway in Car following and Operational Performance during Unexpected Braking

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1247-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Van Winsum ◽  
Wiebo Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Time Headway ◽  
Motor Component ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
The Individual

The relation between car-following behaviour and braking performance was studied in a driving simulator. The theoretical perspective was that individual differences in tactical car-driving behaviour may be related to skills on the operational level of the driving task via a process of adaptation. In a sample of 16 young and middle-aged experienced drivers independent assessments were made of preferred time headway during car following and of braking skill. Starting from modern theories of visual-motor learning, braking performance was analyzed in terms of a reaction time component, an open-loop visual-motor component, and a closed-loop visual-motor component involving the precise adjustment of braking (timing and force) to the situation. The efficiency of the visual-motor component of braking was a strong and significant predictor of choice of time headway to the lead vehicle in such a way that less efficient braking indicated a preference for a longer time headway. This result supports the theory of adaptation on the individual level.

scholarly journals Psychological factors of successful kidney transplantations. The effects of anxiety and intrapsychic integration of the organ on recovery

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (15) ◽  
pp. 592-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Látos ◽  
Katalin Barabás ◽  
György Lázár ◽  
Ferenc Marofka ◽  
Edit Szederkényi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Body Representations ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Projective Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Remarkable Result ◽  
High Distress ◽  
Kidney Transplantations ◽  
Kidney Functions

Transplant patients’ attitudes and representations related to their illness, their body, and the healing process have a significant impact on their recovery. Aims: The study involved 51 patients from the Department of Surgery, University of Szeged, Hungary. The primary aim was to examine the possible connections between emotional and mood factors, illness and body representations, and the successful onset of renal functions after surgery. Methods: Patients were tested with a combination of 4 instruments: Spielberger’s anxiety scale and Beck depression scale, self and organ drawings, and a questionnaire designed by the authors. Results: Our data suggest that high distress correlates with kidney disfunction after transplantation. Patients with higher anxiety drew the kidney larger in their projective drawing test. It was a remarkable result that post-transplant blood test on Day 10 showed significantly lower creatinine and urea levels in those patients who had drawn the kidney smaller in their projective drawing test. This might indicate that the organ’s normal intrapsychic integration and the related kidney functions are disturbed. Conclusions: The results of this study provide useful information about the psychological background, which has received relatively little attention so far. It can also give important clues for further research on clinical health psychology in supporting the healing process. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 592–597.

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