scholarly journals The influence of transport offer on passenger traffic in the railway transport system in a post-socialist country: case study of Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (53) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Wojciech Jurkowski ◽  
Mateusz Smolarski
Keyword(s):  
Socialist Country ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Country Case Study ◽  
Weighted Number ◽  
Spatial Terms ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The study examines factors influencing the number of rail passengers in Poland. The subjects of observation were 62 cities with poviat rights. The main factors influencing demand are the number of connections and the speed of trains. Therefore, we developed an original indicator – weighted number of connections, which takes into account the number of rail connections and the speed of trains. The article can be divided into two main parts: an assessment of the diversification of transport offer and transport demand in spatial terms, and an evaluation of the relationship between the variables. Poland has a large spatial diversity in terms of public rail transport offer and passenger traffic. There are three levels of city hierarchy according to the passenger number indicator: [1] Warsaw, [2] the largest agglomerations [3] other regional cities. Transport offer was found to have a statistically significant impact on transport demand.

Between Legitimation and Decentralisation

2016 ◽  
pp. 400-440
Author(s):  
Gustavo Xavier Bonifaz
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Party System ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
American States ◽  
Country Case Study ◽  
Political Legitimation ◽  
The Relationship

The present paper aims at answering why a country that shared, with other Latin American states, a centralist tradition that was even strengthened in the aftermath of its 1952 revolution, became one of the most radical and complex decentralisers in the region. The present is a country case study in which, using a process-tracing analysis, the evolution of decentralisation in Bolivia will be explained up to its current complex structure from a perspective of the relationship between political legitimation under competitive elections and the way in which the party system processed longstanding tensions between the state and different segments of society.

scholarly journals Understanding the Relationship between Intention and Cat Containment Behaviour: A Case Study of Kitten and Cat Adopters from RSPCA Queensland

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1214
Author(s):  
Lynette J. McLeod ◽  
Di Evans ◽  
Bidda Jones ◽  
Mandy Paterson ◽  
Sarah Zito
Keyword(s):  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Change Strategies ◽  
Animal Shelter ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Relationship

In Australia, cat owners are encouraged to keep their pet cats contained on their property at all times. This study explores the relationship between the intentions and behaviours of 72 kitten and cat adopters from a RSPCA Queensland animal shelter, to provide a more in-depth understanding of the factors influencing the adoption of cat containment behaviours. At the time of adoption, 64 participants (89%) indicated they were intending to keep their cat fully contained. Eight weeks after adoption, 63 participants (87%) reported they were doing so (59 who had stated their intention at the time of adoption, and 4 who had not). We found cat owner containment behaviour was moderately correlated with containment intentions. For some of the participants when it came to enacting this behaviour, their intentions and the provided education information was not enough to overcome the more compelling capability, opportunity and motivational factors which presented themselves once they got home. We were able to identify these factors and suggest additional behaviour change strategies that would assist. Although it is important to provide cat adopters with advice about how to contain their cats properly, these results also highlight the importance of focusing attention on other behaviour change strategies that address the particular barriers faced by some cat-owners who are unsuccessful in keeping their cat contained on their property.

Is Coca Worth Killing For? Natural Resources and Civil Conflict Intensity: The Shining Path in Peru

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willow Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Shining Path ◽  
Country Case Study ◽  
International Attention ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Conflict Intensity

This paper focuses on the effect natural resources have on the intensity ofcivil conflict in the context of states developing natural resource and counterinsurgency policies. This paper conducts a comparative within-country case study to test the relationship between natural resources and civil conflict intensity. Through a comparative within-country case study, the effect of coca cultivation on the intensity of Peru’s civil war is examined to test the hypothesis that natural resources cause more intense civil conflict. This hypothesis is deemed plausible, as evidence is used to test three causal mechanisms: natural resources provide insurgents with wealth, increase the “prize value” of a region, and draw more international attention and intervention. These mechanisms are confirmed for the case of Peru, and a fourth, and initially unexpected, mechanism emerges.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Willingness of Dairy Farmers to Adopt Biogas Plants: A Case Study in Hokkaido, Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7809
Author(s):  
Atsushi Shimahata ◽  
Mohamed Farghali ◽  
Masahiko Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Financial Investments ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
The Relationship

