Comparison of the Effects of the Choice Theory and Behavioral Activation Therapies with and without Guided Imagery Rescripting on the Adversity Quotient and Cognitive Emotion Regulation of MS Patients in Ahvaz, Iran

Background: Complications of multiple sclerosis (MS) severely impact self-image and have debilitative effects on the adversity quotient. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the choice theory and behavioral activation therapies with and without guided imagery rescripting on the adversity quotient and cognitive emotion regulation of MS patients in Ahvaz, Iran. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The sample population included the male and female MS patients visiting the Caspian Physiotherapy Center of Ahvaz, Iran in 2019. In total, 60 MS patients were selected via convenience sampling and randomly divided into three experimental groups and one control group (15 per each). Data were collected using the Adversity Response Profile Questionnaire (ARPQ) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Data analysis was performed using the multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: A significant difference was observed between the effects of the choice theory (CT) and behavioral activation (BA) therapies with and without guided imagery rescripting (ImRs) on the improvement of the adversity quotient (AQ) and positive cognitive emotion regulation (CER) of the MS patients, as well as the reduction of negative CER (P < 0.001). Compared to the CT and BA therapies without guided ImRs, the BA therapy with guided ImRs more effectively enhanced the AQ and positive CER of the MS patients and decreased their negative CER (P < 0.001). Conclusions: According to the results, BA with ImRs is a more effective method for enhancing the AQ and positive CER of MS patients and mitigating their negative CER compared to other approaches.

When and for whom do psychodynamic therapists use guided imagery? Explicating practitioners’ tacit knowledge

Guided imagery psychotherapy (GIP) is an established therapeutic method using creative mental imagery within a psychodynamic frame of reference. Although there is evidence for the method’s general effectiveness, it is yet unclear under which conditions and for which patients it should be used. The aim of this study was therefore to empirically identify indication criteria for the use of guided affective imagery (GAI) as part of psychodynamic therapies. We conducted semi-structured interviews with N=15 psychodynamic therapists also qualified as GAI training therapists. We asked them to recollect cases in which they had decided either for or against the use of imagery. The therapists described a complex interplay of different factors. Using grounded theory coding supplemented by elements of Consensual Qualitative Research we reconstructed from their accounts a sequential model of their indicative decisions. First, there is a consideration of clear contraindications related to reality testing and destructiveness. Second, there are aspects requiring a modified application of GAI such as emotional instability and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. In a final step, there are a number of characteristics of the patient, the therapist, the therapeutic relationship, the patients’ initial imagery and different therapeutic goals and foci which are weighed relatively to each other in order for therapists to reach an indication decision. We end by discussing ways in which the indicative decision model may be used to improve GAI training as well as the method’s differential efficacy and effectiveness.

Mindfulness-Informed Guided Imagery to Target Physical Activity: A Mixed Method Feasibility and Acceptability Pilot Study

Physical activity offers substantial mind-body health benefits and reduced mortality, yet many individuals are chronically underactive. Physical activity interventions may benefit from integrative approaches that join components of mindfulness and neurobiological models of behavior. Mindfulness increases one’s awareness of cognitions and physical sensations to potentially facilitate self-regulation, while neurobiological models such as the dual system model of health behavior offer guidance on improving physical activity intervention targets. This 2-phase study includes an initial development process to create brief (∼4 min) mindfulness informed guided imagery audio files that target distinct cognitive and affective processes to promote physical activity. In the second phase, participants completed a 2-week pilot intervention study to gather qualitative and quantitative data on intervention feasibility and acceptability. Participants endorsed the mindfulness informed guided imagery as easy to use, enjoyable and helpful. Over a 2-week intervention period participants reported positive shifts in behavior change, physical activity enjoyment, increased mindfulness during physical activity, and increased physical exercise self-efficacy and satisfaction. Interview data revealed that participants increased their frequency of physical activity and tended to experience positive affect during physical activity, engaged in future oriented thinking and were able to view physical activity in a more positive light. Findings support the feasibility and acceptability of an integrative online mindfulness informed guided imagery intervention to promote physical activity enjoyment and engagement. This study extends health behavior change intervention research and provides supporting evidence for a flexible and tailorable online mindfulness-based intervention.

Fatigue, Stigma, and Mood in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Effectiveness of Guided Imagery

Background and objectives : The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of guided imagery on fatigue, stigma, and mood in patients with multiple sclerosis. Methods This clinical trial is a double-blind study that was conducted on 60 patients with multiple sclerosis referred to the largest center for special diseases in the southeast of Iran in 2020. The convenience sampling method was used to select the participants who were later divided into two groups of intervention (n=30) and control (n=30) using block randomization method. The intervention group listened to the guided imagery audio file at home for 25 minutes. The control group did not receive any intervention. Data were collected by demographic information questionnaires, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Reece Stigma Scale for Multiple Sclerosis (RSS-MS), and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) before and one month after the intervention. Results According to the results, there was no significant difference between the two groups before the intervention in terms of the score of fatigue (P<0.0=67), stigma (P<0.64), and mood (P<0.17). However, after the intervention, a significant differences was observed in this regard (P<0.0001). In the intervention group, the mean score of fatigue decreased from 59.72±18.32 to 35.8±16.15, and the mean score of stigma decreased from 17.31±15.62 to 5.09±8.06, showing a significant reduction in the levels of fatigue (P<0.0001) and stigma (P<0.0001) compared to before intervention. Also, the mean score of mood decreased from 36.90±12.21 to 28.55±11.87, indicating an improvement in the mood of samples in the intervention group (P<0.0001). Conclusions The results indicated that guided imagery, as a cost-effective method, can decrease the fatigue and stigma, and enhance the mood of patients with MS. Therefore, nursing staff can use this method to improve MS patients’ mood and decrease their fatigue and stigma.

