Czytankowy heroizm, niewygodny rewizjonizm czy historyczny realizm? O różnych drogach polityki pamięci we współczesnym polskim kinie historycznym — rekonesans

This paper aims to reflect on various aspects of memory politics present in contemporary historical cinema. All films depicting the past carry certain theses or thoughts of a political nature meant to strengthen the contemporary discourse on Polish (and not only) history. The paper presents analyses of three sorts of memory politics: pedagogy of pride, pedagogy of shame and visual historiography (historiophoty). The black-and-white heroism referred to as the reading book heroism presented in Caroline (Karolina), History of Roj (Historia Roja), Broken ear of grain (Zerwany kłos) and in The Outcast (Wyklęty) are examples of pedagogy of pride, favoured by the current Polish authorities from the Law and Justice party (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość). Such works as the Oscar-winning Ida, Summer solstice (Letnie przesilenie) and Consent (Zgoda) are, in turn, emanations of the so-called pedagogy of shame and can be seen as a reference to the message of ambiguous masterpieces from the period of the ‘Polish film school’, in particular to the artistic output of Andrzej Munk. A separate place is to be dedicated to historical works by Wojciech Smarzowski, who in Rose (Róża) and Volhynia (Wołyń) consistently creates visually credible tales of history in order to reflect in a general manner on the non-existent world of the past and ordinary people living therein. The main conclusion of the article is the statement that historical politics functioning in films depicting the past is meant to be a temporary intervention which may function in a long-term perspective only, given the high artistic quality of the artwork. Otherwise the movie quickly falls into oblivion and loses its influence on the collective social memory.

Method of Designing Residential Buildings in Voronezh Using Complex Configured Block Sections

Состояние проблемы. Улучшение архитектурно-художественного облика новой застройки города, индивидуализация ее давно стали актуальными проблемами. В шестидесятых и семидесятых годах прошлого века в Воронеже было построено немало домов по типовым проектам, которые сделали застройку новых районов города однообразной и однотипной. Новые районы в разных городах нашей страны потеряли свою индивидуальность, стали похожи друг на друга. В Воронеже однотипность и монотонность новых построенных и строящихся районов, таких как Шилово, Отрадное и другие, создали проблему весьма однообразной и безликой застройки, которая производится по типовым (повторно применяемым) проектам с весьма ограниченным перечнем типовых секций. Результаты. Методика подхода к проектированию, предложенная авторами проектов жилых комплексов, позволила сделать ряд объектов массовой застройки достаточно самобытными, не похожими друг на друга. В статье анализируются несколько построенных в Воронеже жилых комплексов массовой застройки, архитектурного своеобразия которых удалось добиться за счет разработки и применения блок-секций сложной конфигурации. Выводы. Применение секций сложной конфигурации может помочь градостроителям, работающим над проектами новых жилых комплексов, найти оригинальные объемно-планировочные решения, обеспечивающие своеобразие застройки Воронежа. Архитектурно-художественное качество новых районов при условии их неповторимости и разнообразия будет достойно исторического центра города Воронежа. Statement of the problem. Improving the architectural and artistic look of the new development of the city, its individualization have long been an problem to address. In the 1960s and 1970s in Voronezh a lot of houses were built in compliance with standard projects, which made the construction of new areas of the city monotonous and monotonous. New districts in different cities of this country have lost their individuality becoming similar to one another. In Voronezh, the uniformity and monotony of newly designed areas and those under construction, such as Shilovo, Otradnoye, etc., have led to a problem of very monotonous and impersonal construction, which is performed according to the standard (outdated) projects with a very limited list of standard sections. Results. The method of approach to design set forth by the authors of the projects of residential complexes enabled one to make a number of objects of mass construction quite original, not similar to one another. The article analyzes several mass construction complexes built in Voronezh whose architectural originality was attained by means of developing and applying complex configured block sections. Conclusions. The use of sections of complex configuration can assist urban planners working on projects of new residential complexes in finding original spatial planning solutions to provide the originality of the construction of Voronezh. The architectural and artistic quality of the new districts on condition that they are unique and diverse will be worthwhile the historic center of Voronezh.

An Academic Edition of a Russian Gothic Novel

The book under review is an edition of the novel The Black Woman (1834) by the nineteenth-century Russian writer Nikolai Gretsch, part of the academic series “Literary Monuments”. It was prepared for publication by E. V. Markasova: the edition is supported by an extensive scholarly apparatus, including two supplemental texts from the 1830s, two scholarly articles, notes on the text, a chronicle of Gretsch’s life and work, a bibliography, and a list of illustrations. The reviewer evaluates the scholarly work of Markasova and her colleagues higher than the artistic quality of the novel itself, which suffers from the imperfections characteristic of early experiments in popular fiction. The reviewer believes that the aesthetic context in which Gretsch’s Gothic novel is considered must include not only genre, but also the artistic movements of the epoch, especially Romanticism. The lack of attention to this issue leads to some doubtful and controversial assertions in the notes concerning literary trends in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. At the end of the review, the author comes to the conclusion that academic studies are currently experiencing heightened interest in the mystical and irrational in literature.

