Effects of Response Style on Polarity and Validity of Two-Dimensional Mood Models

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
Ross R. Vickers ◽  
Linda K. Hervig
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Response Style ◽  
Factor Space ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
Behavioral Correlates ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Military Recruits

Unipolar and bipolar two-dimensional models have been proposed to represent mood. This study showed that a given data set will produce both a unipolar model and a bipolar model when a response-style adjustment is employed. The two models provided mathematically equivalent descriptions of a single-factor space and were equally valid for describing mood differences between successful and unsuccessful military recruits and between recruits in different basic training platoons. Both models discriminated between these groups as well as a six-factor model. The findings confirmed the existence of a reliable two-dimensional representation of self-reported mood but indicated that any choice between unipolar and bipolar models must be based on criteria other than the structure of self-reported mood. Further comparisons to mote complex mood models are needed to determine whether two dimensions adequately represent self-reported mood when a wider range of situational factors and behavioral correlates are considered. If so, a simple, reliable, consensual model for mood would be available to researchers interested in studying mood determinants and effects.

scholarly journals Las dos dimensiones del rechazo hacia las personas homosexuales / The two dimensions of the rejection toward homosexual persons

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-116
Author(s):  
José Moral De La Rubia ◽  
Adrian Valle De La O
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Internalized Homonegativity ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Probability Sample ◽  
Mexican Students ◽  
Close Fit ◽  
Better Than

Objetivo:Considerando los conceptos de actitud hacia las personas homosexua-les, homofobia y homonegatividad internalizada, este estudio tiene como objetivoscomprobar la hipotética distinción de dos dimensiones dentro del rechazo hacia laspersonas homosexuales, una de rechazo abierto y otra de rechazo sutil.Materialesy métodos:La escala de actitud hacia lesbianas y hombres homosexuales (ATLG),la escala homofobia (HF-8) y la escala de homonegatividad internalizada (HNI-16)fueron aplicadas a una muestra no probabilística de 231 estudiantes mexicanos demedicina y psicología (54% mujeres y 46% hombres). Los datos se analizaron poranálisis factorial confirmatorio.Resultados:Un modelo de dos factores tuvo buenajuste a los datos y su ajuste fue significativamente mejor que el de un modelo deun factor.Conclusiones:La distinción entre manifestaciones sutiles y abiertas en elrechazo hacia personas homosexuales puede ser sostenida empíricamente. Final-mente se hacen sugerencia para la evaluación e intervención en concordancia conesta conceptualización bidimensional. Objective: Taking into account the concepts of attitude toward homosexual persons,homophobia, and internalized homonegativity, the aims of this study were to verify thehypothetical distinction between two dimensions within the rejection toward homosexualpersons, one dimension of open rejection and another dimension of subtle rejection.Materials and methods: The Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay men (ATLG) scale,the 8-itemHomophobia (HF-8) scale and the 16-itemInternalized Homonegativity (HNI-16) scale were applied to a non-probability sample of 231 Mexican students of medicineand psychology (54% women and 46% men). Data were analyzed through confirmatoryfactor analysis. Results: A two-factor model had a close fit to the data, and its fitwas significantly better than the fit of a one-factor model. Conclusion: The distinctionbetween subtle and overt manifestations in the rejection toward homosexual personscan be empirically sustained. Finally, suggestions on evaluation and intervention areproposed in accordance with this two-dimensional conceptualization

Urbanicity, City Delegations, and Two-Dimensional Liberalism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Ogorzalek
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Horizontal Integration ◽  
National Politics ◽  
United Front ◽  
Strategies For Success

This theoretical chapter develops the argument that the conditions of cities—large, densely populated, heterogeneous communities—generate distinctive governance demands supporting (1) market interventions and (2) group pluralism. Together, these positions constitute the two dimensions of progressive liberalism. Because of the nature of federalism, such policies are often best pursued at higher levels of government, which means that cities must present a united front in support of city-friendly politics. Such unity is far from assured on the national level, however, because of deep divisions between and within cities that undermine cohesive representation. Strategies for success are enhanced by local institutions of horizontal integration developed to address the governance demands of urbanicity, the effects of which are felt both locally and nationally in the development of cohesive city delegations and a unified urban political order capable of contending with other interests and geographical constituencies in national politics.

Adolescent Popularity as a Nonlinear, Two-Dimensional Construct: Convergent Results From Three Large Samples

2021 ◽  
pp. 027243162110160
Author(s):  
Peter E. L. Marks ◽  
Ben Babcock ◽  
Yvonne H. M. van den Berg ◽  
Rob Gommans ◽  
Antonius H. N. Cillessen
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Behavioral Correlates ◽  
Large Samples ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Peer Nominations

The goal of this study was to advance the conceptualization and measurement of adolescent popularity by exploring the commonly used composite score (popularity minus unpopularity). We used standardized peer nominations from 4,414 early adolescents (ages ≈ 12-14 years) from three samples collected in two countries. Popularity and unpopularity were strongly related, but not linearly; scatterplots of the two variables resembled an L-shaped right angle. Subsequent analyses indicated that either including popularity as a curvilinear term or including both popularity and unpopularity as separate terms explained significantly more variance in social and behavioral correlates than linear, bivariate analyses using popularity, unpopularity, or composite popularity. These results suggest that researchers studying adolescent popularity should either separate popularity and unpopularity or treat composite popularity as curvilinear.

scholarly journals Interface Roughening in Two Dimensions

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gernot Münster ◽  
Manuel Cañizares Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Capillary Wave ◽  
System Size ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Wave Approximation ◽  
Statistical Field ◽  
Statistical Field Theory ◽  
Interface Roughening