Literature Review: Pengaruh Terapi Guided Imagery Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Pada Pasien Gastritis

Gastritis is an inflammation that occurs in the gastric mucosa that is acute, chronic, diffuse or local, with characteristics of anorexia, feeling of bloating, discomfort in the epigastrium, nausea and vomiting. Gastritis pain is described as a burning sensation. Pain can be treated with non-pharmacological therapy, namely guided imagery therapy. Guided imagery is an imagination that is specifically designed to achieve a positive effect by imagining fun things that will make the musclesmore relaxed and the response to the image will be clearer. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of guided imagery therapy in reducing pain. The researched method was a literature review from a database that had been determined used the keywords gastritis, guided imagery, and pain. The result obtained after a literature review was carried out on the three articles showed that the guided imagery therapy had significant effect on relieving gastric pain.. In conclusion, guided imagery therapy can reduce pain in gastritis gastritis patients. Suggestions for nurses to be able to apply guided imagery therapy to reduce pain in gastritis patients.Keyword: Gastritis, Guided Imagery, Pain AbstrakGastritis merupakan peradangan yang terjadi pada mukosa lambung yang bersifat akut, kronik difus atau lokal, dengan karakteristik anoreksia, terasa begah, ketidaknyamanan pada epigastrium, mual serta muntah. Nyeri gastritis digambarkan seperti rasa panas yang mengganggu. Nyeri dapat ditangani dengan terapi non farmakologi yaitu terapi guided Imagery. Guided imagery adalah imajinasi yang dirancang khusus untuk mencapai efek positif yang dilakukan dengan cara membayangkan hal-hal yang menyenangkan yang akan membuat otot-otot lebih rileks dan respon terhadap bayangan akan semakin jelas. Tujuan penelitian karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh terapi guided imagery dalam menurunkan nyeri. Metode penelitian ini yaitu literature review dari 3 artikel melalui database yang telah ditentukan dengan menggunakan kata kunci Gastritis, Guided Imagery, Nyeri. Hasil yang didapat setelah dilakukan literature review pada ketiga artikel menunjukan terjadi pengaruh terapi guided imageryterhadap penurunan nyeri pada pasien gastritis. Simpulan terapi guided imagery dapat menurunkan nyeri pada pasien gastritis. Saran kepada perawat agar mampu menerapkan terapi guided imagery untuk menurunkan nyeri pada pasien gastritis.Kata kunci: Gastritis; guided Imagery; nyeri

Literature Review : Pengaruh Guided Imagery Terhadap Tingkat Nyeri Pemasangan Infus Anak Usia Sekolah

School-age children are they who are in middle age starting from the age of 6-13 years. Pain during intravenous cannulation is a painful thing, and it can be treated using non-pharmacological therapy, namely guided imagery therapy. Guided imagery is an intervention that can encourage children to concentrate by imagining fun things during procedures that cause pain. The measuring instrument used to measure pain is the Wong Bacer Faces Pain Rating Scale. So that children can determine the scale of pain they feel when assessing pain. The purpose ofthis study was to determine the effect of giving guided imagery therapy to reduce pain during intravenous cannulation among school-age children. The design of this study was a literature review of three articles from Google Scholar with the research subjects being school-age children. The results of a literature review of three articles showed a decrease In pain scale m children who experienced pain dunng Intravenous cannulation after guided imagery therapy. In conclusion, the average of the three articles with guided imagery therapy, the results in the intervention group was 2.20 and in the control group was 2.52, so there was a decrease in pain of 0.32. It is suggested for nurses to provide the therapy to school-age children who experience pain during intravenous cannulation.Keywords :School-age Children, Guided Imagery, Pain, Intravenous Cannulation, Wong Bacer Faces Pain Rating Scale. AbstrakPada masa anak-anak sampai dengan masa pertengahan dimulai sejak usia 6-13 tahun yang disebut dengan anak usia sekolah. Nyeri pemasangan infus merupakan suatu hal yang menyakitkan, nyeri dapat diatasi dengan menggunakan terapi non farmakologi yaitu dengan terapi guided imagery. Guided imagery adalah tindakan yangdapat mendorong anak untuk berkonsentrasi dengan membayangkan hal yang menyenangkan selama prosedur yang menyebabkan nyeri, alat ukur yang digunakan untuk mengukur nyeri yaitu Wong Bacer Faces Pain Rating Scale, sehingga pada saat dilakukan tindakan pengkajian nyeri pada anak dapat menunjuk skala nyeri yang dirasakan. Tujuan penelitian karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian terapi guided imagery untuk menurunkan nyeri pemasangan infus pada anak sekolah. Desain penulisan karya tulis ilmiah berupa literature review yang diambil dari 3 jurnal penelitian, dicari di laman google scholar, subjek penelitian yaitu anak usia sekolah. Hasil literature review pada ketiga artikel penelitian menunjukan terjadinya penurunan skala nyeri pada anak yang mengalami nyeri saat pemasangan infus setelah dilakukan terapi guided imagery. Kesimpulan pada hasil rata-rata dari ke 3 penelitian yang dilakukan tindakan terapi guided imagery pada kelompok intervensi yaitu 2,20 dan pada kelompok kontrol 2,52 ada penurunan nyeri sebanyak 0,32. Saran kepada perawat untuk memberikan terapi guided imagery pada pasien anak usia sekolah yang mengalami nyeri pemasangan infus.Kata kunci :Anak Sekolah, Guided Imagery, Nyeri, Pemasangan Infus, Wong Bacer Faces Pain Rating Scale