scholarly journals Effect of Water Mist Cooling on Microstructure of Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Władysiak ◽  
A. Kozuń
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Solidification Temperature ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mist Cooling ◽  
Casting Aluminum ◽  
Hypereutectic Silumins ◽  
Made In

Abstract The work is a continuation of research on the use water mist cooling in order to increase efficiency of die-casting aluminum alloys using multipoint water mist cooling system. The paper presents results of investigation of crystallization process and microstructure of synthetic hypereutectic AlSi20 alloy. Casts were made in permanent mold cooled with water mist stream. The study was conducted for unmodified AlSi20 alloy and modified with phosphorus, titanium and boron on the research station allowing sequential multipoint cooling using a dedicated program of computer control. The study demonstrated that the use of mold cooled with water mist stream allows the formation of the microstructure of hypereutectic silumins. A wide range of solidification temperature of hypereutectic silumins increases the potential impact of changes in the cooling rate on a size, a number and a morphology of preeutectic silicon and eutectic α+β (Al+Si).

scholarly journals Structure of AlSi20 Alloy in Heat Treated Die Casting

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Władysiak ◽  
A. Kozuń
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mist Cooling ◽  
Casting Aluminum ◽  
Hypereutectic Silumins

Abstract The work is a continuation of research on the use of water mist cooling in order to increase efficiency of die-casting aluminum alloys using multipoint water mist cooling system. The paper presents results of investigation on crystallization process and microstructure of synthetic hypereutectic AlSi20 alloy. Casts were made in permanent mold cooled a with water mist stream. The study was conducted for unmodified AlSi20 alloy and a modified one with phosphorus, titanium and boron on the research station allowing sequential multipoint cooling using a dedicated program of computer control. The study demonstrated that the use of mold cooled with water mist stream and solution heat treatment allows in wide range for the formation of the microstructure of hypereutectic silumins. It leads to the growth of microstructure refinement and spheroidizing of phases in the casting.

scholarly journals Effect of Casting Die Cooling on Solidification Process and Microstructure of Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
R. Władysiak ◽  
A. Kozuń ◽  
T. Pacyniak
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Solidification Process ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Permanent Mold ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mist Cooling ◽  
Hypereutectic Silumins ◽  
Made In

Abstract The work is a continuation of research concerning the influence of intensive cooling of permanent mold in order to increase the casting efficiency of aluminium alloys using the multipoint water mist cooling system. The paper presents results of investigation of crystallization process and microstructure of synthetic hypereutectic alloys: AlSi15 and AlSi19. Casts were made in permanent mold cooled with water mist stream. The study was conducted for unmodified silumins on the research station allowing the cooling of the special permanent probe using a program of computer control. Furthermore the study used a thermal imaging camera to analyze the solidification process of hypereutectic silumins. The study demonstrated that the use of mold cooled with water mist stream allows in wide range the formation of the microstructure of hypereutectic silumins. It leads to higher homogeneity of microstructure and refinement of crystallizing phases and also it increases subsequently the mechanical properties of casting.

scholarly journals Analysis of Crystallization Process of Intensive Cooled AlSi20CuNiCoMg Alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Władysiak ◽  
A. Kozuń ◽  
K. Dębowska ◽  
T. Pacyniak
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Solidification Process ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Imaging Camera ◽  
Mist Cooling

Abstract The work is a continuation of research concerning the influence of intensive cooling of permanent mold in order to increase the casting efficiency of aluminium alloys using the multipoint water mist cooling system. The paper presents results of investigation of crystallization process and microstructure of multicomponent synthetic hypereutectic alloy AlSi20CuNiCoMg. The study was conducted for unmodified silumin on the research station allowing the cooling of the special permanent sampler using a program of computer control. Furthermore, the study used a thermal imaging camera to analyze the solidification process of multicomponent alloy. The study demonstrated that the use of mold cooled with water mist stream allows in wide range to form the microstructure of hypereutectic multicomponent silumin. It leads to higher homogeneity of microstructure and refinement of crystallizing phases of casting.

scholarly journals Effect of Multipoint Sequential Water Mist Cooling of Casting Die on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AlSi11 Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
R. Władysiak
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Casting Cycle ◽  
Mist Cooling ◽  
Die Casting Process

Abstract The work is a continuation of research on the use of water mist cooling in order to increase efficiency of the die-casting process for aluminum alloys. The paper describes the multipoint sequential cooling system of the casting die and its computer control and monitoring. It also includes results of the tests and analysis of cooling methods during making of the casting. These methods differ from each other in the sequence of casting die cooling and cause effective changes in microstructure and mechanical properties of castings made of AlSi11 alloy. The study demonstrated that the use of multipoint sequential cooling with water mist affects the microstructure refinement and reduces the segregation in the cast as well as more than by 20% increases the mechanical properties of castings in the rough state. The study also demonstrates that the sequential cooling of casting die accelerates the cooling of the casting and shortens die-casting cycle.

