scholarly journals Dynamic viscosity dependence on temperature for fuels used for diesel engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Irina Niţă ◽  
Sibel Osman ◽  
Olga Iulian
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Type Equation ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Activation Entropy ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Viscosity Dependence

Abstract Viscosity is an important property of fuels used for diesel engine affecting engine’s efficiency and harmful gases emission. Viscosity of liquid fuels depends especially on fuels composition and temperature. The dynamic viscosity of diesel fuel, biodiesel and blends of diesel with biodiesel, i-propanol and n-butanol was measured for temperature ranging from 293.15 K to 323.15 K and atmospheric pressure. It has been verified that well-known Arrhenius derived equations can be used to estimate with good accuracy, viscosity at different temperatures for diesel, biodiesel, diesel+biodiesel blends, but also for diesel blends with propanol and butanol. Values of activation parameters: activation energy, activation enthalpy and activation entropy for the viscous flow were derived based on linearized Eyring’s type equation. The values of the activation energy for viscous flow of fuels and fuels blends calculated based on measured values of dynamic viscosity in the temperature range of 273.15 K and 323.15 K were similar to those presented in the literature for some hydrocarbons, esters, and alcohols, respectively.

Viscosity Of Molten Rare Earth Metal Trichlorides I. Cecl3, Ndcl3, Smcl3, Dycl3 And Ercl3

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 457-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Potapov ◽  
V. Khokhlov ◽  
Y. Satoa
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Rare Earth Metal ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Arrhenius Equation ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Capillary Viscometer ◽  
Density Data

The kinematic viscosity of molten CeCl3, NdCl3, SmCl3, DyCl3 and ErCl3 has been measured by using a capillary viscometer. The dynamic viscosity was computed by using density data taken from the literature. The viscosity increases with going from CeCl3 to ErCl3. The activation energy of the viscous flow, calculated by the Arrhenius equation, rises in the same order.

scholarly journals The Glass Transition Temperature and Temperature Dependence of Activation Energy of Viscous Flow of Ovalbumin

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Karol Monkos
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Free Volume Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Temperatures

Abstract The paper presents the results of viscosity determinations on aqueous solutions of ovalbumin at a wide range of concentrations and at temperatures ranging from 5°C to 55°C. On the basis of these measurements and three models of viscosity for glass-forming liquids: Avramov’s model, free-volume model and power-law model, the activation energy of viscous flow for solutions and ovalbumin molecules, at different temperatures, was calculated. The obtained results show that activation energy monotonically decreases with increasing temperature both for solutions and ovalbumin molecules. The influence of the energy of translational heat motion, protein-protein and protein-solvent interactions, flexibility and hydrodynamic radius of ovalbumin on the rate of decrease in activation energy with temperature has been discussed. One of the parameters in the Avramov’s equation is the glass transition temperature Tg. It turns out that the Tg of ovalbumin solutions increases with increasing concentration. To obtain the glass transition temperature of the dry ovalbumin, a modified Gordon-Taylor equation is used. Thus determined the glass transition temperature for dry ovalbumin is equal to (231.8 ± 6.1) K.

scholarly journals Study of Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Glycine, Diglycine, and Triglycine in Aqueous Tartrazine at Different Temperatures

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 758-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Ali ◽  
Rajan Patel ◽  
Shahjahan Khan ◽  
Vidiksha Bhushan
Keyword(s):  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Partial Molar Volumes ◽  
Molar Refraction ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Viscosity Coefficients ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Refractive Index Data ◽  
Amino Acid Glycine

The densities (ρ), viscosities (η), and refractive indices (nD) of (0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 m) amino acid, glycine, and peptides, diglycine and triglycine in 0.01 m aqueous tartrazine solution were determined at 288.15, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K. The density data were utilized to evaluate apparent molar volumes (φv) which, in turn, were used to determine partial molar volumes (φv ◦) using Masson’s equation. The transfer volumes were also calculated. The viscosity data were analyzed using the Jones-Dole equation to determine the viscosity coefficients and the activation parameters. The activation parameters of viscous flow were obtained to throw light on the mechanism of viscous flow. The molar refraction was calculated using the refractive index data. The results were interpreted in the light of ion-ion, ion-nonpolar, and nonpolar-nonpolar interactions and the effect of increasing hydrophobicity as we move from glycine to triglycine on these interactions in presence of the dye tartrazine was also investigated.

