Discriminating between Substance Abusers with Single and Dual Diagnoses Using MMPI Profiles and the MAC Andrews Alcoholism Scale: Axis I and Axis II Subtypes

1988 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 985-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald H. Rozensky ◽  
Barbara Neirick ◽  
Gary M. Slotnick ◽  
Debra Morse
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Substance Abusing ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Heterogeneous Nature ◽  
Dual Diagnoses ◽  
Axis I

The MacAndrews Scale of the MMPI differentiated 21 dual-diagnosis substance abusers with a DSM-III—R, Axis I diagnosis from a group of 21 single-diagnosis substance abusers and 18 dual-diagnosis substance abusers with an Axis II diagnosis. Subjects were 50 substance-abuse only and 39 dual-diagnosis, hospitalized men. Research must take into account the heterogeneous nature of psychiatric diagnoses within the substance-abusing population.

Co-occurrence of Axis I and Axis II disorders in substance abusers

2000 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Verheul ◽  
H. R. Kranzler ◽  
J. Poling ◽  
H. Tennen ◽  
S. Ball ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Axis I

Comparisons of Vocational Rehabilitation Counselors' Attitudes Toward Substance Abusers

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. West ◽  
James H. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
Substance Abusing ◽  
Attitude Survey ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

This research was initiated to determine if differences exist in the attitudes of vocational rehabilitation counselors toward substance abusing clients. Using the Substance Abuse Attitude Survey (SMS), ninety-one vocational rehabilitation counselors were surveyed regarding their beliefs and attitudes toward substance abuse and substance abusers. Results comparing those counselors with and without training in substance abuse issues found those with trainning reported significantly more positive attitudes than their non-trained counterparts in only two areas. However, the attitudes of all counselors were found to be somewhat negative.

scholarly journals Antipsychotic Treatment of Adolescent Dual Diagnosis Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Price ◽  
Nancy C. Brahm
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Chemical Dependency ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Chemical Dependence ◽  
Dual Diagnoses

BACKGROUND A diagnosis of schizophrenia requires development of a pharmacotherapy regimen that balances many factors in the therapeutic decision-making process. Patient age and the presence or absence of comorbid chemical dependency represent two factors. Comorbid chemical dependency can have a profound impact on the successful treatment of schizophrenia, making patients with dual diagnoses of schizophrenia and chemical dependence a uniquely challenging population. There is little information regarding treatment of schizophrenia and chemical dependence in the pediatric population. Existing data from pediatric and adult populations may facilitate a well-guided and knowledgeable approach to treating pediatric dual diagnosis patients. METHODS A review of the literature for medication trials evaluating antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia in childhood and adolescence as well as antipsychotic use in the treatment of the dual diagnoses of schizophrenia and chemical dependence was done. Databases for Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, and PsycInfo were searched using the terms “addiction,” “adolescence,” “childhood,” “dual diagnosis,” “schizophrenia,” and “substance abuse.” Results were limited to English-language articles. RESULTS Seven articles were identified related to psychotic disorders and substance abuse in pediatric populations. Psychosis measurement instruments included the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and Clinical Global Impression. Mean improvements were insignificant in most cases. Medication trials included clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, and molindone. Trial safety concerns included metabolic effects, increased prolactin levels, and akathisia. One study with random assignment to olanzapine was discontinued early because of substantial weight gain without evidence of superior efficacy. Clozapine treatment was associated with more adverse drug events. CONCLUSION There is a great need for more research and use of available data to develop safe and effective treatment guidelines for childhood and adolescent dual diagnosis patients. When appropriate decisions are made regarding treatment of patients with comorbid schizophrenia and chemical dependence, both conditions may benefit with increased remission.

Incidence of axis I and axis II dual diagnosis in hospitalised patients with somatization disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1575-1575
Author(s):  
D. Vasile ◽  
O. Vasiliu ◽  
G. Grigorescu ◽  
A.G. Mangalagiu ◽  
D.G. Ojog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Somatization Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Associated Conditions ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Substance Related Disorders

IntroductionSomatization disorder is frequently associated in epidemiologic trials with depressive, anxiety, other somatoform or substance related disorders, as well as with personality disorders. An examination of psychiatric comorbidity in patients diagnosed with somatization disorder is strongly advised due to the impact of these associated conditions over the prognosis and treatment.ObjectiveTo establish the incidence of psychiatric dual diagnosis in hospitalized patients with somatization disorder.MethodsA group of 37 patients, 22 female and 15 male, mean age 45.9, were evaluated using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Axis I (SCID-I) and Axis II (SCID-II) disorders at the admission in our department for a diagnosis of somatization disorder. All patients included in this trial were known with somatization disorder for at least one year prior to this admission.ResultsPatients diagnosed with somatization disorder presented mostly depressive disorders (46%, n = 17), anxiety disorders (37.8%, n = 14), substance related disorders (16.2%, n = 6) and personality disorders (67.5%, n = 25). A more detailed analysis on axis I established major depressive disorder as the most frequent diagnosis (37.8%, n = 14), followed by panic disorder (27%, n = 10) and alcohol dependence (13.5%, n = 5), while on axis II the histrionic (21.6%, n = 8) and obsessive-compulsive (19%, n = 7) personality disorders were the most frequently associated conditions. A number of 21 patients presented at least three axis I and/or II simultaneous diagnosis (64.8%).ConclusionThe most frequently comorbidities in somatization disorder are major depressive disorder and panic disorder on axis I, as well as histrionic and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder on axis II.

