Body-Size Estimation by Obese Subjects

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1363-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni G. Valtolina
Keyword(s):  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Image Perception ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Pelvic Area ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Body Size Estimation ◽  
Real Area

The present aim was to explore the body-image perception of a group of 60 hospitalized obese subjects, aged between 25 and 50 years, undergoing a weight loss treatment and 60 normal-weight persons. The 1978 modified version of the Askevold perception test by Allamani, Marasco, Michele, and Morandi was given. This nonverbal test is aimed at evaluating subjects' perception of the dimensions of different parts of the body by exploiting their projection into space. Each body area (head, the thoracic area, the abdominal area, and the pelvic area) perceived by a subject was calculated using a specifically designed software program (AREA.BASIC2); the same program was used to calculate actual body area. After obtaining the percentage deviation index for each individual [(perceived area/real area) × 100], mean values were analyzed. Obese subjects significantly underestimated the four body areas, unlike the normal weight subjects who largely overestimated the abdominal and pelvic areas.

Body-Size Estimation in Anorexia Nervosa

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Molinari
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Body Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Image Perception ◽  
Pelvic Area ◽  
Body Size Estimation ◽  
Different Parts

The aim was to explore the body-image perception of a group of 20 hospitalised anorexic patients, aged 18 to 21 years, undergoing a period of treatment. The instrument used was the Askevold nonverbal perception test as modified by Allamani and colleagues in 1978 to assess perception of the dimensions of different parts of the body by exploiting the capacity to project them into space. The four parts were the head, the thoracic area, the abdominal area, and the pelvic area. Analysis of responses indicated that anorexic patients overestimated the abdominal and the pelvic areas much more than the 20 members of the control group (50% vs 30%). The areas of the head and thorax were perceived almost in their real dimensions by the anorexic patients but were underestimated by the control group.

scholarly journals Perception of body image by patients undergoing bariatric surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSANA MARIA RESENDE LACERDA ◽  
CHRISTIANE RAMOS CASTANHA ◽  
ALESSANDRA RAMOS CASTANHA ◽  
JOSEMBERG MARINS CAMPOS ◽  
ÁLVARO ANTÔNIO BANDEIRA FERRAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Image Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Body Size Estimation

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate changes in body image perception in patients undergoing bariatric surgery, evaluating the accuracy/inaccuracy in body size estimation and satisfaction/dissatisfaction with own body after surgery. Methods: we performed a survey at the General Surgery outpatient clinic of the Clinics Hospital of the Federal University of Pernambuco. Thirty-six patients aged 18 years and older undergoing bariatric surgery participated. We carried out cross-sectional and quantitative studies using the Silhouetted Figures Scale. Results: in the descriptive analysis of the distortion and dissatisfaction score of the patients with the body image, the mean distortion was positive (6.43kg/m²), indicating that most people see themselves greater than they really are. On the other hand, in the dissatisfaction, we found a negative mean (-6.91kg/m²), indicating that the majority of the patients evaluated had a “BMI” lower than the current one (that is, a smaller silhouette). Regarding satisfaction with silhouette size, only 11.8% of women liked the post-surgical result, while among men there was 50% satisfaction. Conclusion: Although bariatric surgery significantly reduced BMI, the patients presented, for the most part, dissatisfaction with body weight, perceiving it greater than it actually was, thus characterizing a perceptual inaccuracy.

Body Image Distortion in Bulimia Nervosa

1985 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra A. Birtchnell ◽  
J. Hubert Lacey ◽  
Anne Harte
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Previous History ◽  
The Body ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Image Perception ◽  
Body Width ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Body Size Estimation ◽  
Visual Size

Body image perception was measured in 50 women with bulima nervosa and 19 age and weight matched female controls, using a visual size estimation apparatus. Both groups overestimated body widths, but not the width of a neutral object, and whilst there was a trend for bulimics to overestimate more than controls this did not reach significance. The part of the body most overestimated corresponded to the part most disliked in only a third of both groups. The bulimics without a previous history of anorexia nervosa overestimated body width more than those with such a history; this may be related to the fact that the former had a significantly greater weight index. Bulimics who were within 5% of mean-matched population weight overestimated body width less than the others, this difference reaching significance when compared with the heavier groups; a similar, but non-significant, trend was demonstrated in controls. This may be linked to a greater dissatisfaction with body size. Duration of illness, frequency of bingeing and self-induced vomiting were not shown significantly to alter body size estimation. The bulimics who completed a 10-session outpatient treatment programme subsequently demonstrated a significant decrease in overestimation of waist and hip width.