Intensification of the livestock industry has become environmentally problematic due to the uncontrolled treatment of large amounts of watery manure. One solution is the adoption of biogas plants (BGPs). Hokkaido, Japan, has significant potential for BGP adoption, however, the large financial investments and lack of grid space for selling electricity are barriers. We investigated the relationship between the willingness of farmers to adopt BGPs and their current farming situations. Using a questionnaire survey and multivariate analyses, the results showed that large-scale farmers, particularly those with more than 100 mature cows, were clearly willing to adopt BGPs and expand their businesses in the future, while farmers who planned to downsize their businesses did not exhibit strong willingness to adopt BGPs. In addition, farmers willing to adopt BGPs thought the plants would help solve problems with manure treatment. BGPs might be more accepted by dairy farmers if there were greater incentives for installation given the role BGPs can play in providing stable energy and revitalizing local economies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Competitiveness of Rail Transport on Example of Connection Among Regional Capitals in Czechia

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Jakub Chmelík ◽  
Viktor Květoň ◽  
Miroslav Marada
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Final Evaluation ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Working Day ◽  
The Relationship

Evaluation of Competitiveness of Rail Transport on Example of Connection Among Regional Capitals in Czechia The article is focused on evaluating the significance of rail passenger transport in transport contacts among regional capitals in Czechia representing the most important centres in the settlement hierarchy. The review of the particular connections works with the values of the year 2007 and is based on the relationship between supply and demand for rail passenger traffic. The evaluation is based on the number of rail links within the working day, while assuming that the supply is influenced by the location of the centre in the transport network and its position in the settlement hierarchy. Real demand data represent the number of tickets sold by the Czech Railways. Theoretical size of the interaction is obtained by application of the gravity model. Based on the final evaluation of indicators of supply and demand for rail traffic among regional capitals and their interactions, relations are described where demand is substantially below, respectively beyond the level of real supply and theoretical interaction, which is based on the importance of centres and their accessibility of the railway transport in time. In conclusion, the opportunities for the development of infrastructure in the selected connection in relation to transport planning are outlined, using the obtained results.

Kämpfe um Bergbau und die Möglichkeiten demokratischer Transformation

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (189) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Political ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
Mining Project ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Relationship

The article explores the political effects of popular consultations as a means of direct democracy in struggles over mining. Building on concepts from participatory and materialist democracy theory, it shows the transformative potentials of processes of direct democracy towards democratization and emancipation under, and beyond, capitalist and liberal democratic conditions. Empirically the analysis is based on a case study on the protests against the La Colosa gold mining project in Colombia. The analysis reveals that although processes of direct democracy in conflicts over mining cannot transform existing class inequalities and social power relations fundamentally, they can nevertheless alter elements thereof. These are for example the relationship between local and national governments, changes of the political agenda of mining and the opening of new spaces for political participation, where previously there were none. It is here where it’s emancipatory potential can be found.

Interactive acculturation of Turkish-Belgian parents and children in Flanders: A case study of Beringen

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-428
Author(s):  
Özgün Ünver ◽  
Ides Nicaise
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Domain Specificity ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Town

This article tackles the relationship between Turkish-Belgian families with the Flemish society, within the specific context of their experiences with early childhood education and care (ECEC) system in Flanders. Our findings are based on a focus group with mothers in the town of Beringen. The intercultural dimension of the relationships between these families and ECEC services is discussed using the Interactive Acculturation Model (IAM). The acculturation patterns are discussed under three main headlines: language acquisition, social interaction and maternal employment. Within the context of IAM, our findings point to some degree of separationism of Turkish-Belgian families, while they perceive the Flemish majority to have an assimilationist attitude. This combination suggests a conflictual type of interaction. However, both parties also display some traits of integrationism, which points to the domain-specificity of interactive acculturation.

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