Relationship between polymorphism within Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 1 gene (PGLYRP1) and somatic cell counts in milk of Holstein cows

Abstract Bovine peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) is an important receptor that binds to murein peptidoglycans (PGN) of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and is, therefore, involved in innate immunity. The SNP T>C rs68268284 located in the 1st exon of the PGLYRP1 gene was identified by the PCR-RFLP method in a population of 319 Holstein cows. Somatic cell count (SCC) was measured 7–10 times in each of three completed lactations to investigate whether the PGLYRP1 polymorphism is associated with SCC. Using the GLM model, it was found that cows with the TT genotype showed significantly lower somatic cell counts than those with the CC genotype during the first lactation (P = 0.023). Moreover, during lactations 1–2 and 1–3, cows with the TT genotype reveal significantly lower SCC than CT heterozygotes, at P = 0.025 and P = 0.006, respectively. Computer-aided analysis showed that rs68268284 polymorphism could modify the PGLYRP1 functions because the mutated residue is located in a domain that is important for the binding of other molecules.

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Effects of the inclusion of açai oil in diet of prepartum Holstein cows on milk production, somatic cell counts and future lactation

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/0001-3765202020200149 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 92 (4) ◽

Author(s):

DAIANE S. DOS SANTOS ◽

VANDERLEI KLAUCK ◽

CARINE F. SOUZA ◽

MATHEUS D. BALDISSERA ◽

CLEITON THEISEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Somatic Cell ◽

Milk Production ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

Somatic Cell Counts ◽

Cell Counts

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Effects of season, milking routine and cow cleanliness on bacterial and somatic cell counts of bulk tank milk

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029911000598 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 78 (4) ◽

pp. 436-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Maddalena Zucali ◽

Luciana Bava ◽

Alberto Tamburini ◽

Milena Brasca ◽

Laura Vanoni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Somatic Cell ◽

Cell Count ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Bacterial Count ◽

Cold Season ◽

Plate Count ◽

Bulk Tank Milk ◽

Somatic Cell Counts ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Bulk Tank

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of season, cow cleanliness and milking routine on bacterial and somatic cell counts of bulk tank milk. A total of 22 dairy farms in Lombardy (Italy) were visited three times in a year in different seasons. During each visit, samples of bulk tank milk were taken for bacterial and somatic cell counts; swabs from the teat surface of a group of cows were collected after teat cleaning and before milking. Cow cleanliness was assessed by scoring udder, flanks and legs of all milking cows using a 4-point scale system. Season affected cow cleanliness with a significantly higher percentage of non-clean (NC) cows during Cold compared with Mild season. Standard plate count (SPC), laboratory pasteurization count (LPC), coliform count (CC) and somatic cell count, expressed as linear score (LS), in milk significantly increased in Hot compared with Cold season. Coagulase-positive staphylococci on teat swabs showed higher counts in Cold season in comparison with the other ones. The effect of cow cleanliness was significant for SPC, psychrotrophic bacterial count (PBC), CC and Escherichia coli in bulk tank milk. Somatic cell count showed a relationship with udder hygiene score. Milking operation routine strongly affected bacterial counts and LS of bulk tank milk: farms that accomplished a comprehensive milking scheme including two or more operations among forestripping, pre-dipping and post-dipping had lower teat contamination and lower milk SPC, PBC, LPC, CC and LS than farms that did not carry out any operation.

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Prediction of total quarter milk somatic cell counts based on foremilk sampling

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029909004166 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 326-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Olga Wellnitz ◽

Marcus G Doherr ◽

Marta Woloszyn ◽

Rupert M Bruckmaier

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Somatic Cell ◽

Cell Count ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Practical Reasons ◽