scholarly journals The Effect of Water Mist Cooling of Casting Die on the Solidification, Microstructure and Properties of AlSi20 Alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Władysiak ◽  
A. Kozuń ◽  
T. Pacyniak
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Primary Silicon ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Hardness Distribution ◽  
The Core ◽  
Eutectic Si ◽  
Mist Cooling ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Silicon Particles

Abstract Unmodified AlSi20 alloy were casted at the research station, allowing for sequential multipoint cooling using a dedicated computer- controlled program. This method allows for the formation of the microstructure of hypereutectic AlSi20 alloy and also increases hardness. Primary silicon dendrites were found in the microstructure of cooled samples. Based on these dendrites, the formation of primary silicon particles is explained. Cooling of casting die with a water mist stream causes changes in solidification, which leads to expansion of the boundary layer with columnar crystals and shrinkage of the core zone with equiaxed crystals. It also causes more regular hardness distribution around pre-eutectic Si crystals, which can lead to tensile strength and machinability improvement.

scholarly journals Development of a water-mist cooling system: A 12,500 Kcal/h air-cooled chiller

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Neng Huang ◽  
Ying-Han Ye
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
System A ◽  
Mist Cooling

A Comprehensive Review on C-3 Functionalization of β-Lactams

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reshma Nagpal ◽  
Jitender Bhalla ◽  
Shamsher S. Bari
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Organometallic Reagent ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Economic Strategies ◽  
Synthetic Utility ◽  
Recent Advancement ◽  
Equivalent Method ◽  
Made In

Background:A lot of advancement has been made in the area of β-lactams in recent times. Most of the research is targeted towards the synthesis of novel β-lactams, their functionalization and exploring their biological potential. The C-3 functionalization of β-lactams has continued to attract considerable interest of the scientific community due to their utility as versatile intermediates in organic synthesis and their therapeutic applications. This has led to the significant increase in efforts towards developing efficient and economic strategies for C-3 functionalized β-lactams.Objective:The present review aims to highlight recent advancement made in C-3 functionalization of β-lactams.Conclusion:To summarize, functionalization of β-lactams at C-3 is an essential aspect of β-lactam chemistry in order to improve/modify its synthetic utility as well as biological potential. The C-3 carbocation equivalent method has emerged as an important and convenient strategy for C-3 functionalization of β-lactam heterocycles which provides a wide range of β-lactams viz. 3-alkylated β-lactams, 3-aryl/heteroarylated β-lactams, 3- alkoxylated β-lactams. On the other hand, base mediated functionalization of β-lactams via carbanion intermediate is another useful approach but their scope is limited by the requirement of stringent reaction conditions. In addition to this, organometallic reagent mediated α-alkylation of 3-halo/3-keto-β-lactams also emerged as interesting methods for the synthesis of functionalized β-lactams having good yields and diastereoselectivities.

scholarly journals Multiplexed Genetic Analysis Using an Expanded Genetic Alphabet

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 2019-2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott C Johnson ◽  
David J Marshall ◽  
Gerda Harms ◽  
Christie M Miller ◽  
Christopher B Sherrill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Cftr Gene ◽  
Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ◽  
Transmembrane Conductance ◽  
Genetic Tests ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Additional Base ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane ◽  
Made In

Abstract Background: All states require some kind of testing for newborns, but the policies are far from standardized. In some states, newborn screening may include genetic tests for a wide range of targets, but the costs and complexities of the newer genetic tests inhibit expansion of newborn screening. We describe the development and technical evaluation of a multiplex platform that may foster increased newborn genetic screening. Methods: MultiCode® PLx involves three major steps: PCR, target-specific extension, and liquid chip decoding. Each step is performed in the same reaction vessel, and the test is completed in ∼3 h. For site-specific labeling and room-temperature decoding, we use an additional base pair constructed from isoguanosine and isocytidine. We used the method to test for mutations within the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. The developed test was performed manually and by automated liquid handling. Initially, 225 samples with a range of genotypes were tested retrospectively with the method. A prospective study used samples from >400 newborns. Results: In the retrospective study, 99.1% of samples were correctly genotyped with no incorrect calls made. In the perspective study, 95% of the samples were correctly genotyped for all targets, and there were no incorrect calls. Conclusions: The unique genetic multiplexing platform was successfully able to test for 31 targets within the CFTR gene and provides accurate genotype assignments in a clinical setting.

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