Assessment of the Pain, Stress and Emotional Factor Related to the Occurrence of Bruxism

Summary Background/Aim: Bruxism is a parafunctional habit that has multiple etiology. Globally it is a widespread problem. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of pain, stress and to understand the emotional factor and their relations to the occurrence of bruxism. Material and Methods: For the purpose of this paper, 40 patients with partial edentuloissness and bruxism were treated prosthetically and with night dentures. They were assessed for the degree of the pain they feel and were given questionnaires for the level of stress they feel and for their psychological situation. The control group consisted of 40 patients who were not treated but were diagnosed with the same methods like the previous group. Results: Patient feel pain from the consequences of bruxism, disregarding the statistical significance related to gender. Stress pays a major role as we live in a dynamic and demanding society. The more competitive and ambitious the person is the more there are possibilities for occurrence of bruxism. Emotions are a very complex matter that unconsciously can be connected to the presence of bruxism. Conclusions: Besides prosthetic rehabilitation, sometimes a multidisciplinary approach is needed. Dentists should be aware of their role as psychiatrist and need to be educated of the principles of a patient’s analysis and of the cognitive behavioral therapy.

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Effectiveness of brief-focused cognitive behavioral therapy in the reduction of cancer-related distress and emotive problems: A comparative study.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e24169 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e24169-e24169

Author(s):

Alessandro Rossi ◽

Maria Marconi ◽

Stefania Mannarini ◽

India Minelli ◽

Silvia Bianchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Distress Thermometer ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Cohen’S D ◽

Oncological Patients ◽

Cohen's D

e24169 Background: In recent years, there was an increase of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) oriented brief-focused psychological intervention protocols for the reduction of cancer-related emotive difficulties that oncological patients have to face almost every day and that could have a negative impact on medical treatment (Di Matteo, Lepper & Croghan, 2006; NCCN, 2015). Thus, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a 10-session brief CBT (B-CBT-P) compared with a control group (CG). Methods: Participants ( n = 67; mean age = 63.11, SD = 12.1, 35 female) enrolled at the Oncology Day Hospital at the “Presidio Ospedaliero” of Saronno, ASST Valle Olona, Italy who undertook (B-CBT-P: n = 34) or non-undertook (CG: n = 33) a psychotherapy intervention – with one of two different psychologists (authors MM and MI) to avoid potential biases. Participants were tested with the Distress Thermometer and the Problem List (DT&PL) at the baseline (T1; overall McDonald’s omega = .90), at the end of the 10-sessions B-CBT-P (T2; overall McDonald’s omega = .89). Results: A multilevel-multivariate repeated measure regression analysis was performed – controlling for age, type and localization of tumor, and therapist. In line with psychotherapy protocol, results showed no statistical significant changes for ‘practical problems’ ( p = 0.0497 ns), ‘spiritual problems’ ( p = 0.321 ns), and ‘physical problems’ ( p = 0.206). Results revealed a statistical significance reduction of ‘relationships problems’ ( p = 0.015; pooled Cohen’s d = 0.341), ‘emotive problems’ ( p = 0.012; pooled Cohen’s d = 0.349), and the distress thermometer ( p = 0.008; pooled Cohen’s d = 0.373). Conclusions: Considering that emotive and relational problems, as well as distress, occurs frequently among oncological patients, this study is into an important area. Results suggest that B-CBT-P is statistically and clinically effective to improve the emotive and relational sphere of oncological patients. However, the small effect sizes found suggest that these short protocols may not be sufficient to bring important changes in the patient's life. This study opens up to the idea of improving these protocols so that the cancer patient can improve his quality of life – even with a few psychotherapy sessions.

