Do Health Questionnaires Which Do Not Consider Sex Differences Miss Important Information?

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Gibson ◽  
M. J. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Eysenck Personality Inventory ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Health Questionnaires

The influence of gender on subsets of scores of Sense of Coherence, Hardiness, and personality traits was assessed in relation to psychological well-being using the Sense of Coherence Questionnaire, the Dispositional Resilience Scale, the Eysenck Personality Inventory, and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. In a sample of Open University students (67 men aged 21 to 71 years and 239 women aged 19 to 66 years) sex differences were found in subsets of scores of Sense of Coherence, Hardiness, personality, and psychological well-being.

The Psychological Well-being of Supporters of the Demented Elderly

1987 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Eagles ◽  
A. Craig ◽  
F. Rawlinson ◽  
D. B. Restall ◽  
J. A. G. Beattie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Assessment ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Stress Scale

Interviews were conducted with the co-resident supporters of 79 elderly subjects. Forty of these elderly subjects had been diagnosed as being demented (20 mildly, 12 moderately and eight severely) following psychiatric assessment. The supporters were screened for psychological well-being with the 60-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Relatives' Stress Scale (RSS). Supporters of demented relatives showed significantly raised levels of stress on the RSS, but no increase in psychiatric morbidity on the GHQ, when compared with the supporters of non-demented relatives. The implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Dehydroepiandrosterone Improves Psychological Well-Being in Male and Female Hypopituitary Patients on Maintenance Growth Hormone Replacement

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 3773-3779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia M. Brooke ◽  
Leonila A. Kalingag ◽  
Farideh Miraki-Moud ◽  
Cecilia Camacho-Hübner ◽  
Katharine T. Maher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Short Form ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Short Form 36 ◽  
Gh Replacement ◽  
Gh Deficiency In Adults

Abstract Context: Patients with panhypopituitarism have impaired quality of life (QoL) despite GH replacement. They are profoundly androgen deficient, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has been shown to have a beneficial effect on well-being and mood in patients with adrenal failure and possibly in hypopituitarism. Objective: Our objective was to determine the effect of DHEA administration on mood in hypopituitary adults on established GH replacement with a constant serum IGF-I. Design: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted over an initial 6 months followed by an open phase of 6 months of DHEA. Setting: The study was conducted at a tertiary referral endocrinology unit. Patients: Thirty female and 21 male hypopituitary patients enrolled. Data from 26 females and 18 males were analyzed after patient withdrawal. Interventions: DHEA (50 mg) was added to maintenance replacement including GH. Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome objective was the effect on QoL and libido assessed by QoL assessment in GH deficiency in adults, Short Form 36, General Health Questionnaire, EuroQol, and sexual self-efficacy scale. Results: Patients had impaired QoL at baseline compared with the age-matched British population. Females showed improvement in QoL assessment in GH deficiency in adults score (−2.9 ± 2.8 DHEA vs.−0.53 ± 3 placebo; P < 0.05), in Short Form 36 social functioning (14.6 ± 23.1 DHEA vs.−4.7 ± 25 placebo; P = 0.047), and general health perception (9.6 ± 14.2 DHEA vs.−1.2 ± 11.6 placebo; P = 0.036) after 6 months of DHEA. Men showed improvement in self-esteem (−1.3 ± 1.7 DHEA vs. 0.5 ± 1.5 placebo; P = 0.03) and depression (−1.6 ± 2.2 DHEA vs. 1.2 ± 2.4 placebo, P = 0.02) domains of the General Health Questionnaire after 6 months of DHEA. Conclusions: DHEA replacement leads to modest improvement in psychological well-being in female and minor psychological improvement in male hypopituitary patients on GH replacement.

scholarly journals Reliability, Validity and Factor Structure of the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire among General Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miodraga Stefanovska Petkovska ◽  
Marjan I. Bojadziev ◽  
Vesna Velikj Stefanovska
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Oblique Rotation ◽  
Nationally Representative

