scholarly journals Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Maxillofacial Swelling in a Pediatric Patient with Xeroderma Pigmentosum

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-166
Author(s):  
Cansu Görürgöz ◽  
Nilsu Sakalli ◽  
Ferah Mutlu Kul ◽  
Nurhan Uslu Özalp
Keyword(s):  
Xeroderma Pigmentosum ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Tip Of The Tongue

Summary Background/Aim: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive skin disease. Affected patients have skin problems, oral mucosa and neurologic symptoms. In these patients, erythematous, hyperpigmented or malignant skin lesions may occur in the sun-exposed areas. Leukoplakia, erythroplakia, and squamous cell carcinoma of the tip of the tongue and lips are common oral lesions associated with XP. Case report: Treatment of the disease included protection from ultraviolet radiation, topical application to treat actinic keratitis, and multidisciplinary approaches by physicians. Conclusions: Even though USG in dentistry is not very common, it is a non-invasive, cost-effective, readily available and repeatable diagnostic imaging method. Thus, USG should take place as a routine diagnostic tool in dentistry, especially for patients who are medically compromised.

scholarly journals Angiosarcoma of the Auricle in a Patient with Xeroderma Pigmentosum Variant

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
Masazumi Onishi ◽  
Kanako Tsunoda ◽  
Fumihiko Maeda ◽  
Shinichi Moriwaki ◽  
Hiroo Amano
Keyword(s):  
Xeroderma Pigmentosum ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽  
Skin Neoplasms ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Physical Stimulation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Old Japanese

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder characterized by photosensitivity and an increased risk of developing multiple skin neoplasms at sites exposed to the sun. We report a 73-year-old Japanese man with angiosarcoma of the auricle and an XP-variant, which is a very rare condition. In this case, long-term physical stimulation due to auricular deformation after surgery may have been the cause. Angiosarcoma associated with XP has a better prognosis than common angiosarcoma, perhaps because of the smaller tumor size. As XP patients are at high risk of skin neoplasms, they consult dermatologists regularly, and therefore skin tumors are likely to be detected early.

scholarly journals Case Report: melanoma and melanocytic nevus differentiation with reflectance confocal microscopy.

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Joanna Łudzik ◽  
Alexander M Witkowski ◽  
Giovanni Pellacani
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Melanocytic Nevus ◽  
Reflectance Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Melanocytic Lesion ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Malignant Skin Tumors ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Bedside Diagnosis

Historically, melanoma has been typically diagnosed by naked-eye examination and confirmed with invasive biopsy. However, recently the use of reflectance confocal microscopy enables non-invasive bedside diagnosis of clinically equivocal lesions. We present a case in which reflectance confocal microscopy was used to evaluate two skin lesions in the same patient confirming the diagnosis of a melanoma and potentially avoiding invasive biopsy in the second benign melanocytic lesion.  Clinicians should be aware of the availability of new non-invasive technologies that can aid in early diagnosis of malignant skin tumors and potentially reduce the number of benign lesion excisions.

scholarly journals Autofluorescence Imaging of the Skin Is an Objective Non-Invasive Technique for Diagnosing Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Klára Farkas ◽  
Szabolcs Bozsányi ◽  
Dóra Plázár ◽  
András Bánvölgyi ◽  
Luca Fésűs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Autofluorescence Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
In Vivo Diagnostics

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a rare multisystemic autosomal recessive connective tissue disease. In most cases, skin manifestations of PXE are the first to develop, followed later by severe ocular and cardiovascular complications. In our present study, in addition to dermoscopy, we introduced novel techniques, autofluorescence (AF) and diffuse reflectance (DR) imaging for the assessment of affected skin sites of five PXE patients. PXE-affected skin areas in most skin sites showed a previously observed pattern upon dermoscopic examination. With the novel imaging, PXE-affected skin lesions displayed high AF intensity. During our measurements, significantly higher mean, minimum and maximum AF intensity values were found in areas of PXE-affected skin when compared to uninvolved skin. Conversely, images acquired with the use of 660 and 940 nm illumination showed no mentionable difference. Our results demonstrate that AF imaging may be used in the in vivo diagnostics and quantification of the severity of the skin lesions of PXE patients. In addition, it is a safe, fast and cost-effective diagnostic method. AF imaging may be also used to objectively monitor the efficacy of the possible novel therapeutic approaches of PXE in the future.

scholarly journals 3D non-invasive inspection of the skin lesions by close-range and low-cost photogrammetric techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet B. Orun ◽  
Eric Goodyer ◽  
Geoff Smith
Keyword(s):  
Skin Lesion ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
System Solution ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Close Range