Body Size Estimation in Anorexia Nervosa

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (S2) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Whitehouse ◽  
Christopher P. L. Freeman ◽  
Annette Annandale
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Size Perception ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Body Size Perception ◽  
Body Size Estimation

Clinicians who deal with patients with anorexia nervosa are well acquainted with their patients' inability to recognise their emaciation. The patients' insistence that they are normal weight or even overweight, against clear evidence to the contrary, led Bruch (1962) to state that the misperception reaches “delusional proportions”. Studies of body size perception in anorexia nervosa that have used the ‘body part’ method have invariably found that the patients overestimate their body size (Slade & Russell, 1973; Crisp & Kalucy, 1974; Pierloot & Houben, 1978; Garner et al, 1976; Button et al, 1977; Fries, 1977; Casper et al, 1979) but the majority have not found any significant difference in size estimation between patients and controls (Slade, 1985).

scholarly journals Percepção da imagem corporal e indicadores antropométricos e de composição corporal associados em idosos

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-534
Author(s):  
Iasmim Batista Correia ◽  
Nathalie De Almeida Silva ◽  
Paulo Granges e Silva ◽  
Tarciana Nobre de Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Image ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Image Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Body Image Perception

Aging leads to psychological losses and various physical changes that, associated with body-stereotyped patterns imposed by society, can cause disturbances in the body image perception (BIP) in the elderly. The aim of this study was to evaluate BIP in older adults living in the city of Campina Grande / PB and its relationship with different anthropometric and body composition indicators. This cross-sectional study was carried out with older adults of both sexes enrolled in the Family Health Strategy of Campina Grande, PB. BIP was considered as a dependent variable and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triceps skinfold (TSF), and arm fat area (AFA) as independent variables. The association between BIP and anthropometric indicators was verified using the Pearson chi-square test (X²), simple and multiple logistic regression, with significance level of p <0.05. Overall, 420 older adults were interviewed (68.1% women), of whom 409 reported their actual body image perception. Regarding the perception of idealized body image, 11 individuals did not respond and 230 were satisfied, since 179 desired another silhouette. Individuals with BMI indicative of overweight / obesity were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction compared to those with normal weight. Subjects with excessive TSF showed greater body image dissatisfaction in relation to those with normal weight. Women were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction. Thus, it was observed that variables BMI, TSF and sex were independently associated with body image satisfaction.

scholarly journals The influence of bmi and psychological variables in the body size estimation among adult women

Psico ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Gabriela Salim Xavier ◽  
Sebastião Sousa Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Body Size Estimation

O objetivo desse estudo foi quantificar a estimação da imagem corporal para avaliar as variáveis que a influenciam – Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), insatisfação com a imagem corporal e sintomas depressivos em mulheres eutróficas (n = 40) e com excesso de peso (n = 40). A avaliação da imagem corporal e dos sintomas depressivos foi conduzida por meio da Escala de Figuras de Silhuetas (EFS) e pelo Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI), em suas versões brasileiras, respectivamente. No grupo eutrófico, a insatisfação e a pontuação do BDI explicaram 55% e 12% da variação da estimação, respectivamente. No grupo com excesso de peso, a insatisfação com a imagem corporal foi responsável por 14% da variação da estimação da imagem corporal, enquanto o IMC, individualmente, por somente 9%. Quando avaliados em conjunto, esse percentual aumenta para 42%, indicando que juntos – IMC e insatisfação – agregam maior valor explicativo para essa variável. A insatisfação foi considerada a variável mais saliente, influenciando em maiores proporções os valores de estimação obtidos, particularmente entre as mulheres eutróficas.

scholarly journals The association between body mass index and the oral Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes profiles of healthy individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Roshna Mohamed Qadir ◽  
Mahde Saleh Assafi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Health Objective

Introduction: Microbiome status is considered an important factor that contributes to obesity. Investigations have shown that the oral microbiome comprises a vast array of bacterial species that can influence human health. Objective: To determine the association between the presence of the bacterial phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and the body mass index (BMI) status of normal, overweight and obese subjects in Duhok, Iraq. Additionally, to investigate the composition of oral Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes profiles for individuals with different BMI statuses. Methods: A total of 155 saliva samples were collected from participants in Duhok, Iraq. Bacterial genomic DNA was then extracted from the collected saliva. The presence of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla was detected via polymerase chain reaction. Results: Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were detected in 63.2 and 37.4% of the population, respectively. Differences in the carriage rates of oral Firmicutes in overweight (78%) and obese individuals (83%) were statistically significant when compared to normal weight individuals (36%) (P<0.0001). The percentage rates of Bacteroidetes in obese individuals (26.4%) was statistically significant when compared to normal weight individuals (50.8%) (P=0.0078). The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios (obese=3.1, overweight=2.5 and normal weight=0.7) were higher with increasing BMI. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio growing with increasing BMI. High rates of Firmicutes could serve a role in the development of obesity. Further studies are required to clarify the exact relationship between oral bacteria and obesity, which could lead to a promising therapeutic method for improving the physical health of humans.

