scholarly journals Causes of Rework in Construction Projects in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
R. Trach ◽  
K. Pawluk ◽  
M. Lendo-Siwicka
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Real Estate Development ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Construction Enterprises ◽  
Construction Market ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Political Turmoil

AbstractThe collapse of the Soviet Union was the cause of a significant decline in many economies of the newly created countries. However, many of them, including the Ukrainian economy, are slowly recovering. One of the largest branches of the economy in this country is construction, which, despite political turmoil, is constantly growing, especially in the private real estate development sector. Despite the fact that the construction market is constantly developing, it is limited by the costs of rework and alterations resulting from many reasons. The key negative effects of modifications to the results of the project are exceeding the budget and time of project implementation, dissatisfaction with the project team, violation of contractual requirements and lowering the quality of the final product. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to determine the reasons for the emergence of rework in the in Ukraine by analyzing the results of surveys conducted among construction enterprises.

Development of the Legal Framework for Regulating Relations for the Training and Retraining of Judges in the Soviet Period (1946–1991)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
S. I. Pukhnarevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The Soviet Union

The article shows the formation of the legal basis for the formation, development and functioning of the system of training and retraining of judicial personnel in the country in the period from 1946 until the end of the USSR. The article also explores the forms and approaches to the organization of improving the quality of the staff of the judicial system. It was concluded that the Soviet Union has formed an ideologically oriented, strictly centralized Federal-Republican system of professional development of court employees.

scholarly journals A big picture: bibliometric study of academic publications from post-Soviet countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maia Chankseliani ◽  
Andrey Lovakov ◽  
Vladimir Pislyakov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Academic Publications ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
Global Research

AbstractThe world’s largest community of scientists disintegrated following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. With extremely scarce resources and limited academic freedom as starting points, researchers in this region have been creating new knowledge; they have been building on rich scientific traditions in selected disciplines and, at times, paving new paths in non-traditional disciplines. At present, the cumulative contribution of post-Soviet countries to global research output is only three percent, indicating that these countries are not key players on the global research scene. This study uses bibliometric methods to offer novel empirical insight into the quantity and impact of academic publications; it also looks at the quality of journals in which the output is published. The findings reveal that fifteen post-Soviet countries differ considerably in terms of how much they have prioritised research, as well as the quantity, quality, and impact of their publications. The research productivity across the region has not been high and, taken together, these countries have produced publications of considerably lower quality and lower impact when viewed in the context of global research output. At the same time, researchers from post-Soviet countries tap into international collaborative networks actively, resulting in an exceptionally large proportion of publications from this region being internationally co-authored. In the historical context of Soviet research being known as one of the least collaborative globally, this finding indicates that researchers in the region are attractive to international collaborators and may be seeking such partnerships due to relatively modest research capacity at home.

„Socialist postmodernism”: residential architecture in Kyiv Podil district (Ukraine)

BUILDER ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 293 (12) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Svitlana Linda
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Residential Quarters

Despite the short chronological span of the socialist era architecture heritage, it remains little investigated and underappreciated. Given the political and cultural isolation of the Soviet Union republics and strict architectural design regulations, there was a widespread belief that architects should not use innovative trends. This article exemplifies residential quarters in the historic Podil district, designed and built in the 1970s-1980s in Kyiv. They vividly demonstrate the postmodern ideas embodied in Ukrainian architecture. Methodologically, the article bases on the Ch. Jencks definition of postmodernism and in the comparison of his ideology with the implemented Kyiv project. It states that Kyiv architects proposed not typical Soviet construction projects but international postmodern architectural solutions. It proves that, on the one hand, Ukrainian architects had perfect qualifications to draw construction projects implementing advanced world trends of the time. But on the other hand, it highlights that postmodernism in architecture did not merely confine to Western Europe and the United States but also penetrated the Iron Curtain, exemplifying innovative architectural thinking which ran contrary to the modernist paradigm.

Political constraints on economic efficiency: a reconsideration of the American and Soviet economies

1981 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-158
Author(s):  
R.T. Maddock
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Extensive Growth

