scholarly journals The Problem of Social Protection in Albania

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Arlinda Shkreli Axhemi ◽  
Gert Dragoshi
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Social Security Systems ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
The Social

The aim of this paper is to analyze the social protection system in Albania during the last two decades. It highlights some of the problems and issues which are closely associated with elements of social security, as a phenomenon that focuses on finding solutions or solving the problems in social security systems in Albania. Of great importance are the changes in the social security legislation in recent years, which led to a new structure of the social insurance market in Albanian society. Also discussed are the types of benefits offered by our social insurance system. Our country occupies a special place in relation to the problems it has encountered with social protection and the social security law.

scholarly journals The place of social insurance in the formation of resources of the social protection system

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-120
Author(s):  
Radmila Pidlypna
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Social Strategy ◽  
The Social

Introduction. Today there is a need for the application of effective and efficient methods and means of state regulation of the social sphere; which raises to a new level the social protection system in general and the social insurance system in particular. The development of an optimal social insurance system is one of the priorities of the state’s social strategy and should be considered as a subsystem of social protection aimed at overcoming poverty; ensuring the appropriate level and quality of life of the population of Ukraine. Purpose. The main task of the article is to identify the place of financial resources of social insurance in the system of social protection in Ukraine by analyzing current statistical information. Methods. The study is based on operational and system-structural analysis of current statistical information on the accumulation and distribution of budget funds in the social sphere. Quantitative and qualitative comparison; graphical and statistical methods are used to analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the social insurance system. Results. A significant part of the expenditures of social protection of the population in Ukraine is covered by the funds of the obligatory state social insurance; which testifies to its key role in ensuring the social protection of the population of Ukraine. At the same time; the formation of social infrastructure resources is carried out mainly through budget funding; so the constant growth of social expenditures in the consolidated budget of Ukraine does not allow to ensure a high standard of living. Social insurance is characterized by partial self-financing; as it provides for the formation of funds through social contributions; which finance a third of social benefits and other social transfers. Thus; it is an effective tool for ensuring state regulation of the social sphere. Discussion. In the further research it is expedient to focus on studying world practice of formation of effective systems of social insurance for the purpose of search of alternative types of social insurance and their introduction in Ukraine.

scholarly journals Institutional Design and Incentives for Migrant Workers to Participate in Social Insurance in China: Evidence from a Policy Experiment in Chengdu City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihao Tian ◽  
Yuxiao Chen ◽  
Mei Zhou ◽  
Shaoyang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Security Policy

Abstract Background: Rural-to-urban migration has increased rapidly in China since the early 1980s, with the number of migrants reaching 376 million in 2020 (National Bureau of Statistics [NBS], 2020). Despite this sharp trend and the significant contributions that the migrants have made to urban development, migrant workers have had very limited access to the social insurance that the majority of urban workers have enjoyed. Methods: Based on the background of the social insurance system adjustment in Chengdu in 2011, we establish a difference-in-differences (DID) model to empirically test the impacts of change in social insurance policy contribution rates on migrant workers' social insurance participation rates, using the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) data from 2009-2016.Results: The social insurance participation rate of migrant workers was significantly reduced after they are incorporated into the urban worker insurance system. Meanwhile, there is no significant change in the wages of migrant workers, but the working hours became longer and the consumption level turned lower. That is to say, simply changing the social insurance model of migrant workers from "comprehensive social insurance" to "urban employee insurance" reduces the incentives for migrant workers to participate in the insurance and harm the overall welfares of migrant workers.Conclusion: The design of the social security policy is an important reason for lower participation rate of migrants. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problem of insufficient incentives through targeted social security policies. Specifically, the first is to formulate a social security policy contribution rate suitable for the migrants. The second is to establish a comprehensive social security policy and gradually integrate the social security system.

scholarly journals Institutional Design and Incentives for Migrant Workers to Participate in Social Insurance in China: Evidence From a Policy Experiment in Chengdu City

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihao Tian ◽  
Yuxiao Chen ◽  
Mei Zhou ◽  
Shaoyang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Security Policy