AIM: The aim of the study is to analyze the internal consistency; validity and factor structure of the twelve item General Health Questionnaire for the Macedonian general population.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data came from nationally representative sample of 1603 randomly selected Macedonians all aged 18 years or older.RESULTS: The mean GHQ score in the general sample was found to be 7.9 (SD = 4.3). The results revealed a higher GHQ score among women (M = 8.91, SD = 4.5) compared to men (M = 6.89; SD = 4.2). The participants from the rural areas obtained a lower GHQ score (M = 7.55, SD = 3.8) compared to participants coming from the urban areas (M = 9.37, SD = 4.1). The principal component analysis with oblique rotation (direct oblimin) with maximum likelihood procedure solution was performed and the results yielded a three factor solution which jointly accounted for 57.17% of the total variance: Factor I named social management (items 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8); Factor II stress (items 2, 5 and 9) and Factor III named self-confidence (items 10, 11 and 12). Its factor structure is in line with representative research from other population groups.CONCLUSION: The GHQ-12 can be used effectively for assessment of the overall psychological well-being and detection of non-psychotic psychiatric problems among the Macedonian population.

Construct Validity of the Adolescent Resilience Scale

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1217-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Oshio ◽  
Hitoshi Kaneko ◽  
Shinji Nagamine ◽  
Motoyuki Nakaya
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
General Health ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Psychological Features

The aim of this study was to assess the construct validity of the Adolescent Resilience Scale which measures the psychological features of resilient individuals. Research involving this scale, the Negative Life Events Scale, and the General Health Questionnaire was conducted with a group of 207 Japanese undergraduate students (104 men and 103 women; M age = 20.2 yr., SD =.9). A cluster analysis for the Negative Life Events Scale and General Health Questionnaire yielded three clusters: (1) mentally healthy with little experience of Negative Life Events, (2) poorer mental health with many experiences of Negative Life Events, (3) mentally healthy despite many experiences of Negative Life Events. These three groups were defined as (1) Well Adjusted, (2) Vulnerable, and (3) Resilient, respectively. Mean differences in scores on the Adolescent Resilience Scale among the three groups were subjected to one-way analysis of variance. The mean scores of both the Well Adjusted and Resilient groups were higher than that of the Vulnerable group, and therefore support the construct validity of the Adolescent Resilience Scale.

Neuroticism and Sense of Coherence

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Gibson ◽  
M. J. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
General Health ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Eysenck Personality Inventory ◽  
Item Orientation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health Questionnaires

The relationship of scores on sense of coherence with measures of personality traits was assessed using the 29-item Orientation to Life Questionnaire and the Eysenck Personality Inventory. In one group of 95 mixed-sex students scores on Neuroticism bore a highly negative relationship with scores on sense of coherence. Findings support the current literature that health questionnaires may indirectly measure Neuroticism and that personality variables play an important role in general health.

scholarly journals Coping and health in harassed teachers

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
MARIA CONSUELO MORÁN ASTORGA
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being

The present study examined the relationship among bullying, coping strategies, and health in a sample of 255 Spanish teachers. They completed a set of questionnaires to evaluate: 1) bullying (with a bullying perceived questionnaire); 2) health (with General Health Questionnaire); and 3) coping strategies (with the Brief COPE). Results showed that teachers bullied by colleagues had a poorer health than those not bullied. The analysis established also the differences between targets and non-targets in coping strategies: It was observed that bullying targets use more non-functional coping strategies and fewer functional ones than non-targets. These results suggest that it is necessary eradicate bullying in order to improve workers’ health and well-being. The victims also need to change their strategies to coping harassment. More investigations in these issues are needed, as they are essential to workplace health and well-being.ResumenEn este estudio se examinó la relación entre el sentimiento de acoso psicológico en el trabajo, la salud y las estrategias de afrontamiento del estrés. Participaron 255 profesores no universitarios que completaron el Cuestionario de Acoso Psicológico Percibido, el Cuestionario de Salud General y el Brief Cope (Cope-28, en español). Los resultados hallaron que los profesores acosados por colegas tenían peor salud que los no acosados. Se encontraron también diferencias en el uso de estrategias de afrontamiento entre las víctimas y las no víctimas de acoso: las primeras utilizan más estrategias disfuncionales y menos estrategias funcionales. Estos resultados sugieren que es necesario erradicar el acoso en el entorno laboral con el fin de mejorar la salud y el bienestar. También las víctimas de acoso necesitan cambiar sus estrategias de afrontar el bullying. Son necesarias mas investigaciones en el campo de la salud y el bienestar en el ámbito laboral.