scholarly journals Prognostic Value of Normal Stress Echocardiography in Obese Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Murphy ◽  
Siva Krothapalli ◽  
Jose Cuellar ◽  
Somsupha Kanjanauthai ◽  
Brian Heeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Noninvasive Evaluation ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Background.Chest pain is a common problem in obese patients. Because of the body habitus, the results of noninvasive evaluation for CAD may be limited in this group.Methods.We reviewed the records of 1446 consecutive patients who had undergone clinically indicated stress echocardiography (SE). We compared major adverse cardiac events (MACE; myocardial infarction, cardiac intervention, cardiac death, subsequent hospitalization for cardiac events, and emergency department visits) at 1 year in normal weight, overweight, and obese subjects with normal SE.Results.Excluding patients with an abnormal and indeterminate SE and those who were lost to follow-up, a retrospective analysis of 704 patients was performed. There were 366 obese patients (BMI ≥ 30), 196 overweight patients (BMI 25–29.9), and 142 patients with normal BMI (18.5–24.9). There was no MACE in the groups at 1-year follow-up after a normal SE.Conclusions.In obese patients including those with multiple risk factors and symptoms concerning for cardiac ischemia, stress echocardiography is an effective and reliable noninvasive tool for identifying those with a low 1-year risk of cardiac events.

Abstract 6256: Absence of Leptin Resistance in Platelets from Obese Individuals Suggests a Mechanism for Increased Thrombosis Risk in Obesity

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Dellas ◽  
Katrin Schaefer ◽  
Ilonka Rohm ◽  
Mareike Lankeit ◽  
Gerd Hasenfuss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Thrombosis Risk ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Plasma Leptin ◽  
And Control ◽  
Induced Aggregation

Clinical studies have demonstrated that elevated leptin levels, such as frequently found in obesity, are an independent cardiovascular risk factor. We and others have shown that leptin promotes platelet aggregation and thrombosis. However, little is known about the existence of platelet resistance to leptin, particularly in the setting of obesity and central leptin resistance. In the present study, we examined the effects of leptin on platelet aggregation in morbidly obese subjects (n=40; BMI 41.6±1.1 kg/m2; leptin 49.7±3.4 ng/mL) in comparison to normal-weight controls (n=36; BMI 23.3±0.4; leptin 6.5±0.7). The aggregatory response to ADP was significantly increased in platelets from obese donors compared to controls as shown by a left-shift in the ADP dose curves. Thus, percent platelet aggregation at 2, 3, 4, and 5 μM ADP was 18.7±4.8 in the obese vs. 4.7±2.0 in controls (P=0.01), 37.2±6.6 vs. 17.1±4.4 (P=0.01), 60.8±6.0 vs. 37.8±6.5 (P=0.01), and 80.2±6.5 vs. 44.5±8.8 (P=0.002), respectively. Plasma leptin levels, but not the body-mass-index, were significantly higher in subjects with stronger (above the median) platelet aggregation in response to ADP compared to those with weaker (below the median) aggregation (35.9±5.1 vs. 22.4±4.1 ng/mL; P=0.04). In further experiments, exogenous leptin stimulation promoted ADP-induced platelet aggregation by 25% on average, and there was no difference in the responsiveness to leptin between platelets from obese and those from lean donors (controls; P=0.99). Using Western blot analysis we found that leptin induced phosphorylation of the signaling molecules JAK2 and STAT3 to a similar extent in platelets from both groups. Expression of potential mediators of leptin resistance (SOCS3 and PTP1B) also did not differ in platelets from obese and control subjects. Taken together, our data indicate that platelets from obese donors show increased aggregatory response to ADP, which might partly result from the increased circulating leptin levels. Platelets from obese individuals were not resistant to the enhancing effects of leptin on ADP-induced aggregation. Our results thus support the existence of a direct link between obesity, hyperleptinemia and thrombosis.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Virtual-Reality Full-Body Illusion on Body Representation in Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scarpina ◽  
Serino ◽  
Keizer ◽  
Chirico ◽  
Scacchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Representation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Bodily Experience ◽  
Body Representations ◽  
Body Size Estimation ◽  
Full Body

Background. The effective illusory ownership over an artificial body in modulating body representations in healthy and eating disorders population has been repeatedly reported in recent literature. In this study, we extended this research in the field of obesity: specifically, we investigated whether ownership over a virtual body with a skinny abdomen might be successfully experienced by participants affected by obesity. Methods. Fifteen participants with obesity and fifteen healthy-weight participants took part at this study in which the VR-Full-Body Illusion was adopted. The strength of illusion was investigated through the traditional Embodiment Questionnaire, while changes in bodily experience were measured through a body size estimation task. Results. Participants with obesity as well as healthy-weight participants reported to experience the illusion. About the body size estimation task, both groups reported changes only in the estimation of the abdomen’s circumference after the experimental condition, in absence of any another difference. Discussion. Participants with obesity reported to experience the illusion over a skinny avatar, but the modulation of the bodily experience seems controversial. Future lines of research exploiting this technique for modulating body representations in obesity, specifically in terms of potential therapeutic use, were discussed.

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