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RELATED FACTORS TO RELAPSE IN DEPRESSED PATIENTS AFTER COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY DURING ONE YEAR PROSPECTIVE FOLLOW-UP

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2011.5.2 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

Nhu Minh Hang Tran ◽

Huu Cat Nguyen ◽

Dang Doanh Nguyen ◽

Van Luong Ngo ◽

Vu Hoang Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Relapse Rate ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Related Factors ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

One Year

Objectives: To determine factors impact on the relapse in depressed patients treated with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) during one year follow-up. Materials and Methods: 80 depressed patients divided into two groups, group 1: included 40 patients treated with CBT; group 2: 40 patients on amitriptyline. Non-randomized controlled clinical trial, opened, longiditual and prospective research. Results and Conclusions: relapse rate after CBT during 1 year follow-up is 10% (compared to 25% in control group), related factors to relapse rate in depression after CBT are age and education. Shared predictors between 2 groups are severity and recurrence of depression. Key words: Depression, relapse, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

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Study of the Effectiveness of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Self Efficacy and Pain among Children Suffering from Cancer

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v9n5p33 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Kosar Bardideh ◽

Fatemeh Bardideh ◽

Keivan Kakabaraee

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Children With Cancer ◽

Research Population ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Experimental Group

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effectiveness of the cognitive behavioral therapy on pain reduction and the elevation of self efficacy among children who suffer from cancer.METHOD: The present study adopts a quasi experimental pretest-posttest two group design .The research population consists of all 9-11 year old children with cancer who admitted to Tehran specialized cancer treatment centers in 2015. From those eligible in this study 40 were selected at hand and were randomly divided to two experimental and control groups (20 for experimental group and 20 for control group). Kuris self-efficacy questionnaire and Oucher pain scale were employed for data collection and multivariate and single-variant analyses of covariance have been used for data analysis.RESULTS: The results showed that the cognitive behavioral therapy has resulted in ease of pain and rise of efficacy among the experimental group (P˂ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Based on findings it can be deduced that cognitive behavioral therapy has a significant impact on this group of patients and this treatment can be employed as an appropriate solution in order to reduce the symptoms of children with cancer and ultimately to treat cancer.

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Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Distress Tolerance and Coping with the Child’s Illness in Parents of Children with Thalassemia Major

10.32592/ajnpp.2020.7.4.105 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 231-235

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Distress Tolerance ◽

Group Membership ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Thalassemia Major ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Statistical Population ◽

Physical Disorders ◽

Guilty Feeling

Introduction and Objectives: Major Thalassemia can be considered one of the biggest chronic physical disorders, which causes some psychological and social problems to patients and their families. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the distress tolerance and level of coping with a child’s illness among the parents of children with major thalassemia. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted based on a semi-experimental design with pretest and posttest. The statistical population consisted of all parents of Children with major thalassemia in Zahedan, Iran, during 2016. A total of 40 parents were selected based on convenience sampling and randomly divided into two experimental (n=20) and control groups (n=20). They were then requested to complete the distress and resistance questionnaires, and they participated weekly in eight 90-min intervention sessions based on cognitive behavioral therapy Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 20) through multivariate covariance analysis. Results: The results show that cognitive-behavioral therapy improves distress (F=9.82, P<0.004), tolerance (F=5.12, P<0.030), absorbed (F=7.43, P<0.010), assessment (F=4.73, P<0.037), and adjustment (F=6.70, P<0.014) dimension scores, and has an effect on group membership. Moreover, cognitive-behavioral therapy improved the level of coping with the disease dimension (F=32.61, P<0.0001) and the first factor (F=5.53, P<0.025). Additionally, this technique had a significant effect on posttest scores and group membership. Conclusion: The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy increased the level of distress tolerance and improved the level of coping with the childchr('39')s disease, compared to the control group. Evidence suggests that the parents of children with major thalassemia patients face many problems that can lead to high levels of anxiety and depression, tolerance of distress at a low level, despair and disappointment, as well as guilty feeling

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The Efficacy of Transdiagnostic Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Migraine Headache: A Randomized Clinical Trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1143097/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Forouzandeh Soleimanian-Boroujeni ◽

