scholarly journals A Study of Intercropping of Maize with Sweet Basil and Borage

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bagheri ◽  
F. Zaefarian ◽  
B. Bicharanlou ◽  
H. Ghanizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Crop Condition

Abstract Intercropping is one of the environmental friendly ways to improve the use of resources and weed control. A field experiment was performed on maize intercropped with sweet basil and borage under weed free and infestation conditions. The experimental design was a factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replicates. Factors included weed infestation levels (weed free and weed infestated) and intercropping ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25: 75, and 0:100, maize: sweet basil or borage). The intercroppping treatments decreased weeds biomass compared to the monocultures of borage and sweet basil. The weeds biomass and density in maize monoculture was lower than the monocultures of the other two plants. Under sole crop condition, the plants yield was higher than intercropping treatments. Weed interference decreased the yield of plants, while this decrease was less in intercropping treatments. Area-time equivalent ratio value showed that the ratios of 50:50 maize: sweet basil, maize: borage and 25:75 maize: borage provided the yield advantages of 11%, 11% and 36% under weed infestation, respectively. Also, area-time equivalent ratio values were higher in weed infestation compared to weed free treatments. The leaves essential oil of sweet basil under intercropping treatments, especially in weedy condition, was further than monocropping treatments. Intercropping of maize with sweet basil was more successful than intercropping with borage in reducing weeds biomass and density. In general, the intercropping of maize with sweet basil was more efficient compared to intercroppping with borage.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Corn and Peanut Intercropping on Efficiency of Use the Environmental Resource and Soil Fertility

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Rajaii ◽  
Mehdi DahMardeh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
And Control

Order to study the effect of density, the control weed and various proportion corn (704 Variety) and peanut (Goli Variety) intercropping an experiment was conducted in 2012 in Research station of agriculture, University of Zabol. The experiment design was factorial in randomized complete block design with three replications. Experiment factors consisted of planting proportions in 4 levels (sole crop of corn, 50% corn + 50% peanut, 100% corn + 100% peanut and sole crop of peanut), control weed in 3 levels (non-weeding, once-weeding and twice-weeding) and the space between rows in 2 level (40 and 50 cm) has been considered. The evaluated Characteristics in environmental sources are (Photosynthetic Active Radiation, Temperature and soil Moisture), the nutrients of soil include (N, K, Na, Mg, Ca, and C) and to evaluate intercropping of pure was used land equivalent ratio and economical yield. All Characteristics of study were affected by planting system.There was significant interaction between planting system, weeding and density in the absorption of light, temperature and moisture of soil. The results showed that photosynthesis active radiation absorbed by the intercropping was higher than sole crop in both plants. The results showed that changes in soil nutrient capacity of single elements (Na and K) in the treatment of mixed and monoculture peanut was more than monoculture corn and divalent elements (Ca and Mg) in mixed and monoculture corn more than mixed replacement and peanut monoculture. The highest land equivalent ratio (1.048) was accounted additive intercropping. Generally the mixed cultures with increasing density and control weed caused increase soil fertility and amount of soil nutrients after harvest. Treatment 100% Corn +100% peanut was the best treatment because using sources and increasing soil fertility and crop yield in comparison to sole crop.

scholarly journals Influence of Time of Cowpea Introduction at the Establishment Phase of Pineapple on Performance of Pepper in a Pineapple-Pepper-Cowpea Intercropping System

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
Ademola Johnson Ajayi ◽  
Samuel Ohikhena Agele ◽  
O Peter Aiyelari
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Establishment Phase

