Psychologists' and Social Workers' Self-Descriptions Using DSM—IV Psychopathology

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-188
Author(s):  
Tali Nachshoni ◽  
Yehuda Abramovitch ◽  
Vladimir Lerner ◽  
Miriam Assael-Amir ◽  
Moshe Kotler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Eating Problems ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

There is limited information on mental health of psychologists and social workers despite their rendering mental health services, so their subjective perception of mental disorder was explored via a self-evaluation survey in which they self-diagnosed the presence of DSM-IV disorders within themselves. The sample of 128 professionals included 63 psychologists and 65 social workers. The presence of Axis I traits was reported by 81.2%, the three most frequent traits being mood, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and eating disorder. Axis II traits were reported by 73.4% of subjects, the three most frequent conditions being narcissistic, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality traits. While a high percentage of subjects reported the presence of either an Axis I or Axis II disorder, the average severity reported was low. More psychologists reported on mood, social phobia, and eating problems than social workers, while the latter reported more on psychotic problems. Psychologists reported more Axis II traits, especially paranoid, narcissistic, and avoidant subtypes. More women than men reported eating problems, while more men reported schizoid and avoidant personality traits. In conclusion, manifestations of subthreshold psychiatric conditions were prominently reported. These findings suggest encouraging mental health care professionals to explore treatment for problems if present.

The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in an Italian population

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Ronchi ◽  
M Abbruzzese ◽  
S Erzegovesi ◽  
G Diaferia ◽  
G Sciuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Axis I ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThis study presents the clinical and demographic characteristics of a sample of 131 patients, who met DSM III-R criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Our aim was to compare our epidemiological data with non-European research, and to investigate the relationship between OCD symptoms and other clinical features, ie other Axis I concomitant disturbances, personality disorders (Axis II) and family history. Furthermore, we evaluated the age at onset distribution according to sex, family history and presence/absence of a comorbid diagnosis of mood disorder, by means of survival analysis.

Quality of life and subthreshold obsessive-compulsive disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Goracci ◽  
Mirko Martinucci ◽  
Anastassia Kaperoni ◽  
Andrea Fagiolini ◽  
Chiara Sbaragli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Residential Population ◽  
Current Axis ◽  
Axis I

Objective:This study investigates the relationship between subthreshold obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and quality of life (QoL) in a sample from the Italian general population.Methods:A sample of 202 psychiatrically healthy (defined as absence of current axis I and axis II disorders) subjects was recruited by word of mouth from the residential population in the Siena, Salerno and Milano municipalities (Italy). All study subjects completed the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q) and the Questionnaire for Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum (OBS-SR), which explore a wide array of threshold and subthreshold OCD symptoms, behaviours and traits. A diagnostic assessment was conducted to exclude the presence of DSM-IV axis I and axis II disorders using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R personality disorders, respectively.Results:A statistically significant correlation was found between the OBS-SR total score and the Q-LES-Q domains of physical health, subjective feelings, work, school, social relationships and general activities. There was also a statistically significant correlation between several Q-LES-Q and OBS-SR domains.Conclusions:The presence of subthreshold OCD is correlated with poorer QoL. More research is needed to evaluate if specific therapeutic interventions targeting subthreshold obsessive-compulsive symptoms can lead to a significant improvement in the QoL of the affected individuals.

Duration of untreated illness and outcome of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A naturalistic follow-up study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S323-S323
Author(s):  
V. Prisco ◽  
F. Perris ◽  
T. Iannaccone ◽  
M. Fabrazzo ◽  
F. Catapano
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Illness ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