Negin Badihian ◽

Shervin Badihian ◽

Vahid Shaygannejad ◽

Yousef Gorji

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Therapy Termination ◽

Protocol Registration ◽

And Control

Abstract Introduction: Psychological interventions are shown to be effective in migraine, but not utilized routinely yet. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy (TCBT) on people with migraine (PwM). Method: This study was conducted on 40 PwM aged 20-50 years. We randomly assigned participants to two groups of intervention, receiving 10 sessions of TCBT, and control. Days with headache, headache severity, migraine-related disability and effects on daily life, number of pain-relivers taken for headache, depression, and anxiety were assessed pre-intervention, post-intervention (three-month follow-up), and one-month after TCBT termination (four-month follow-up).Results: Thirty-five participants suffering moderate to severe migraine completed the study (16 and 19 in TCBT and control groups, respectively). TCBT improved all measured items between study time-points (p<0.05) in the intervention group, while such an improvement was not observed in the control group. Between group comparisons revealed superiority of TCBT group compared to the control group in most measured items at three- and four-month follow-ups (p<0.05).Conclusion: Ten sessions of TCBT improved migraine severity, associated disability, anxiety, and depression in PwM, with persistent effects after one month of therapy termination. TCBT is an affordable, practical, and feasible intervention to be utilized for PwM.Protocol registration: The study protocol was registered in clinicaltrial.gov (NCT03701477) prior to enrollment.

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Delivering Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Post–Intensive Care Syndrome–Family via a Mobile Health App

American Journal of Critical Care ◽

10.4037/ajcc2021962 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 451-458

Author(s):

Amy Petrinec ◽

Cindy Wilk ◽

Joel W. Hughes ◽

Melissa D. Zullo ◽

Yea-Jyh Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Mobile Health ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Family Members ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Icu Patients ◽

Post Intensive Care Syndrome

Background Family members of intensive care unit (ICU) patients are at risk for post–intensive care syndrome– family (PICS-F), including symptoms of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress. Cognitive behavioral therapy is the first-line nonpharmacologic treatment for many psychological symptoms and has been successfully delivered by use of mobile technology for symptom self-management. Objectives To determine the feasibility of delivering cognitive behavioral therapy through a smartphone app to family members of critically ill patients. Methods This was a prospective longitudinal cohort study with a consecutive sample of patients admitted to 2 adult ICUs and their family members. The control group period was followed by the intervention group period. The intervention consisted of a mobile health app preloaded on a smartphone provided to family members. The study time points were enrollment (within 5 days of ICU admission), 30 days after admission, and 60 days after admission. Study measures included demographic data, app use, satisfaction with the app, mental health self-efficacy, and measures of PICS-F symptoms. Results The study sample consisted of 49 predominantly White (92%) and female (82%) family members (24 intervention, 25 control). Smartphone ownership was 88%. Completion rates for study measures were 92% in the control group and 79% in the intervention group. Family members logged in to the app a mean of 18.58 times (range 2-89) and spent a mean of 81.29 minutes (range 4.93-426.63 minutes) using the app. Conclusions The study results confirm the feasibility of implementing app-based delivery of cognitive behavioral therapy to family members of ICU patients.

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Metta-based group meditation and individual cognitive behavioral therapy (MeCBT) for chronic depression: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-019-3815-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Artjom Frick ◽

Isabel Thinnes ◽

Ulrich Stangier

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Chronic Depression ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Control Group ◽

