Effects of Posture and Anxiety Level on Effectiveness of Free Association

1969 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome A. Kroth ◽  
Marvin S. Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Differential Effect ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Defense Styles ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Free Associate

Clinical observations have characterized low anxious (LA) Ss as possessing a repressive-denial defense pattern. The psychoanalytic notion that repression diminishes with relaxation and reduced motility on the couch was examined in the predictions that supine LA Ss would free-associate more effectively than supine HA Ss, but that the reverse would hold true in the sitting position. The 10 highest and lowest trait-anxiety rankings in each of the postural conditions were given Bordin's free-association procedure Results indicated a significant effect for posture and an interaction with anxiety level in the predicted direction. The differential effect of motility on repression in LA Ss vis-a-vis other defense styles in HA Ss was discussed.

scholarly journals Surgery information reduces anxiety in the pre-operative period

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Yoshinobu Kiyohara ◽  
Lilian Kakumu Kayano ◽  
Lorena Marçalo Oliveira ◽  
Marina Uemori Yamamoto ◽  
Marco Makoto Inagaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
The State ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Lower State ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Anxiety Levels

PURPOSE: Patients preparing to undergo surgery should not suffer needless anxiety. This study aimed to evaluate anxiety levels on the day before surgery as related to the information known by the patient regarding the diagnosis, surgical procedure, or anesthesia. METHOD: Patients reported their knowledge of diagnosis, surgery, and anesthesia. The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to measure patient anxiety levels. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-nine patients were selected, and 82 females and 38 males were interviewed. Twenty-nine patients were excluded due to illiteracy. The state-anxiety levels were alike for males and females (36.10 ± 11.94 vs. 37.61 ± 8.76) (mean ± SD). Trait-anxiety levels were higher for women (42.55 ± 10.39 vs. 38.08 ± 12.25, P = 0.041). Patient education level did not influence the state-anxiety level but was inversely related to the trait-anxiety level. Knowledge of the diagnosis was clear for 91.7% of patients, of the surgery for 75.0%, and of anesthesia for 37.5%. Unfamiliarity with the surgical procedure raised state-anxiety levels (P = 0.021). A lower state-anxiety level was found among patients who did not know the diagnosis but knew about the surgery (P = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS: Increased knowledge of patients regarding the surgery they are about to undergo may reduce their state-anxiety levels.

Effect of auricular acupuncture on exam anxiety in first-year medical students

MedPharmRes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Duc-Thang Pham ◽  
Van-Dan Nguyen ◽  
Minh-Man Pham Bui ◽  
Thao Nguyen ◽  
Loc Le Quang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Auricular Acupuncture ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exam Anxiety ◽  
First Year Medical Students ◽  
Dominant Side

Background and Objectives: Exam anxiety is a commonly seen problem among medical students. Auricular acupuncture has been shown to have an anxiety-reducing effect, however, data on exam anxiety is limited. Research in dental and preoperative anxiety has indicated that anxiety level could be reduced by using ear acupoints on the non-dominant side. Therefore, this study aims to determine whether needling at acupoints on the non-dominant side can reduce exam anxiety in medical students. Method: This is a prospective observational study on 32 students at The Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Eligible students received auricular acupuncture on the non-dominant side at the Master cerebral, Tranquilizer and Relaxation points. Levels of anxiety were measured using a visual analogue scale before and after the intervention as well as before the exam. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, heart rate, exam performance and adverse events occurring during the study were also collected. Results: Exam anxiety level and heart rate decreased 30 minutes after auricular acupuncture (p<0.05). Before the exam, exam anxiety level and heart rate increased significantly compared to after the intervention but still lower than baseline (p<0.05). The exam anxiety level with heart rate at each time point did not differ significantly in gender and trait anxiety levels (p>0.05). No adverse events from auricular acupuncture were observed. Conclusion: Auricular acupuncture at the Master cerebral, Tranquillizer and Relaxation points on the non-dominant side is effective in reducing exam anxiety in medical students.

scholarly journals 71 Predictors of children anxiety and association with parental anxiety in the preoperative setting at a tertiary pediatric center

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. e29-e30
Author(s):  
Amelie Bastarache ◽  
Genevieve Normand
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
The State ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Preoperative Anxiety ◽  
Parental Anxiety ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Children’S Anxiety ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pediatric Center