Is Globus Hystericus?

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet A. Wilson ◽  
I. J. Deary ◽  
A. G. D. Maran
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Ambulatory Ph Monitoring ◽  
Eysenck Personality Inventory ◽  
Globus Sensation ◽  
Conversion Disorders ◽  
Ambulatory Ph ◽  
Nose And Throat

Forty-six patients, 9 male, 37 female, presenting to an ear, nose and throat department with a principal complaint of globus sensation were investigated by radiology, manometry, endoscopy and prolonged ambulatory pH monitoring to exclude a physical basis for their symptoms. Patients also underwent assessment by the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The only organic abnormalities detected were an abnormal degree of oesophageal acid exposure (seven patients) and oesophageal spasm (one patient). Female patients were neurotic introverts on EPI testing; males were stable ambiverts. High GHQ scores were present in 13 females (35%) and one male and there was a significant correlation between N scores (in the EPI) and GHQ scores. We propose that globus is a useful, single-symptom model for the study of conversion disorders.

scholarly journals Schoolteachers' Resilience Does but Self-Efficacy Does Not Mediate the Influence of Stress and Anxiety Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Depression and Subjective Well-Being

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inn-Kyu Cho ◽  
Jihoon Lee ◽  
Kyumin Kim ◽  
Joohee Lee ◽  
Sangha Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Efficacy ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
High Level ◽  
School Tasks

Objectives: In the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, schoolteachers experience stress from addressing students or performing school tasks that may result in burnout. This study aimed to observe whether teachers' stress and anxiety due to the pandemic can influence their depression or psychological well-being and examine whether their resilience or self-efficacy mediates this association.Methods: During March 4–15, 2021, 400 teachers participated and responded voluntarily to an online survey that included the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 items (SAVE-9), the Teacher-Efficacy Scale, the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, and the Patients Health Questionnaire-9 items.Results: High psychological well-being of teachers in COVID-19 pandemic era was expected by a low SAVE-9 score (aOR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91–0.99), a high level of self-efficacy (aOR = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.06), and a high BRS score (aOR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.10–1.27). Moreover, teachers' resilience mediated the effects of stress and anxiety from the COVID-19 pandemic on their subjective well-being or depression.Conclusions: Schoolteachers' subjective well-being and depression were influenced by high levels of stress and anxiety of the viral epidemic, and their resilience mediated this relationship in this COVID-19 pandemic era.

Psychiatric well-being among men leaving prison reporting a history of injecting drug use: A longitudinal analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110481
Author(s):  
Ashleigh C Stewart ◽  
Reece Cossar ◽  
Anna Lee Wilkinson ◽  
Nick Scott ◽  
Paul Dietze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Community Reintegration ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Questionnaire Score ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Health Questionnaire Score

Background: Community reintegration from prison is typically stressful, with several health and social outcomes impacting psychiatric well-being during this time, often exacerbated among individuals with histories of drug use. Longitudinal data was used to assess change in psychiatric well-being over 2 years following release from prison among men who reported a recent history of injecting drug use. Methods: Data for this study come from the Prison and Transition Health cohort study of 400 men recruited in prison prior to release and followed up over three time points. Psychiatric well-being was assessed using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. We calculated change in individual General Health Questionnaire scores between interviews and identified covariates associated with General Health Questionnaire score using linear mixed-effects regression. Results: Data from 690 follow-up interviews among 326 participants were included in analyses. There was considerable variation in individuals’ General Health Questionnaire scores. Moving accommodation frequently and frequent illicit drug injections were associated with an increase in General Health Questionnaire score (i.e. decline in psychiatric well-being). Two or more prior adult imprisonment episodes, social supports and past month primary healthcare attendance were associated with a decrease in General Health Questionnaire score. Conclusion: Our findings identify health, social and structural influences on psychiatric well-being after release from prison that can inform re-entry programmes to support community reintegration.

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