Wait List ◽

Wait List Control Group ◽

Wait List Control

Abstract Background Depression is a widespread disorder with severe impacts for individuals and society, especially in its chronic form. Current treatment approaches for persistent depression have focused primarily on reducing negative affect and have paid little attention to promoting positive affect. Previous studies have shown that metta meditation increases positive affect in chronically depressed patients. Results from previous trials provide evidence for the efficacy of a stand-alone metta meditation group treatment in combination with mindfulness-based approaches. Further research is needed to better understand the implementation of meditation practice into everyday life. Therefore, mindfulness and metta meditation in a group setting are combined with individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) into a new, low-intensity, cost-effective treatment (“MeCBT”) for chronic depression. Methods/design In this single-center, randomized, observer-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial we will test the efficacy of MeCBT in reducing depression compared to a wait-list control condition. Forty-eight participants in a balanced design will be allocated randomly to a treatment group or a wait-list control group. Metta-based group meditation will be offered in eight weekly sessions and one additional half-day retreat. Subsequent individual CBT will be conducted in eight fortnightly sessions. Outcome measures will be assessed at four time points: before intervention (T0); after group meditation (T1); after individual CBT (T2); and, in the treated group only, at 6-month follow-up (T3). Changes in depressive symptoms (clinician rating), assessed with the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-C) are the primary outcome. We expect a significant decline of depressive symptoms at T2 compared to the wait-list control group. Secondary outcome measures include self-rated depression, mindfulness, benevolence, rumination, emotion regulation, social connectedness, social functioning, as well as behavioral and cognitive avoidance. We will explore changes at T1 and T2 in all these secondary outcome variables. Discussion To our knowledge this is the first study to combine a group program focusing on Metta meditation with state-of-the art individual CBT specifically tailored to chronic depression. Implications for further refinement and examination of the treatment program are discussed. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN97264476. Registered 29 March 2018 (applied on 14 December 2017)—retrospectively registered.

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Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy and deep relaxation for children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité ◽

10.1051/sm/2018030 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 19-26

Author(s):

Nawel Abdesslem ◽

Sabeur Hamrouni ◽

Roy Jesse Shephard ◽

Mohamed Souhaiel Chelly

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Before And After ◽

Physically Based ◽

One Year

Objective: This study made a preliminary exploration of the efficacy of physically-based cognitive-behavioral therapy and deep relaxation for children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: ADHD behavior and cognitive functions were assessed by test D2 and Conner’s scale before and after a one-year physically-based training program. The reliability of test scores was assessed by repeat testing of a control group (CG) of 10 students who did not have ADHD. Children (10 per group) with ADHD were assigned to physically-based cognitive-behavioral therapy and deep relaxation (E1) or physically-based cognitive-behavioral alone (E2). Results: After 52 weeks of treatment, an intra-group comparison showed that E1 and E2 had improved their scores on the test D2, whereas CG showed no significant change. In addition, most participants with ADHD showed a remarkable improvement in their attentional behavior, with group E1 responding better to treatment than group E2. Conclusions: Physically-based cognitive behavioral therapy appears to improve function and social competence in children with ADHD, and should be recommended as an alternative or supplement to pharmaceutical treatment.

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Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Neurofeedback: Reducing Insomnia Symptoms

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v9n7p35 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nooshin Basiri ◽

Zahra Khayyer ◽

Habib Hadianfard ◽

Amirhossein Ghaderi

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Independent Effect ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Hoc ◽

And Control ◽

Insomnia Symptoms ◽

Selection Of

INTRODUCTION: The term sleep disorder refers to difficulty in initiating sleep, maintaining it or a relaxing sleep despite having enough time to sleep. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a non-drug multi-dimensional treatment that targets behavioral and cognitive factors of this disorder. Some pieces of research have shown that psychiatric and neurological disorders can be distinguished from distinct EEG patterns and neuro-feedback can be used to make a change in these patterns. This study aimed to compare the cognitive behavioral therapy and neuro-feedback in the treatment of insomnia.METHODS: The sample included people, who had already been diagnosed insomnia by a psychiatrist in Isfahan, Iran. Random sampling was employed to choose the participants. Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI) was used for the selection of the participants, too. The sample included 40 patients who were randomly selected and interviewed and then diagnostic tests performed on the PSQI, and then they were divided into 3 groups. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Following the implementation of the independent effect of the treatment was significant and one-way ANOVA with post hoc test L.S.D were carried out on CBT and controls (p = 0.001), CBT, neuro-feedback therapy (p = 0.003), neuro-feedback treatment and control (p = 0.001).RESULTS: It was shown that there was a significant difference between the groups. Based on the descriptive statistics of the 2 abovementioned treatments, neuro-feedback therapy in first position and cognitive-behavioral therapy were most effective in the second position, and the control group showed the lowest efficiency.CONCLUSIONS: Both treatments were significantly effective, and so we can use both neuro-feedback and CBT for the treatment of insomnia.

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