Abstract Background Preoperative anxiety is a prevalent phenomenon in the pediatric population. The impact of anxiety can be seen in the children and accompanying family and have significant consequences during anesthesia, the perioperative and postoperative period. Previous studies examining risk factors of anxiety were contradictory and a few studied children aged under 5. Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between parental anxiety and child anxiety in patients undergoing elective surgery in a tertiary pediatric center. The secondary objectives were to identify the cohort characteristics and the risk factors associated with higher anxiety. Design/Methods In this prospective cohort study, 166 children aged from 2 to 12 years old, who had a surgery between March and June 2019, were analyzed. Children’s anxiety at induction was assessed by the anesthesiologist with the Modified Yale Preoperative Scale Short form (mYPAS-SF). Anxiety level of children over 8 years old was self-assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Child form (STAIC) during the preoperative evaluation. Parents’ anxiety was measured with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory form (STAI). Data recorded included personal, familial and sociodemographic details, past healthcare history and prior separations. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression were performed to identify possible risk factors of children’s anxiety and association between child and parent anxiety. Results The prevalence of significant anxiety at induction was 39.8%. No significant association was observed between the level of anxiety of parents compared to their children except in the group of children aged over 8. In this population, statistically significant correlation was observed between the STAIC and the STAI score, with a Pearson coefficient of 0.4. Children aged 2 to 5 years old and parents aged 15 to 35 years old, being an only child and no anterior history of separation were all associated with higher anxiety at induction. In the adjusted analysis, being five years or older was a protective factor (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.12;0.45, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion Parent anxiety does not seem to be a good indicator of children’s anxiety even if an association was observed in the group of 8 to 12 years old. Children under 5 are more at risk of preoperative anxiety and could benefit from new technologies and preparative strategies to lower their anxiety level. Anxiety at induction remains difficult to predict and more studies on the subject need to be carried out.

Parental anxiety among children undergoing cardiac catheterisation

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Kobayashi ◽  
Daniel R. Turner ◽  
Thomas J. Forbes ◽  
Sanjeev Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Cardiac Catheterisation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
State Score

AbstractBackgroundParents may experience anxiety and stress when their children undergo cardiac catheterisation. The goal of this study was to assess the level of anxiety in parents of children undergoing cardiac catheterisation and to identify factors that were associated with level of anxiety.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional survey of parents of children who underwent cardiac catheterisation. Anxiety levels were measured using a validated self-report questionnaire – State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, which generates state anxiety scores on the current state of anxiety and trait anxiety scores on the stable aspects of anxiety proneness. One sample t-test was used to compare the data with normative data. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the factors associated with the state score.ResultsA total of 113 parents completed the survey. The mean age of parents was 34.0±7.7 years and the mean age of children undergoing catheterisation was 6.7±5.7 years. Compared with normative data, mean state score was significantly higher in our cohort (p<0.05) despite no difference in the trait score. Final multivariate model showed that the state score was significantly associated with child age group (<1 year [coefficient β 7.2] and 10–18 years [6.3], compared to 1 to <10 years of age [reference]) and history of previous catheterisation (−5.2) (p<0.05).ConclusionsConcurrent state anxiety level was high among parents of children undergoing cardiac catheterisation, whereas trait anxiety level was not. Higher anxiety was experienced by parents of infants and adolescents without a history of previous catheterisation.

scholarly journals A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTED RISK FACTOR FOR ANXIETY AMONG ANXIOUS CHILDREN

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (33) ◽  
pp. 209-222
Author(s):  
Chen Cheong Chen ◽  
Asmidawati Ashari ◽  
Rahimah Ibrahim ◽  
Wan Aliaa W. Sulaiman ◽  
Kian Yong Koo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Brain Electrical Activity ◽  
Biological Risk ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Trait Anxiety Score

Anxiety disorders are chronic, disabling conditions that are distributed across the globe. Woefully, the consistent increase of prevalence rate had affected people across nations range from children to adults. Biological attributed risk factors had associated strongly with the early onset of anxiety during the childhood stage. This current research intended to study the biological risk factors of brain electrical activity, hereditary and gender effect on trait anxiety among anxious children. A total of 36 children, aged ranged from 8 to 13 years old with high trait anxiety level were recruited by using a purposive sampling method. Self- administered STAIC-T and STAIT were used to measure the trait anxiety level of children and parents respectively. Besides, neuroimaging of Quantitative Electroencephalogram (qEEG) brain mapping was administered to study the brain electrical activity and associated brain locations. Pearson’s Correlation was carried out in order to study the relationship between biological risk factors with trait anxiety level. Results showed that there is a significant relationship between parents’ trait anxiety score and children’s trait anxiety score. Preliminary findings indicated that the brain locations of Fp1, F4, F8, T3, and T4 showed a significant relationship with trait anxiety. In conclusion, hereditary and associated brain locations played a role in affecting the trait anxiety level of children and results in the biological vulnerability of anxiety since birth.

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