scholarly journals Significant Others in Substance Abusers’ Change Talk During Motivational Interviewing Sessions in the Finnish Probation Service

2014 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harri Sarpavaara
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Substance Abusing ◽  
Change Talk ◽  
Probation Service ◽  
Abuse Treatment ◽  
Service Data

AbstractAIMS – This article explores the meanings substance-abusing clients attach to family and friendships during motivational interviewing (MI) sessions in Probation Service. DATA – The analyses are based on videotaped and transcribed data consisting of 82 MI sessions. This database involves the first two counseling sessions of 41 client-counselor pairs. Sessions were videotaped in 12 Probation Service offices in Finland between 2007 and 2009. METHODS – The analysis relies on coding of client’s change talk utterances and qualitative semiotic framework. RESULTS – The meanings of the significant others were diverse from the point of view of the client’s motivation: family appeared as a support for change, an aspiration, a sufferer, or an obstacle to change; and friendship appeared as an obstacle to change, a surmounted obstacle, a cause to change, or a support to change. CONCLUSIONS - Significant others and their quality are important and diverse factors that promote or hinder change in substance abuser’ change talk. Thus, it is suggested that the meaning of significant others should not be overlooked in MI and other substance abuse treatment.

Compulsory Community-Based Substance Abuse Treatment and the Mentally Ill Criminal Offender

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATTHEW L. HILLER ◽  
KEVIN KNIGHT ◽  
KIRK M. BROOME ◽  
D. DWAYNE SIMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Substance Abuse Program ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Criminal Offender ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Abuse Treatment

The current study examined the relationship between mental health status and 18-month follow-up rearrest data of 191 probationers remanded to 4 months of treatment at a corrections-operated community-based residential substance abuse program. Probationers completed the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II (MCMI-II), which classified 51% with DSM-III-R Axis I and 79% with Axis II disorders. Presence of these psychopathology and personality diagnoses was associated with rearrest after discharge from treatment. After controlling for sociodemographic background variables, arrest history, and substance use, the diagnoses of drug dependence and dysthymia were found to be significant risk factors for probationer rearrest following treatment.

Sex Differences on the MMPI–2 Substance Abuse Scales in Psychiatric Inpatients

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 582-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane L. Wong ◽  
Tricia M. Besett
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Substance Abusing ◽  
Substance Abuse Scales ◽  
Cutoff Scores ◽  
Macandrew Alcoholism Scale ◽  
Lower Cutoff

Sex differences on the MMPI–2 addiction scales (MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale–Revised, Addiction Acknowledgement Scale, Addiction Potential Scale) and their ability to distinguish between substance-abusing and nonabusing psychiatric inpatients were examined. Men obtained higher mean raw scores than women on the MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale–Revised and the Addiction Acknowledgement Scale, and substance abusers scored higher on all three scales. Even relatively low cutoff scores, however, on the MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale–Revised resulted in false negative rates of 37 to 39%. The results support the utility of the MMPI–2 substance abuse scales; however, lower cutoff scores should be used with women and within a psychiatric population.

Substance Abuse in Older Psychiatric Inpatients

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilman Wetterling ◽  
Klaus Junghanns
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Severe Withdrawal ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Multiple Substance ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Substance Abuse Disorders

Abstract. Aim: This study investigates the characteristics of older patients with substance abuse disorders admitted to a psychiatric department serving about 250.000 inhabitants. Methods: The clinical diagnoses were made according to ICD-10. The data of the patients with substance abuse were compared to a matched sample of psychiatric inpatients without substance abuse as well as to a group of former substance abusers with long-term abstinence. Results: 19.3 % of the 941 patients aged > 65 years showed current substance abuse, 9.4 % consumed alcohol, 7.9 % took benzodiazepines or z-drugs (zolpidem and zopiclone), and 7.0 % smoked tobacco. Multiple substance abuse was rather common (30.8 %). About 85 % of the substance abusers had psychiatric comorbidity, and about 30 % showed severe withdrawal symptoms. As with the rest of the patients, somatic multimorbidity was present in about 70 % of the substance abusers. Remarkable was the lower rate of dementia in current substance abusers. Conclusion: These results underscore that substance abuse is still a challenge in the psychiatric inpatient treatment of older people.

Suicidal Behavior in Patients with Adjustment Disorders

Crisis ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kryzhanovskaya ◽  
Randolph Canterbury
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Adjustment Disorders ◽  
Involuntary Hospitalization ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
The Past ◽  
Substance Abuse Disorders ◽  
Axis I

Summary: This retrospective study characterizes the suicidal behavior in 119 patients with Axis I adjustment disorders as assessed by psychiatrists at the University of Virginia Hospital. Results indicated that 72 patients (60.5%) had documented suicide attempts in the past, 96% had been suicidal during their admission to the hospital, and 50% had attempted suicide before their hospitalization. The most commonly used method of suicide attempts was overdosing. Of the sample group with suicide attempts in the past, 67% had Axis II diagnoses of borderline personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder. Adjustment disorder diagnosis in patients with the suicide attempts was associated with a high level of suicidality at admission, involuntary hospitalization and substance-abuse disorders. Axis II diagnoses in patients with adjustment disorders constituted risk factors for further suicidal behavior. Additional future prospective studies with reliability checks on diagnosis of adjustment disorders and suicidal behavior are needed.

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