Udder Health ◽

Somatic Cell Counts ◽

Cell Numbers ◽

Cell Counts

Determination of somatic cell count (SCC) is used worldwide in dairy practice to describe the hygienic status of the milk and the udder health of cows. When SCC is tested on a quarter level to detect single quarters with high SCC levels of cows for practical reasons, mostly foremilk samples after prestimulation (i.e. cleaning of the udder) are used. However, SCC is usually different in different milk fractions. Therefore, the goal of this study was the investigation of the use of foremilk samples for the estimation of total quarter SCC. A total of 378 milkings in 19 dairy cows were performed with a special milking device to drain quarter milk separately. Foremilk samples were taken after udder stimulation and before cluster attachment. SCC was measured in foremilk samples and in total quarter milk. Total quarter milk SCC could not be predicted precisely from foremilk SCC measurements. At relatively high foremilk SCC levels (>300×103 cells/ml) foremilk SCC were higher than total quarter milk. At around (50–300)×103 cells/ml foremilk and total quarter SCC did not differ considerably. Most interestingly, if foremilk SCC was lower than 50×103 cells/ml the total quarter SCC was higher than foremilk SCC. In addition, individual cows showed dramatic variations in foremilk SCC that were not very well related to total quarter milk SCC. In conclusion, foremilk samples are useful to detect high quarter milk SCC to recognize possibly infected quarters, only if precise cell counts are not required. However, foremilk samples can be deceptive if very low cell numbers are to be detected.

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Electronic Somatic Cell Count—Chemical Method, DMSCC, and WMT Tests for Raw Milk

Journal of Milk and Food Technology ◽

10.4315/0022-2747-39.12.854 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 39 (12) ◽

pp. 854-858 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. R. THOMPSON ◽

V. S. PACKARD ◽

R. E. GINN

Keyword(s):

Somatic Cell ◽

Cell Count ◽

Confidence Intervals ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Field Method ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Somatic Cell Counts ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Coefficients Of Variation

The Direct Miscroscopic Somatic Cell Count — field method (DMSCC), Wisconsin Mastitis Test (WMT), and Electronic Somatic Cell Count (ESCC) were studied to determine variability and relationship to each other. The coefficients of variation computed at a DMSCC count near one million were 15.6% (DMSCC), 6.3% (WMT), and 4.2% (ESCC). Linear regression equations were determined for predicting DMSCC results by WMT and ESCC. The approximate width of the 95% confidence intervals for ESCC predicting DMSCC were ± 275,000 and for WMT predicting DMSCC were ± 600,000. The prediction of square root and log transformations of DMSCC by WMT exhibited narrower confidence intervals for low somatic cell counts, but wider intervals for high counts (greater than 1,000,000).

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Fat and protein contents, acidity and somatic cell counts in bulk milk of Holstein cows in the Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran

International Journal of Dairy Technology ◽

10.1111/j.1471-0307.2008.00451.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 19-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

MASOUD NAJAF NAJAFI ◽

SEYED ALI MORTAZAVI ◽

ARASH KOOCHEKI ◽

JAFAR KHORAMI ◽

BOULBABA REKIK

Keyword(s):

Somatic Cell ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

Somatic Cell Counts ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Bulk Milk

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Ontario Bulk Milk Somatic Cell Count Reduction Program. 2. Dynamics of Bulk Milk Somatic Cell Counts

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(92)78112-0 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 75 (12) ◽

pp. 3359-3366 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Ynte H. Schukken ◽

K.E. Leslie ◽

A.J. Weersink ◽

S.W. Martin

Keyword(s):

Somatic Cell ◽

Cell Count ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Somatic Cell Counts ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Bulk Milk ◽

Reduction Program

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The Effect of Exogenous Melatonin on Milk Somatic Cell Count in Buffalo

Pakistan Veterinary Journal ◽

10.29261/pakvetj/2020.074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (01) ◽

pp. 152-155

Author(s):

Lin Feng

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Somatic Cell ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Environmental Temperature ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Somatic Cell Counts ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Quality Of Milk

High somatic cell counts (SCCs) in milk significantly influence the quality of milk and give rise to substantial economic loss. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of extreme heat and cold compared to other season and melatonin (MLT) on milk SCCs in Chinese crossbred (Nili-Ravi×Murrah) buffaloes. We collected the 1948 milk SCCs data records from 2012 to 2017 to explore the effect of different month in China on milk SCCs. Meanwhile, twenty buffaloes with relatively high milk SCCs were employed and randomly divided into two groups (T1 and T2, n=10 each group) to evaluate the effect of MLT treatment on milk SCCs, blood antioxidant activities and immune levels of buffaloes during summer in China. Results showed that the milk SCCs in high temperature seasons (July and August) and low temperature seasons (December, January and February) were significantly higher compared with other months (P<0.05). In summer, MLT treatment significantly reduced milk SCCs and increased the IgM and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in plasma on day 1 after MLT treatment, and then both IgM and SOD levels were decreased significantly. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that environmental temperature stress (heat and cold) caused the higher milk SCCs and MLT treatment improved the quality of milk by reducing SCCs suggesting that MLT could improve immune activity in buffaloes

