Effects of Moral Reconation Therapy upon Moral Reasoning, Life Purpose, and Recidivism among Drug and Alcohol Offenders

1989 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Little ◽  
Kenneth D. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Life Purpose ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Drug Offenders ◽  
Moral Reconation Therapy ◽  
Female Inmate ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Offenders

40 incarcerated DWI offenders and 62 drug offenders who were treated with Moral Reconation Therapy were assessed with respect to levels of moral reasoning, their perceived purpose in life, and subsequent recidivism. Analysis showed that, as clients progress in the program, levels of moral reasoning and purpose in life increase significantly. Level of moral reasoning appears to increase with clients' completion of therapeutic steps. Preliminary recidivism data on 103 male and female inmate-clients who have participated in an aftercare program using the therapy appear encouraging.

Relationship of Dui Recidivism to Moral Reasoning, Sensation Seeking, and MacAndrew Alcoholism Scores

1989 ◽  
Vol 65 (3_suppl2) ◽  
pp. 1171-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Little ◽  
Kenneth D. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Life Purpose ◽  
Change Scores ◽  
Moral Reconation Therapy ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Macandrew Alcoholism Scale

115 convicted male DUI offenders were treated with Moral Reconation Therapy during their incarceration. Postrelease recidivism status (arrests) was correlated with the pretest, posttest, and change scores on the MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale, Sensation Seeking Scale, Life-purpose scores, and Moral Reasoning scores. Analysis showed that recidivism correlated positively and significantly with the pretest scores on the MacAndrew scale and approached significance with both pre- and posttest scores on the Sensation Seeking Scale. Recidivism status correlated negatively and significantly with scores on the highest levels of moral reasoning (Scale 6 pretest and posttest and Principled Reasoning pretest).

Bracketed Morality Revisited: How Do Athletes Behave in Two Contexts?

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kavussanu ◽  
Ian D. Boardley ◽  
Sam S. Sagar ◽  
Christopher Ring
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Moral Behavior ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Ego Orientation ◽  
Highly Correlated

The concept of bracketed morality has received empirical support in several sport studies (e.g., Bredemeier & Shields, 1986a, 1986b). However, these studies have focused on moral reasoning. In this research, we examined bracketed morality with respect to moral behavior in sport and university contexts, in two studies. Male and female participants (Study 1: N = 331; Study 2: N = 372) completed questionnaires assessing prosocial and antisocial behavior toward teammates and opponents in sport and toward other students at university. Study 2 participants also completed measures of moral disengagement and goal orientation in both contexts. In most cases, behavior in sport was highly correlated with behavior at university. In addition, participants reported higher prosocial behavior toward teammates and higher antisocial behavior toward opponents in sport than toward other students at university. The effects of context on antisocial behavior were partially mediated by moral disengagement and ego orientation. Our findings extend the bracketed morality concept to prosocial and antisocial behavior.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the ultimate meanings and students’ life-purpose orientations depending on the gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Sergei B. Perevozkin ◽  
◽  
Yulia M. Perevozkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Life Purpose ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Academic Activity ◽  
Pearson Criterion

The relevance of the study is conditioned by rapid transition to digital forms of education, which is associated with the pandemic. Students have changed the way they interact with teachers and with each other, which constantly leads to transformation of personal meanings, values, rethinking of their purpose and role in the educational process. The purpose of the study, presented in the article, is to investigate unusual characteristics of the semantic sphere regarding male and female students’ academic activity. Hypothesis: semantic content of academic activity differs in male and female students. Participants are first-year full-time students, studying at the Faculty of Psychology, Faculty of Engineering and Economics and Faculty of Human Resources Management (N = 102, aged from 18 to 22 years, 52 participants are female students and 50 participants are male students). The participants were tested using Life-Purpose Orientations Test (D. A. Leontiev) and the Ultimate Meanings Technique (D. A. Leontiev). Based on the latter methodology, the entire sample was divided into five groups depending on the presence of a certain meaning. The conjugation of ultimate meanings and gender was determined using φ-Pearson criterion, while MANOVA criterion helped to investigate differences in life-purpose orientations depending on gender and ultimate meanings. We established differentiation within ultimate meanings in education depending on gender of a student: men are focused on respect and safety, while women are focused on getting pleasure and gaining confidence. We found that women connect getting pleasure and gaining confidence while learning with monitoring their lives, whereas male students connect it with the ultimate meanings of security and respect, satisfaction with their own lives and the feeling of being able to influence their life. The obtained results can help to draw the following conclusion: development of the individual system of life-purpose orientations and its functioning in the educational situation are interconnected with gender as one of the most essential biosocial characteristics of an individual.

Alcohol and Drug Offenders in the Juvenile Justice System: Are There Differentials in Handling?