Direct observation of dienols produced by photochemical enolisation of α,β-unsaturated ketones: rates and activation parameters for dienol reketonisation via a 1,5-hydrogen shift

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1867-1872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy M. Duhaime ◽  
Alan C. Weedon
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Arrhenius Plot ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Activation Entropy ◽  
Hydrogen Shift ◽  
Unsaturated Ketones ◽  
Ultraviolet Light Irradiation ◽  
Stable Solutions

The production of stable solutions of Z-dienols by ultraviolet light irradiation of α,β-unsaturated ketones at low temperatures (ca. −76 °C) in d4-methanol is reported. The rates of reketonisation of the dienols via a 1,5-sigmatropic hydrogen shift were determined at various temperatures between −43 °C and + 2 °C by monitoring the proton nmr spectra of the dienols. From the data the activation parameters for the reaction were calculated. For the dienol Z-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-2,4-pentadiene, 2, derived from photoenolisation of 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one, 1, the activation energy from the Arrhenius plot is 62 ± 4 kJ/mol, and the activation entropy and enthalpy from the Eyring plot are −87 ± 15 J/mol K and 60 ± 4 kJ/mol, respectively. For the dienol Z-4-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadiene, 4, obtained from photoenolisation of 4,5,5-trimethyl-3-hexen-2-one, 3, the activation energy, entropy, and enthalpy were found to be 47 ± 5 kJ/mol, −135 ± 19 J/mol K, and 45 ± 5 kJ/mol, respectively.

scholarly journals A comparison of the activation energy of viscous flow for hen egg-white lysozyme obtained on the basis of different models of viscosity for glass-forming liquids

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Monkos
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Hen Egg White Lysozyme ◽  
Glass Forming ◽  
Egg White Lysozyme ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Hen Egg White ◽  
Hen Egg

A comparison of the activation energy of viscous flow for hen egg-white lysozyme obtained on the basis of different models of viscosity for glass-forming liquids The paper presents the results of viscosity determinations on aqueous solutions of hen egg-white lysozyme at a wide range of concentrations and at temperatures ranging from 5°C to 55°C. On the basis of these measurements and different models of viscosity for glass-forming liquids, the activation energy of viscous flow for solutions and the studied protein, at different temperatures, was calculated. The analysis of the results obtained shows that the activation energy monotonically decreases with increasing temperature both for solutions and the studied protein. The numerical values of the activation energy for lysozyme, calculated on the basis of discussed models, are very similar in the range of temperatures from 5°C to 35°C.

scholarly journals The Viscous Properties of Diols. V. 1,2–Hexanediol in Water and Butanol Solutions

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 559-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Jarosiewicz ◽  
Grzegorz Czechowski ◽  
Jan Jadżyn
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Viscosity Measurements ◽  
Different Temperatures

The paper presents the results of viscosity measurements performed on 1,2-hexanediol in water and n-, s- and t-butanol solutions in the whole range of concentrations, at different temperatures. The activation energy for viscous flow of the solutions and the viscosity excess, were determined.

scholarly journals DEPENDENCE OF DYNAMIC VISCOSITY OF NAPHTHENIC HYDROCARBONS IN CYCLOPENTANE SERIES ON QUANTUM AND STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Ella A. Kovaleva ◽  
Mikhail Yu. Dolomatov
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Ionization Potentials ◽  
Topological Descriptors ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Flow Activation Energy ◽  
Topological Characteristics