Rural-to-urban migration has increased rapidly in China since the early 1980s, with the number of migrants has reached 376 million by 2020. Despite this sharp trend and the significant contributions that migrants have made to urban development, the migrant workers have had very limited access to the social insurance that the majority of urban workers enjoy. Against the background of the social insurance system adjustment in Chengdu in 2011, this study uses a difference-in-differences (DID) model to empirically test the impacts of changes in the social insurance policy contribution rates on the social insurance participation rates of migrant workers, using the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) data for 2009–2016. We find that the social insurance participation rate of migrant workers was significantly reduced after they were incorporated into the urban worker insurance system. There was no significant change in the wages of migrant workers, but the working hours were increased and their consumption level decreased. In other words, simply changing the social insurance model of migrant workers from “comprehensive social insurance” to “urban employee insurance” reduces the incentives for migrant workers to participate in insurance and harms the overall welfare of migrant workers. Our study indicates that the design of the social security policy is an important reason for the lower participation rate of migrants. It is necessary to solve the problem of insufficient incentives through the targeted social security policies; primarily, the formulation of a social security policy contribution rate suitable for the migrants, and the establishment of a comprehensive social security policy and the gradual integration of the social security system.

scholarly journals Social Protection of the Population at the Present Stage: State and Problems in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
I. Smyrnova ◽  
◽  
О. Lykhoshva ◽  
N. Rak ◽  
L. Horiieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Current System ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article analyzes the functioning conditions of the current system of social protection of the population of Ukraine. The theoretical foundations regarding the forms and sources of financing and financial support of the social protection system are considered. The features of financing social transfers through the main forms of social protection – social security, social insurance, and social assistance – are investigated. Weaknesses and ways to improve the domestic social protection system are identified. Approaches to solving financing problems in the field of social protection of the population are proposed.

scholarly journals Social Protection of the Population at the Present Stage: State and Problems in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
I. Smirnova ◽  
◽  
О. Lykhoshva ◽  
N. Rak ◽  
L. Horiieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Current System ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article analyzes the functioning conditions of the current system of social protection of the population of Ukraine. The theoretical foundations regarding the forms and sources of financing and financial support of the social protection system are considered. The features of financing social transfers through the main forms of social protection – social security, social insurance, and social assistance – are investigated. Weaknesses and ways to improve the domestic social protection system are identified. Approaches to solving financing problems in the field of social protection of the population are proposed.

scholarly journals Kontrowersje wokół wykonywania pracy na rzecz własnego pracodawcy w rozumieniu art. 8 ust. 2a ustawy o systemie ubezpieczeń społecznych a zgodność tego przepisu z Konstytucją RP

2018 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 169-185
Author(s):  
Maciej Jakub Zieliński
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
The Third ◽  
Service Contracts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Security Act ◽  
The Third Party

ON CONTROVERSIES OVER INTERPRETATION OF THE PHRASE “PERFORMING WORK FOR THE BENEFIT OF ONE’S EMPLOYER” WITHIN THE MEANING OF ARTICLE 8 SECTION 2A OF THE SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM ACT AND CONSTITUTIONALITY OF THAT PROVISIONThe article discusses controversies over interpretation of the phrase “performing work for the benefi t of one’s own employer” within the meaning of Article 8 section 2a of the Social Insurance System Act. The author criticizes interpretation of this phrase based solely on abstract theses formulated in individual judicial decisions, especially the ones of the Supreme Court. When detached from facts on which they were based, they can lead to unreasonable interpretation of the provision in question. The phrase “for the benefi t of one’s own employer”, should be construed through the prism of a relation that takes place in a typical employment relationship. In the three-subject configuration, when services are provided to the employer and the role of the third party is reduced to placement of workers which makes them similar, in terms of scope of their business, to temporary work agencies, this results in recognition that under service contracts concluded with those workers work is provided for their employer. It is quite diff erent for the situation where the third party is obliged to provide employer with a particular product, which is produced in the course of their business. Then, the key factor should rely on establishing whether the party in question bears organizational, technical and production risks related to manufactured products. Furthermore, considerations contained herein lead to the conclusion that the normative content of Article 8 section 2a of the Social Security Act settled in the Supreme Court’s case-law is incompatible with the principle of citizens’ trust in the state and its law. Article 8 section 2a of the Social Security Act itself, at least when it comes to performing work for one’s own employer within a civil-law contract concluded with a third party, is incompatible with Articles 217 and 64 section 3 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Thus, opinions on how the law should stand were made herein.

scholarly journals Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in the Slovak Republic