In dermatology, one of the most common causes of skin abnormality is an unusual change in skin lesion structure which may exhibit very subtle physical deformation of its 3D shape. However the geometrical sensitivity of current cost-effective inspection and measurement methods may not be sufficient to detect such small progressive changes in skin lesion structure at micro-scale. Our proposed method could provide a low-cost, non-invasive solution by a compact system solution to overcome these shortcomings by using close-range photogrammetric imaging techniques to build a 3D surface model for a continuous observation of subtle changes in skin lesions and other features.

scholarly journals Use of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy for Hidrocystomas: An Emerging, Cost-Effective, and Powerful Tool

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Amanda Walker ◽  
Vikram Nath Sahni ◽  
Dev Ram Sahni ◽  
Julia Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Reflectance Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Everyday Clinical Practice ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Potential Applications

Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is an emerging and noninvasive imaging tool in dermatological practice. Benefits of this modality include differentiation between benign and malignant skin lesions, prevention of unnecessary biopsies, and cost effectiveness. However, RCM findings for benign lesions are rarely reported in the literature. We describe a case of reflectance confocal microscopy findings of a hidrocystoma and review potential applications of this imaging technique in everyday clinical practice.

Special Considerations In The Management Of Malignant Skin Lesions About The Eye

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-230
Author(s):  
Gerry F. Funk ◽  
Henry T. Hoffman ◽  
Keith D. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Malignant Skin

A novel use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in uterine artery embolization

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Jemianne Bautista Jia ◽  
Eric Mastrolonardo ◽  
Mateen Soleman ◽  
Ilya Lekht
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Artery Embolization ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Artery Embolization ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a cost-effective, quick, and non-invasive imaging modality that has yet to be incorporated in uterine artery embolization (UAE). We present two cases that demonstrate the utility of CEUS in UAE for the identification of uterine-ovarian collaterals which otherwise can result in ineffective fibroid treatment and non-target embolization.

Review of Various Tasks Performed in the Preprocessing Phase of a Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis System

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-426
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nadeem Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Hussain ◽  
Zulfiqar Habib
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lesion Detection ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Optic Discs

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of blindness in diabetic patients. The increasing population of diabetic patients and difficulty to diagnose it at an early stage are limiting the screening capabilities of manual diagnosis by ophthalmologists. Color fundus images are widely used to detect DR lesions due to their comfortable, cost-effective and non-invasive acquisition procedure. Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) of DR based on these images can assist ophthalmologists and help in saving many sight years of diabetic patients. In a CAD system, preprocessing is a crucial phase, which significantly affects its performance. Commonly used preprocessing operations are the enhancement of poor contrast, balancing the illumination imbalance due to the spherical shape of a retina, noise reduction, image resizing to support multi-resolution, color normalization, extraction of a field of view (FOV), etc. Also, the presence of blood vessels and optic discs makes the lesion detection more challenging because these two artifacts exhibit specific attributes, which are similar to those of DR lesions. Preprocessing operations can be broadly divided into three categories: 1) fixing the native defects, 2) segmentation of blood vessels, and 3) localization and segmentation of optic discs. This paper presents a review of the state-of-the-art preprocessing techniques related to three categories of operations, highlighting their significant aspects and limitations. The survey is concluded with the most effective preprocessing methods, which have been shown to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the CAD systems.

scholarly journals Prostate Cancer Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers’ Clinical Utility in Diagnosis and Prognosis

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3373
Author(s):  
Milena Matuszczak ◽  
Jack A. Schalken ◽  
Maciej Salagierski
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men worldwide. The current gold standard for diagnosing PCa relies on a transrectal ultrasound-guided systematic core needle biopsy indicated after detection changes in a digital rectal examination (DRE) and elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level in the blood serum. PSA is a marker produced by prostate cells, not just cancer cells. Therefore, an elevated PSA level may be associated with other symptoms such as benign prostatic hyperplasia or inflammation of the prostate gland. Due to this marker’s low specificity, a common problem is overdiagnosis, which leads to unnecessary biopsies and overtreatment. This is associated with various treatment complications (such as bleeding or infection) and generates unnecessary costs. Therefore, there is no doubt that the improvement of the current procedure by applying effective, sensitive and specific markers is an urgent need. Several non-invasive, cost-effective, high-accuracy liquid biopsy diagnostic biomarkers such as Progensa PCA3, MyProstateScore ExoDx, SelectMDx, PHI, 4K, Stockholm3 and ConfirmMDx have been developed in recent years. This article compares current knowledge about them and their potential application in clinical practice.

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