Interrelation of parameters for Newtonian fluid viscous flow of monocyclic hydrocarbons with quantum and structural (topological) characteristics of molecules are considered. Ionization potentials and topological indices, respectively, were considered as quantum and topological characteristics. The vertical ionization potentials were calculated by the Koopmans ' theorem of quantum chemical methods with full molecular geometry optimization. We have studied topological indices that take into account the size and shape of the molecular graph. As a topological descriptors the Wiener index, the Balaban centric index, the Randic index (the index of molecular connectivity), Gutman (Szeged) index, Platt index and the Harary index were considered. For hydrocarbons in cyclopentane series with side chains, the kinetic compensation effect of dynamic viscosity has been established, which connects the activation energy and Arrhenius factor in the framework of the Frenkel-Eyring model. It is established that for compounds of a number of five-membered naphthenes, the apparent activation energy for viscous flow and the associated pre-exponential factor, depends on quantum parameters (ionization potentials) and the topology of the molecules.  In this paper, a regression quantitative structure−property relationship (QSPR) is proposed using as descriptors the ionization potentials and topological indices for the prediction of dynamic viscosity.  Prognostics capabilities of the proposed model and the adequacy of the forecast were verified by calculating the values of the dynamic viscosity of hydrocarbons that are not included in the base series. Experimental and theoretical substantiation of the proposed regularity was given within the framework of the representation of the viscous flow activation energy as a measure of intermolecular interaction and the predominance of dispersion interaction in hydrocarbon molecules for cyclopentane series. The equation obtained during the study can be used to predict the viscosity characteristics of synthesized and natural five-membered naphthenes.

Activation parameters for transport and thermal expansion

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (14) ◽  
pp. 2170-2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Stairs
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
And Diffusion

A correlation is proposed between the ratios: Y = πΔV≠/E(p)≠ (where π is the internal pressure of a liquid, ΔV≠ the volume of activation RT(∂ ln η/∂p)T, and E(p)≠ the activation energy at constant pressure for viscous flow, or the corresponding quantities for diffusion) and X = E(ρ)≠/E(p) (where E(ρ) is the "energy of thermal expansion", defined by: −R[∂ ln (ρ−1 − ρ0−1)/∂T−1]p). The first, Y, involves quantities measured at high pressures, while X requires only measurements at ordinary pressure. The correlation will permit estimation of viscosities and diffusion coefficients at high pressures from low-pressure measurements.

scholarly journals RESEARCH THERMODYNAMICS OF VISCOUS FLOW OF BASE OILS THAT ARE THE BASIS FOR LUBRICANT COMPOSITIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
I. A. Novakov ◽  
F. S. Radchenko ◽  
A. S. Ozerin ◽  
A. S. Chevtaev ◽  
O. A. Krotikova
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Thermodynamic Data ◽  
Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Activation Entropy ◽  
Trade Marks ◽  
Lubricating Oils ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Synthetic Oil ◽  
Mineral Base

The thermodynamic characteristics of the process of viscous flow of mineral base lubricating oils (SGK grade AU, naphthenic T-110) and synthetic (Synfluid PAO 6 cSt) were found. It was found that the activation energy and the change in the activation entropy of the viscous flow of mineral oils, considered trade marks, are higher than that of synthetic oil. The obtained thermodynamic data made it possible to establish the mechanism of the flow of lubricating oils.

The Viscous Properties of Diols. IV. 1,2- and 1,4-Butanediol in Butanols Solutions

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Czechowski ◽  
Paweł Jarosiewicz ◽  
Arkadiusz Rabiega ◽  
Jan Jadżyn
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Viscosity Measurements ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Peculiar Behavior

The paper presents the results of viscosity measurements performed on 1,2- and 1,4-butanediol in n-, s- and t-butanol solutions in the whole range of concentration, at different temperatures. The activation energy for viscous flow of the solutions and the viscosity excess were determined. The excess shows a peculiar behavior for 1,4-butanediol in t-butanol solutions.

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