Duration of untreated illness (DUI) is a predictor of outcome in psychotic and affective disorders. Data available on DUI and its relationship with outcome in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suggest an association between longer DUI and poorer treatment response. The present study investigated socio-demographic and clinical predictors of DUI and its association with long-term outcome in OCD patients. Eighty-three OCD outpatients were treated with serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and prospectively followed-up for 3 years. Baseline information was collected on demographic and clinical characteristics using standard assessments. Each patient was assessed through the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders (SCID-I), the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis II personality disorders (SCID-II), the Yale-Brown obsessive–compulsive scale (Y-BOCS) and the 17-item Hamilton rating scale for depression (HDRS). The DUI was explored by interviewing patients, family caregivers and clinicians. OCD subjects had a mean DUI of 7.3 (5.8) years. A younger age at onset and a greater severity of OCD symptoms at baseline were associated with a longer DUI. The DUI of patients with a “good outcome” was shorter than that of patients with a “poor outcome”. Logistic regression analysis revealed indeed a possible association between longer DUI and “poor outcome”. In the logistic multivariable model, the association of DUI with treatment outcome held true whilst controlling for socio-demographic and clinical variables.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Phenomenology of patients with early- and adult-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umberto Albert ◽  
Chiara Picco ◽  
Giuseppe Maina ◽  
Federica Forner ◽  
Eugenio Aguglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Sono State ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Sono Stati ◽  
Nello Studio ◽  
Dsm Iv

RIASSUNTOScopo – Valutare eventuali differenze nelle caratteristiche sociodemografiche e cliniche (sintomatologia ossessivo–compulsiva, la comorbidità di Asse I e la comorbidità di Asse II) in soggetti adulti con disturbo ossessivo–compulsivo ad esordio precoce (>18 anni) e in eta adulta (≤18 anni). Disegno – Studio clinico controllato. Setting – Servizio per i disturbi depressivi e d'ansia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Torino. Metodo – Sono stati inclusi nello studio 149 pazienti adulti con diagnosi di DOC (DSM–IV) e un punteggio Y–BOCS totale <16.1 soggetti sono stati valutati attraverso un'intervista semi–strutturata diretta ad indagare le caratteristiche socio–demografiche é cliniche. La comorbidita longitudinale di Asse I, secondo i criteri del DSM–IV, è stata valutata attraverso un'intervista clinica strutturata diretta secondo le indicazioni di Othmer & Othmer (1994; 1999): particolare attenzione è stata rivolta alia rilevazione dei disturbi dello spettro ossessivo–compulsivo (Hollander et al, 1996; 1997). Per l'analisi della comorbidita con i disturbi di personalitá è stata utilizzata la Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–IV Axis II Disorders (SCID–II). Risultati – 39 pazienti (26.2%) hanno presentato l'esordio del DOC prima dei 18 anni (early–onset) e 110 pazienti (73.8%) hanno presentato l'esordio del DOC dopo i 18 anni (later–onset). Sono state rilevate differenze significative tra i due gruppi di confronto: i soggetti con esordio precoce presentano una predominanza del sesso maschile, un decorso cronico del disturbo e l'associazione con il disturbo schizotipico di personalità. Conclusioni – Suddividendo il campione secondo l'eta di esordio del disturbo abbiamo rilevato alcune differenze significative nell'espressivita del DOC che indicano una possibile eterogeneita del disturbo, meritevole di ulteriori approfondimenti. In particolare, il rilievo nel gruppo ad esordio precoce di un decorso prevalentemente cronico e soprattutto di una specifica associazione con il disturbo schizotipico di personalita appare significativo ai fini dell'impostazione di specifiche strategic terapeutiche.

Gender-related clinical differences in obsessive-compulsive disorder

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 434-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bogetto ◽  
S. Venturello ◽  
U. Albert ◽  
G. Maina ◽  
L. Ravizza
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Chronic Course

SummaryThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the gender-related differences of clinical features in a sample of obsessive-compulsive (OCD) patients. One hundred and sixty outpatients with a principal diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (DSM-IV, Y-BOCS = 16) were admitted. Patients were evaluated with a semi-structured interview covering the following areas: socio-demographic data, Axis I diagnoses (DSM-IV), OCD clinical features (age at onset of OC symptoms and disorder, type of onset, life events and type of course). For statistical analysis the sample was subdivided in two groups according to gender. We found an earlier age at onset of OC symptoms and disorder in males; an insidious onset and a chronic course of illness were also observed in that group of patients. Females more frequently showed an acute onset of OCD and an episodic course of illness; they also reported more frequently a stressful event in the year preceding OCD onset. A history of anxiety disorders with onset preceding OCD and hypomanic episodes occurring after OCD onset was significantly more common among males, while females showed more frequently a history of eating disorders. We found three gender-related features of OCD: males show an earlier age at onset with a lower impact of precipitant events in triggering the disorder; OCD seems to occur in a relative high proportion of males who already have phobias and/or tic disorders; and a surfeit of chronic course of the illness in males in comparison with females.

Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lensi ◽  
G. B. Cassano ◽  
G. Correddu ◽  
S. Ravagli ◽  
J. L. Kunovac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Axis I

BackgroundDemographic data, family history, psychopathological features, comorbidity and course of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are investigated and data generated to support the possible existence of two subgroups with gender-related differences of a broader nature.MethodTwo hundred and sixty-three OCD patients, consecutive admissions to the Institute of Psychiatry, University of Pisa over a period of 5 years, not excluding those with comorbid Axis I and Axis II conditions, were studied. Patients were evaluated with a specifically designed semi-structured OCD interview.ResultsWe found a significantly greater history of perinatal trauma in men who also had an earlier onset, greater likelihood of never having been married and a higher frequency of such symptoms as sexual, exactness and symmetry obsessions and odd rituals; by contrast, women suffered a later onset of the disorder, were more likely to be married, had higher rates of associated panic attacks after the onset of OCD and a higher frequency of aggressive obsessions at the onset of their illness, and were less frequently associated with bipolar disorders.ConclusionsPathophysiological mechanisms in OCD seem to differ by gender. Perinatal trauma might predispose to earlier onset in men, whereas in women there is a close association between OCD and panic disorder.

Effect of Clozapine on Psychiatric Comorbidities in Patients with Schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S197-S197 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gürcan ◽  
Ş. Hun Şenol ◽  
A.E. Anıl Yağcıoğlu ◽  
A. Ertuğrul
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

IntroductionClozapine has superior efficacy in treatment-resistant schizophrenia, and has various effects on psychiatric comorbidities, which may affect the illness course.AimsWe aimed to assess the past and current psychiatric comorbidities in schizophrenia patients treated with clozapine, and study their relationship with clinical variables.MethodsConsecutive 122 outpatients who met DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia receiving clozapine were included. Information about past and current clinical status were gathered through a clinical interview and review of the medical records, along with laboratory test results. Patients were assessed with structured clinical interview for Axis-I Disorders for DSM-IV, Clinical Global Impression Scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Calgary Depression Scale, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Panic and Agoraphobia Scale (PAS), WHO-Disability Assessment Schedule-II.ResultsThere was a significant decrease in the diagnosis of depression, alcohol and substance use disorder, number of suicide attempts, and an increase in the diagnosis of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) after clozapine initiation. Clozapine related de novo OCD appeared in 48.4% of the patients, and there was a positive correlation between Y-BOCS total scores and clozapine dose and plasma levels. In the de novo OCD group, compulsion scores were higher than obsession scores with checking most prevalent among compulsions. Total PANSS, Y-BOCS, PASscores were positively correlated withtotal disability score.ConclusionsClozapine seems to decrease comorbid depression, alcohol and substance use and number of suicide attempts and increase OCD. Assessment and treatment of psychiatric comorbidities in clozapine using schizophrenia patients is vital to decrease disability.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on TeleMental Health in Youth Mental Health: Focus on Anxiety, Depression and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Laura Orsolini ◽  
Simone Pompili ◽  
Virginio Salvi ◽  
Umberto Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Telemental Health ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Youth Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background and Objectives: The Internet is widely used and disseminated amongst youngsters and many web-based applications may serve to improve mental health care access, particularly in remote and distant sites or in settings where there is a shortage of mental health practitioners. However, in recent years, specific digital psychiatry interventions have been developed and implemented for special populations such as children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: Hereby, we describe the current state-of-the-art in the field of TMH application for young mental health, focusing on recent studies concerning anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder and affective disorders. Results: After screening and selection process, a total of 56 studies focusing on TMH applied to youth depression (n = 29), to only youth anxiety (n = 12) or mixed youth anxiety/depression (n = 7) and youth OCD (n = 8) were selected and retrieved. Conclusions: Telemental Health (TMH; i.e., the use of telecommunications and information technology to provide access to mental health assessment, diagnosis, intervention, consultation, supervision across distance) may offer an effective and efficacious tool to overcome many of the barriers encountering in the delivery of young mental health care.

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