2020 ◽  
pp. 379-390
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Kováč
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Welfare System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Families With Children

Abstract This chapter discusses the accces to social benefits and social rights for nationals and foreigners in the Slovak Republic. The transformation of the social welfare system in the new republic has been a lengthy process. The current social security system is based on fairness, personal participation and solidarity. The Slovak social security system is not based on nationality and its main part builds on the social insurance system including the health insurance. The direct financial support especially for families with children and the assistance scheme for those in need also represent important parts of the welfare system in Slovakia.

scholarly journals FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF SOCIAL INSURANCE AND PROSPECTS OF ITS APPLICATION IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Tetiana Vengurenko ◽  
Anastasia Yasentyuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Main Components

Introduction. One of the main components of the policy of any country is the social protection of the population. The level of organization of social protection directly affects the welfare of society. Today, under the influence of the rather difficult economic situation in the country, as well as socio-demographic processes, the vulnerability of the population to negative social risks is constantly growing. That is why the system of domestic social insurance faces a number of social threats, which are primarily related to the growth of the population in need of social benefits, as well as the aging of the nation and the constant rise in unemployment. An important factor in reforming the domestic social insurance system may be the experience of foreign countries in organizing the social insurance system. The introduction of the relevant experience of the world's leading countries will increase the efficiency of social insurance in Ukraine and ensure the redistribution of the financial burden in providing social protection in the country between the state, the employer and the employee. At the same time, the question of the possibility of using foreign experience in the field of social insurance in Ukraine needs further research, because social insurance is an important component of social guarantees for the development of society. Goal. Identify areas for improvement of the social insurance system in Ukraine based on the assessment of the main models of social protection of the world's leading countries. Method (methodology). The authors used methods of generalization, analysis, synthesis and comparison in order to assess the main models of social protection of the world's leading countries and identify the main opportunities for using the experience of these countries in domestic practice. Results. The article considers and summarizes foreign experience in the organization and provision of insurance services in the field of social insurance. The analysis of the basic models of social protection of the leading countries of the world is carried out, the social policy on an example of such countries as Germany, Sweden, the USA is investigated and the basic directions of improvement of such insurance in Ukraine are offered.

scholarly journals The EU social pillar

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Schoukens ◽  
Alberto Barrio ◽  
Saskia Montebovi
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Employment Relationship ◽  
Social Security Systems ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
Standard Employment Relationship ◽  
The Eu

With atypical work gaining popularity, platform work seems to combine all the elements which, by deviating significantly from the standard employment relationship, challenge social security systems. After an overview of the features of the standard employment relationship and the different ways in which non-standard forms of work diverge from them, the article focuses on the nature of platform work. It then analyses how platform work is regulated in five European social security systems (i.e. Germany, France, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Belgium), and how this regulation may fare when analysed under the lens of the recent European Commission’s proposal for a Council Recommendation on access to social protection for workers and the self-employed. The article concludes by highlighting the need for further adaptation of social security systems to the specific features of platform work, and by noting the risks of a regulatory approach towards this new form of work being dominated by the exclusion of low-paid work from the scope of labour-related social insurance schemes.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE MINIMUM LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ON SOCIAL INSURANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 562 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Robert Marczak
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

The Polish social insurance system is a part of the social security scheme. The Constitution of the Republic of Poland imposes on the state an obligation to create such system and to fulfill social security guarantees for every citizen. Participation in the social insurance system, and thus insurance coverage in the field of the consequences of social risks, is strictly dependent on the fact of performing a gainful activity on the principles set out in the social insurance act (among others: work under a contract of employment or under a civil law contract and conducting business). The legality of employment and the employer fairness on the one hand, and the effectiveness of control authorities of state institutions on the other hand, are two driving engines of the insurance guarantee. Responsibility for providing such insurance protection lies between the institutional activities of the state and the individual foresight of the citizen. It is on his/her side that knowledge about social insurance plays a very important role as an element of risk awareness. The act on the social insurance system imposes on the Polish executive institution in the area of social insurance (the Polish social insurance institution, ZUS) the obligation to popularize this knowledge. The purpose of the article is the attempt to indicate the scope of a minimum knowledge of social insurance, which will allow a citizen to make a conscious participation in the system, i.e. effective protection against the results of the possible risks.

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