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Effect of somatic cell counts occurred in milk on quality of Slovak traditional cheese – Parenica

Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.5219/1099 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 675-680 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Viera Ducková ◽

Margita Čanigová ◽

Peter Zajác ◽

Zuzana Remeňová ◽

Miroslav Kročko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Somatic Cell ◽

Cell Count ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Mean Value ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Somatic Cell Counts ◽

Cell Counts

The aim of this work was to compare somatic cell count in milk used for making steamed cheese Parenica in Slovak industrial dairies and small farm dairies and to find out whether somatic cell counts in milk affect the dry matter content of Parenica cheese. The samples of raw milk were taken from 3 industrial dairies (A, B, C) and from 3 farm dairies (E, F, G), produced traditional Slovak cheese Parenica in period from January untill December 2018. The somatic cell count in milk was determined by FossomaticTM 5000 (Foss, Denmark) and dry matter of cheese by oven drying method to constant weight. There were no statistically significant differences (p >0.05) for somatic cell counts in milk processed in industrial and farm dairies. Lower somatic cell counts were determined in milk amples from industrial dairies (mean value 326.55 thousand in 1 mL) in comparison to milk samples from farm dairies (mean value 507.67 thousand in 1 mL). Statistically lower dry matter content (p <0.01) in the samples of Parenica cheese was found out in farm dairy E in comparison to other dairies. The relationship between somatic cell count in milk and dry matter in cheese was confirmed by the relatively low correlation coefficients in dairies, A = 0.22; C = 0.15 and F = -0.12 and higher correlation coefficients in dairies, B = -0.32; D = 0.45 and E = -0.48. Obtaining a more accurate effect of somatic cell count on cheese quality requires the continuation of the research on a larger number of samples and consideration of other factors.

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Survey of somatic cell counts and milk composition in bulk milk of ewes in dairy practice

Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.5219/1325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 151-155

Author(s):

Martina Vršková ◽

Vladimír Tančin ◽

Michal Uhrinčať ◽

Lucia Mačuhová ◽

Kristína Tvarožková

Keyword(s):

Somatic Cell ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Fat Content ◽

Somatic Cell Counts ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Bulk Milk ◽

Synthetic Population ◽

On Farm

We evaluated milk quality during the sheep dairy period in the year 2018. The study was performed at fifteen dairy farms with differed breeds and crossbreds under Slovakian usual practical conditions (milking and pasture). At the first and seventh farm purebred Tsigai (TS) ewes were kept, at the eight to twelve farm there were purebred Lacaune ewes (LC) and the thirteen farm were kept crossbred Improved Valachian x Lacaune ewes (IV/LC, with a higher proportion of Improved Valachian), the fourteen farm crossbred Lacaune x East Friesian ewes and the last farm were ewes of the synthetic population of Slovak dairy ewe (SD). The milk yield recording and milk sampling were performed once a month during evening milking as a part of milk recording services. The basic milk composition was determined by MilkoScan FT120 (Foss, Hillerød, Denmark) and somatic cell count was determined using a Fossomatic 90 (Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark) after heat treatment at 40 °C for 15 min. We found the highest incidence of SCC on farm 14 with crossbred LC/EF 3.940 x 103 cells.mL-1. Followed by farms 12 and 9 with purebred LC (SCC value of 3.318 and 2.489 x 103 cells.mL-1). Farm 7 with purebred TS reached the lowest value (831 x 103 cells.mL-1). The highest fat content was reached by the purebred TS, with gradual growth from March to July. Crossbreds and the synthetic population of Slovak dairy ewe (SD) had the lowest average fat content, which could be affected by feeding. Similar tendencies were found in protein content.

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