AbstractRoughening of interfaces implies the divergence of the interface width w with the system size L. For two-dimensional systems the divergence of $$w^2$$ w 2 is linear in L. In the framework of a detailed capillary wave approximation and of statistical field theory we derive an expression for the asymptotic behaviour of $$w^2$$ w 2 , which differs from results in the literature. It is confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations.

scholarly journals Prediction of Wide Range Two-Dimensional Refractivity Using an IDW Interpolation Method from High-Altitude Refractivity Data of Multiple Meteorological Observatories

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1431
Author(s):  
Sungsik Wang ◽  
Tae Heung Lim ◽  
Kyoungsoo Oh ◽  
Chulhun Seo ◽  
Hosung Choo
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Atmospheric Condition ◽  
Propagation Path ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Atmospheric Data ◽  
Terrain Surface

This article proposes a method for the prediction of wide range two-dimensional refractivity for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) applications, using an inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation of high-altitude radio refractivity data from multiple meteorological observatories. The radio refractivity is extracted from an atmospheric data set of twenty meteorological observatories around the Korean Peninsula along a given altitude. Then, from the sparse refractive data, the two-dimensional regional radio refractivity of the entire Korean Peninsula is derived using the IDW interpolation, in consideration of the curvature of the Earth. The refractivities of the four seasons in 2019 are derived at the locations of seven meteorological observatories within the Korean Peninsula, using the refractivity data from the other nineteen observatories. The atmospheric refractivities on 15 February 2019 are then evaluated across the entire Korean Peninsula, using the atmospheric data collected from the twenty meteorological observatories. We found that the proposed IDW interpolation has the lowest average, the lowest average root-mean-square error (RMSE) of ∇M (gradient of M), and more continuous results than other methods. To compare the resulting IDW refractivity interpolation for airborne SAR applications, all the propagation path losses across Pohang and Heuksando are obtained using the standard atmospheric condition of ∇M = 118 and the observation-based interpolated atmospheric conditions on 15 February 2019. On the terrain surface ranging from 90 km to 190 km, the average path losses in the standard and derived conditions are 179.7 dB and 182.1 dB, respectively. Finally, based on the air-to-ground scenario in the SAR application, two-dimensional illuminated field intensities on the terrain surface are illustrated.

scholarly journals Is contact angle a cause or an effect? – A cautionary tale

2020 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Douglas Ruth
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Solid Surface ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Flow In Porous Media ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fluid Drop ◽  
Surrounding Fluid

The most influential parameter on the behavior of two-component flow in porous media is “wettability”. When wettability is being characterized, the most frequently used parameter is the “contact angle”. When a fluid-drop is placed on a solid surface, in the presence of a second, surrounding fluid, the fluid-fluid surface contacts the solid-surface at an angle that is typically measured through the fluid-drop. If this angle is less than 90°, the fluid in the drop is said to “wet” the surface. If this angle is greater than 90°, the surrounding fluid is said to “wet” the surface. This definition is universally accepted and appears to be scientifically justifiable, at least for a static situation where the solid surface is horizontal. Recently, this concept has been extended to characterize wettability in non-static situations using high-resolution, two-dimensional digital images of multi-component systems. Using simple thought experiments and published experimental results, many of them decades old, it will be demonstrated that contact angles are not primary parameters – their values depend on many other parameters. Using these arguments, it will be demonstrated that contact angles are not the cause of wettability behavior but the effect of wettability behavior and other parameters. The result of this is that the contact angle cannot be used as a primary indicator of wettability except in very restricted situations. Furthermore, it will be demonstrated that even for the simple case of a capillary interface in a vertical tube, attempting to use simply a two-dimensional image to determine the contact angle can result in a wide range of measured values. This observation is consistent with some published experimental results. It follows that contact angles measured in two-dimensions cannot be trusted to provide accurate values and these values should not be used to characterize the wettability of the system.

scholarly journals Calderón problem for Maxwell's equations in two dimensions

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Y. Imanuvilov ◽  
Masahiro Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Maxwell’S Equations ◽  
Maxwell Equations ◽  
Maxwell's Equations ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Global Uniqueness ◽  
Calderón Problem ◽  
Dirichlet To Neumann Map

AbstractWe prove the global uniqueness in determination of the conductivity, the permeability and the permittivity of the two-dimensional Maxwell equations by the partial Dirichlet-to-Neumann map limited to an arbitrary subboundary.

A Constrained Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm Based on Incremental Points

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 3277-3282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bai Chao Wu ◽  
Ai Ping Tang ◽  
Lian Fa Wang
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Data Structures ◽  
Delaunay Triangulation ◽  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Constrained Delaunay Triangulation

The foundation ofdelaunay triangulationandconstrained delaunay triangulationis the basis of three dimensional geographical information system which is one of hot issues of the contemporary era; moreover it is widely applied in finite element methods, terrain modeling and object reconstruction, euclidean minimum spanning tree and other applications. An algorithm for generatingconstrained delaunay triangulationin two dimensional planes is presented. The algorithm permits constrained edges and polygons (possibly with holes) to be specified in the triangulations, and describes some data structures related to constrained edges and polygons. In order to maintain the delaunay criterion largely，some new incremental points are added onto the constrained ones. After the data set is preprocessed, the foundation ofconstrained delaunay triangulationis showed as follows: firstly, the constrained edges and polygons generate initial triangulations，then the remained points completes the triangulation . Some pseudo-codes involved in the algorithm are provided. Finally, some conclusions and further studies are given.

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