The formulation and execution of economic policy towards the Soviet block has generally been based on the presumption by Western governments of the inevitable and demonstrable economic superiority of capitalist over communist systems. Expectations derived from theoretical analysis of the misallocation of economic resources that would obtain in an economy lacking a rational price system appear to be sustained by empirical investigation of the Soviet Union. The impossibility of ensuring consistent and optimal plans, the failure to meet demand in terms of both quantity and quality of consumer goods and the requirement of excessive inputs of factors and resources per unit of output in both industry and agriculture compared with the mixed economies have been well documented, and appear to be endemic in Eastern Europe. Although it is more difficult to make international comparisons of dynamic efficiency due to the lack of an appropriate conceptual framework, both theoretical and empirical analyses appear to sustain the conventional orthodoxy. Material balances planning, and in particular the system of factor rewards prevailing in the U.S.S.R., give rise to expectations of bias against technical progress. The most comprehensive investigation into the sources of technological progress in the Soviet Union shows that in the period 1945–65, only 11 per cent of the technologies then in use had been internally generated, the rest being imported from capitalist sources. It has been estimated that, the technology gap between the U.S.A. and the U.S.S.R. may be between 10 and 25 years. The impressively high growth rates achieved by the Soviet Union in the 1950s and early 1960s, it is further claimed, are not evidence of the eventual dynamic superiority of the planned system, as Soviet economists insist, but are no more than a reflection of the low level of economic development which the Soviet economy had attained by the beginning of the period of the Five Year Plans. Once abundant and under-utilized factors of production were fully absorbed into the economy, the requirement of the extensive growth model for large inputs of labour and capital per unit of output would cause a deceleration of growth rates. Statistics for the 1970s appear to bear out the prediction.

Deng Xiaoping: The Statesman

1993 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 551-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Yahuda
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Deng Xiaoping ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Moral Dimensions ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
At Home

Alone of the world's Communist leaders, Deng Xiaoping has charted a course that has combined for his country rapid economic development, successful economic reform and openness to the capitalistic international economy with continued dictatorship by the Communist Party. Under his leadership Communist rule in China has survived the demise of Communism in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the Soviet Union-the motherland of Communism. In the process the regime has weathered the ending of the Cold War and has become more engaged with the Asia-Pacific region. But Deng's reputation at home and abroad has been badly tarnished by his ruthlessness in masterminding the Tiananmen massacre of 4 June 1989. But that ruthlessness is absolutely central to Deng's political philosophy and strategy. For him it is the basis of order at home which alone ensures that the economic policies of reform and openness can be carried out without undermining Communist Party rule through the spread of liberal influences. In so far as statesmanship requires moral dimensions it will be necessary in assessing the quality of Deng's statesmanship to consider the meaning of statesmanship itself.

scholarly journals Groundwater resources of Uzbekistan: an environmental and operational overview

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shavkat Rakhmatullaev ◽  
Frédéric Huneau ◽  
Jusipbek Kazbekov ◽  
Hélène Celle-Jeanton ◽  
Mikael Motelica-Heino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Irrigation Development ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Runoff Quality

AbstractAs a result of the massive irrigation development during the Soviet Union era and intensive chemization of agriculture, the surface runoff quality has been degraded in this arid and endorheic region. Moreover hydraulically related groundwater has also been affected. Excessive irrigation has lead to land salinization, which now threatens the soil quality of significant areas where crop yields would be at risk in the future. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, institutional changes have been undertaken for the management of natural resources and water infrastructure. At present, underdeveloped and inadequate systems have been practiced with respect to groundwater use and management. This paper analyzes the present extent of groundwater resources with consideration to their reserves, quality evolution, and to technical, institutional and transboundary management practices in Uzbekistan.

scholarly journals Problems and Countermeasures in the Process of Architecture and Design of Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Lin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Construction Engineering ◽  
Construction Enterprises ◽  
Architectural Engineering ◽  
Architecture And Design

<p>Researchers say that in recent years, driven by economic development, China’s construction engineering industry has developed vigorously. In this process, with the emergence of a large number of construction projects, the attention of all sectors of society to the quality of construction projects has been continuously improved. To solve this problem, as the main designer and builder of the project, the construction enterprises should actively analyze and explore the construction and design work according to the actual situation of the project, so as to effectively improve the comprehensive ability of their own engineering buildings and lay a foundation for further improvement and optimization of the engineering quality. In this study, the researchers explored and thought about the main problems existing in the design and construction of architectural engineering in China. In the process, the researchers put forward corresponding optimization countermeasures for related problems with their own professional knowledge, aiming at further improving and optimizing the comprehensive quality of architectural engineering.</p>

A Guide to Central Asian Music on Compact Discs

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Craig Macrae
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Excellent Teaching ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Musical Genres ◽  
Recorded Performances ◽  
Artistic Quality ◽  
Asian Music

The Dissolution of the Soviet Union has inspired a growing awareness of the dynamic cultures of Central Asia accompanied by an expanding catalogue of resources for use in teaching and research. Among these resources are an abundance of excellent recordings of Central Asian music available on compact disc. This review serves as an introductory guide to recordings of Central Asian music that will enrich personal collections, serve as excellent teaching materials, and enhance possibilities for research. The CDs recommended here are anthologies that have been chosen for the artistic quality of the recorded performances, broad and representative coverage of relevant musical genres, and above all for the reliable commentary that accompanies these productions.

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