METHOD OF DESIGNING RESIDENTIAL COMPLEXES IN VORONEZH WITH THE USE OF BLOCK-SECTIONS OF COMPLEX CONFIGURATION

Statement of the problem. Improving the architectural and artistic appearance of the new development of the city, its individualization has long been an urgent problem. In the 1960s and 70s, many houses were built in Voronezh according to standard projects, which made the development of new areas of the city monotonous and of the same type. New districts in different cities of our country have lost their identity, have become similar to each other. In Voronezh, the monotony and monotony of new built and under construction areas such as Shilovo, Otradnoye and other microdistricts have created a problem that again needs to be solved. The development is very monotonous and impersonal, because it is conducted according to standard (re-used) projects with a very limited list of standard sections. Results. The methodology of the approach to design proposed by the authors of the projects of residential complexes allowed us to implement a number of objects of mass development quite interesting, not similar to each other. The article analyzes several residential complexes of mass development built in Voronezh, the architectural originality of which was achieved through the development and use of block sections of complex configuration.Conclusions. The use of sections of complex configuration can help urban planners working on projects of new residential complexes to find original space-planning solutions that ensure the uniqueness of the development of Voronezh. The architectural and artistic quality of the new districts, provided that they are unique and diverse, will be worthy of the historical center of the city of Voronezh.

Dancing Practice Teaching and Thinking of Art Education Major

Dance practice teaching is an important way for college art education students to broaden their knowledge horizons and improve their overall artistic quality. At present, dance practice teaching still faces some practical problems and difficulties in teaching design, teaching methods and teaching ability. In the future, dance practice teaching should continuously optimize teaching goals and plans, innovate teaching models, and further enhance the professional practice teaching capabilities of dance teachers.

“Serious” Cinema and the Box Office

Ideological pressure continued to bedevil film editing and production in the 1970s. This decade saw increasing financial pressure and an emphasis on budgetary control. A scandal about Aleksei German’s Operation “New Year” was related to the film’s representation of the “Great Patriotic War,” but also to the failure to comply with production targets. The fuss led to the sacking of Ilya Kiselev and the appointment of Communist Party apparatchik Viktor Blinov. Yet Blinov continued to subscribe to Lenfilm’s core values of artistic quality and respect for talent, with the result that conflicts with regulatory bodies persisted. This was exacerbated by the policies of Leningrad’s Party leader, Grigory Romanov, who kept the studio’s activities under tight scrutiny. In 1978, Blinov was dismissed. The next appointment as general director was Vasily Provotorov, and most of his short tenure of office was occupied with issues of work discipline, with the liveliest work done for TV rather than the big screen. But under his successor, Vitaly Aksenov, filmmakers had the opposite problem of autocratic control that paid little heed to the studio’s artistic ethos. The main development of Aksenov’s time as director, which ended after only three years, was a successful line in blockbuster romantic comedies, such as Vladimir Bortko’s The Blonde from around the Corner and Igor Maslennikov’s Winter Cherries. Otherwise, signs of discontent and malaise became ever stronger. The studio entered the Gorbachev years in a diminished condition, having sacrificed the artistic prestige that reached its heights in the mid-1970s.

The Research of Fine Arts Education with Cultivating Aesthetic Appreciation and Creativity as the Core Quality

In the process of art education and teaching, the improvement of students' aesthetic quality and creative ability is the main goal of art teaching. At the same time, it is also the fundamental basis and direction of teaching. In art teaching, aesthetic education is not only reflected by art skills and teaching basis, but also can not separate aesthetic education from basic knowledge and skills of art education. The cultivation of students' artistic quality and creative ability is the main content of the current development of art education and teaching. Colleges and universities should effectively improve and optimize the teaching courses and teaching contents from the aspects of teaching methods, teaching environment, teaching resources, so as to realize the effective cultivation of students' aesthetic quality and creativity. This paper mainly expounds the significance of cultivating students' aesthetic quality and creative ability, and effectively expounds the methods of improvement, aiming to promote the continuous development and reform of art education in colleges and universities, and improve the level of art education.

Emphasis: Category of sublime in contemporary aesthetic culture

The text has the aspiration to sketch a frame of reference for understanding the concept of the sublime today, as it is used in the context of art. The basic idea is to investigate how the category of the sublime appears in the modern age, both within aesthetic theories and with regard to certain poetics and specific works of art. The key difference in the perception of the sublime in relation to the earlier phases of capitalism and the present one consists in the connection that the sublime establishes with new technologies, which is also reflected in the world of art. The exploitation of the category of the sublime through new technologies, embedded in some of the contemporary poetics, is characteristic of our time, which is determined through the primacy of profit in relation to any aesthetic/artistic quality manifested by contemporary art.

Still Life with Grapes and Nest

A complex conservation process revealed the layer of the painting inits original subtlety and delicate retouchings recreated the integralsurface of the painting. As a result, we can confirm that it is a paintingof high artistic quality dating most probably from the middle ofthe 17th century, painted on an oak panel of German origin. Weremain doubtful about the Internet auction suggested authorship,as the painting does not reach the artistic quality of Jan DavidszDé Heem, a top rank artist from the Netherlands. It is possible tocontinue with the art-historical analysis (and other investigations)of the painting, to find further proof for the hypothetical dating andmaybe even reach an attribution but we must not forget to ask thequestions whether and to whom it would be necessary. What matters for the owner of the painting is the fact that an artwork which decorates the wall of his home has both aesthetic and historical value – even without knowing its exact date or the painter.