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles F. Frazier ◽  
Roberto Hugh Potter
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Drug Offenders ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
And Control ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

The American stance on law and control policy relating to alcohol and drug use has been replete with vacillations. Decriminalization and treatment oriented responses have emerged alongside continued support for laws calling for stiffer penalties and stepped up enforcement. In this situation, concern has grown over the possibilities that liberal legislation is subverted in actual practice to serve other purposes. It is feared offenders may be coerced into alternative sentences in the name of treatment and that such treatments may ultimately be more restrictive than traditional punitive dispositions. The present study examines the dispositions of juvenile offenders at three levels in the justice system. Alcohol and drug of fenders are compared to other offender types. Our data show no significant differentials in the severity of disposition alcohol and drug offenders receive. Moreover, the data show that youths violating drug and alcohol statutes are no more likely than other offender types at the same level of offense seriousness of being coerced into treatment programs.

scholarly journals Association between healthy lifestyle practices and life purpose among a highly health-literate cohort: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobutaka Hirooka ◽  
Takeru Kusano ◽  
Shunsuke Kinoshita ◽  
Ryutaro Aoyagi ◽  
Nakamoto Hidetomo
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
National Health ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Life Purpose ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Practices ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background The national health promotion program in the twenty-first century Japan (HJ21) correlates life purpose with disease prevention, facilitating the adoption of healthy lifestyles. However, the influence of clustered healthy lifestyle practices on life purpose, within the context of this national health campaign remains uninvestigated. This study assessed the association between such practices and life purpose, in line with the HJ21. Methods We performed a nationwide cross-sectional survey on certified specialists in health management. Participants’ demographic information, lifestyle, and purpose in life were measured using a validated tool. The cohort was median-split into two groups based on their clustered health-related lifestyle score. The values for health-related lifestyle and purpose were compared between the two groups and the correlation between health-related lifestyle and purpose in life was measured. Results Data from 4820 participants were analyzed. The higher-scoring health-related lifestyle group showed a significantly higher life purpose than the lower group (35.3 vs 31.4; t = 23.6, p < 0.001). There was a significant association between the scores of clustered healthy lifestyle practices and life purpose (r = 0.401, p < 0.001). The higher-scoring health-related lifestyle group achieved a higher life purpose than the lower-scoring group. This association between healthy lifestyle practices and life purpose denotes a positive and linear relationship. Conclusions Our results suggest that individuals who have a better health-related lifestyle gain a higher sense of life purpose. In other words, a healthy lifestyle predicts a purpose in life. Our findings posit that examining the causal relationship between healthy lifestyle and purpose in life may be a more efficient approach toward health promotion.

scholarly journals Purpose in Life During COVID-19 Confinement: Effect of Physical Activity and Meditation

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Néstor Romero-Ramos ◽  
Óscar Romero-Ramos ◽  
Arnoldo José González Suarez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Life Purpose ◽  
Life Test ◽  
The Family ◽  
Purpose In Life Test ◽  
Mental Relaxation

Abstract Introduction The pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus has led states to issue orders for confinement and suspension of activities such as education. The purpose of this study is to interpret the Purpose in Life Test (PIL) and its relationship to physical activity and mental relaxation/meditation in confinement. Material and methods A survey was conducted in an online form on 533 individuals (39 ± 11 years) using the Purpose in Life Test (PIL) and an ad-hoc questionnaire regarding physical activity time (PA), mental relaxation/meditation time (RM), hours of sleep (HS), number of people in confinement (NPC) and concerns and satisfaction during confinement. Results The overall mean of the PIL test was 114 ± 16, indicating a strong life purpose, and there were no differences by sex or by levels of physical activity, but for RM and age levels. The scores of the PIL test were positively correlated with the age, PA and time of RM. On the other hand, the main concern is the economy (50%) and health or getting sick by COVID-19 (37%), and what gives the greatest satisfaction is the family (40%) and sharing and spending time with the family (33%). People who perform RM activities at least 30 min/week have significantly higher PIL test scores. Conclusions Despite the drastic changes caused by confinement, individuals have a strong life purpose. Family companionship, home PA and RM act as a protective factor during confinement and in maintaining physical and mental health.

scholarly journals Association between healthy lifestyle practices and life purpose among a highly health-literate cohort: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobutaka Hirooka ◽  
Takeru Kusano ◽  
Shunsuke Kinoshita ◽  
Ryutaro Aoyagi ◽  
Hidetomo Nakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
National Health ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Life Purpose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Practices ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Lower Group

Abstract Background The national health promotion program in 21st century in Japan (HJ21) correlates life purpose with disease prevention; facilitating the adoption of healthy lifestyles. However, the influence of clustered healthy lifestyle practices on life purpose, in the context of a national health campaign, remains uninvestigated. Hence, this study assessed the association between such practices and life purpose in line with the HJ21. Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey was given to certified specialists in health management. Participants’ demographic information, lifestyle, and purpose in life using a validated tool were measured. The cohort was median-split into two groups based on their clustered health-related lifestyle score. Health-related lifestyle and purpose were compared between the two groups, and the correlation between health-related lifestyles and purpose in life was measured. Results Data from 4,820 participants were analyzed. The higher scoring health-related lifestyle group showed a significantly higher life purpose than the lower group (35.3 vs 31.4; t = 23.6, p < 0.001). The association between the scores of clustered healthy lifestyle practices and life purpose was significant (r = 0.401, p < 0.001). The better health-related lifestyle group achieved a higher life purpose than the lower group. This association between healthy lifestyle practices and life purpose denotes a positive and linear relationship. Conclusions The present study suggest that individuals who have a better health-related lifestyle gain a higher sense of life purpose. Healthy lifestyle predicted purpose in life. Examining causal relation between healthy lifestyle and purpose in life may provide more efficient approach for health promotion.

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