Cowpea was sown into pineapple-pepper intercrop at the establishment of pineapple in 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the effects of its time of sowing into pineapple-pepper intercrop on growth and yield components of pepper. In 2011, cowpeas were sown into pineapple-pepper intercropped plots at 3 week intervals in addition to the sole crop components of pepper, cowpea and pineapple. In 2012, the experiment was repeated with the inclusion of pineapple-pepper intercrop with no cowpea introduced. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Early sowing of cowpea at the time of transplanting pepper and at 3 weeks after transplanting (WAP) pepper significantly reduced pepper leaf area by 97.5 and 80.1% respectively. The decline in the number of fruits per plant ranges from 90.4% with sowing of cowpea at transplanting of pepper to 35.6% sowing was delayed by 9 weeks in 2011 while decline in 2012 rages from 89.6 to 1.4%. Lower fruit weight decline was obtained with delayed introduction of cowpea with 29.1 and 14.5% decline when cowpea was sown 6 and 9 WAT respectively. It is recommended that pepper could be introduced into pineapple field at establishment phase. However, sowing of cowpea should be delayed up to six weeks after transplanting pepper in order to reduce competition and to enhance complementary use of resources by the component crops.

scholarly journals Weed infestations in soybean grown in succession to cropping systems with sorghum and cover plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joilson Sodré Filho ◽  
Ricardo Carmona ◽  
Robélio Leandro Marchão ◽  
Arminda Moreira de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Weed Diversity ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of sorghum and cover plant cropping systems before soybean cultivation on the occurrence of weeds during soybean growing in the Brazilian Cerrado. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates. The treatments comprised six cropping systems before soybean: sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha), and Congo grass (Urochloa ruziziensis) as cover plants, alone or intercropped, in addition to fallowing. Weeds were evaluated as to: density, dry matter mass, diversity, importance value, and similarity. The greatest similarity of weeds ocurred in single crops of sorghum, palisade grass, and Congo grass, in comparison with their intercroppings. Congo grass before soybean promoted a greater reduction in weed diversity overtime, when compared with palisade grass. The absence of cover crops before soybean cultivation increased weed infestation during the soybean cycle. The cropping systems with sorghum intercropped with cover crops before the soybean cultivation affect the diversity and the importance value of weed species.

scholarly journals Competative Behaviour of Groundnut in Sesame-Groundnut Intercropping System under Varying Poultry Manure Rates and Planting Arrangement

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Haruna I. M. ◽  
Aliyu L. ◽  
Maunde S. M.
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Competitive Ratio ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
State University ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Competitive Behaviour ◽  
Competition Indices

<p>Field experiment was conducted during the rainy seasons of 2011 and 2012 at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Nasarawa State University, Keffi-Lafia Campus to study the competitive behaviour of groundnut in Sesame-groundnut intercropping system. The experiment consisted of four rates of poultry manure (0, 3.0, 6.0 and 9 t ha<sup>-1</sup>) and two planting arrangement (single alternate row and double alternate row planting arrangement). The eight treatment combinations were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The results obtained in both the years showed that sesame when grown with groundnut under different rates of poultry manure and planting arrangement appeared to be a dominant crop as indicated by its higher values of Land equivalent ratio, competitive ratio, higher and positive values for aggressivity and area time equivalent ratio. Application of 6 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of poultry manure and double alternate row planting arrangement produced the highest values for all the competition indices measured respectively.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of row arrangement of common bean with maize intercropping on yield and economic benefit of component crops under Gimbo and Guraferda, Kaffa and Bench Maji zones, South Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
M Mogiso ◽  
N Nazib
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons

The yield advantage obtained due to intercropping is attributed to a better use of resources by crops grown in combinations, as compared to sole stands. Field experiment conducted at Gimbo and Guraferda during 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons in order to determine the appropriate intercropping row arrangement on maize-common bean yield and economic advantages of the cropping system. Maize variety BH-540 and common bean variety Hawassa dume were used as test crop. The experiment used four treatments (sole maize, sole common bean, 1:1 maizecommon bean and 1:2 maize-common bean intercropping) arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Grain yield of the component crops were significantly varied by locations. The highest maize yield was recorded at Guraferda than Gimbo; whereas, common bean yielded better at Guraferda than at Gimbo. The combined mean grain yield of maize and common bean was significantly (p<0.05) higher for sole stands than intercropping. The highest yield of 6545.7 and 5570.6 kg ha-1 was obtained from sole maize at Guraferda and Gimbo locations, respectively. On the other hand, the highest yield of 3407.2 and 2638.0 kg ha-1 was obtained from growing sole common bean at Gimbo and Guraferda locations, respectively. The yield obtained from 1:1 maize-common bean intercropping was statistically same with sole maize yield at Guraferda. The highest LER of 1.62 and 1.52 with MAI of 15,268.05 and 13.695.90 ETB ha-1 obtained from 1:1 maize-common bean intercropping at Guraferda and Gimbo locations, respectively. Generally, growing 1:1 maize-common bean intercropping found to be more productive and economically profitable than others. Hence, a one row common bean intercropped between the two rows of maize can be recommended in the lowlands of Gimbo and Guraferda areas. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 22-27, June 2020

scholarly journals Establishment of perennial forages intercropped with soybean for integrated crop-livestock systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 521-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Armando Zago Machado ◽  
Ulysses Cecato ◽  
Eder Comunello ◽  
Germani Concenço ◽  
Gessi Ceccon
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Livestock Systems

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate soybean (Glycine max) grain yield and the establishment of perennial intercropped forages. Soybean was evaluated in sole crop and intercropped with the following forages: Megathyrsus maximus, Aruana and BRS Tamani cultivars; Urochloa brizantha, Xaraés, BRS Piatã, and BRS Paiaguás cultivars; U. decumbens; and U. ruziziensis. A randomized complete block design was used, with seven replicates, in the 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 crop seasons. In the intercropped system, the forages were sown 21 and 14 days after soybean emergence, in the first and second crop seasons, respectively. Grain yield did not differ for soybean in sole crop or intercropped, except for soybean + U. ruziziensis and soybean + 'BRS Paiaguás', which were less productive in the second year of evaluation. The 'BRS Tamani' forage was the most suited for intercropping with soybean, considering its morphological characteristics and its low competition potential. Soybean intercropped with perennial forages contributes to suppress weed growth and, overall, does not compromise soybean yield.

scholarly journals Weed Interference on Growth and Leaf Nutrient Accumulation in Two Cassava Varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Gustavo Moratelli ◽  
Silvio Douglas Ferreira ◽  
Hiago Canavessi ◽  
Emerson Fey ◽  
Marcos Antonio Sedrez Rangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Cassava Varieties

The development of cassava varieties with more efficient nutrient absorption can prevent losses caused by weed competition. The objective of this study was to evaluate dry matter accumulation and leaf nutrient content in traditional and improved cassava varieties, with and without coexistence with weeds throughout the cycle. A randomized complete block design was used in a 2 x 2 x 11 factorial scheme with four replications. The first factor consisted of two varieties (Baianinha and Clone 56-03); the second factor was composed of the conditions with and without coexistence with weeds, and the third factor was 11 harvest periods. Coexistence with weeds reduced leaf contents of N (20.8% and 24.8%), P (26.7% and 4.6%) and K (27.1% and 12.6%) for 'Baianinha' and 'Clone 56-03', respectively. For coexistence with 'Baianinha', the period up to the maximum daily nutrient accumulation rate (N, P and K) ranged from 82 to 99 days after planting (DAP), while for 'Clone 56-03', coexistence in this period ranged from 80 to 88 DAP. The plants from the variety 'Clone 56-03' presented higher total dry mass and root dry mass accumulation, as well as higher leaf contents of N, P and K than the traditional cassava variety 'Baianinha', especially when in coexistence with weeds during the whole cycle.

Outcome of intercropping garlic with brinjal for the small holder farmers of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Islam ◽  
M. F. Hossain ◽  
M. A.K. Mian ◽  
J. Hossain ◽  
M. A. Alam
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
Monetary Return ◽  
Small Holder ◽  
Equivalent Yield

The objective of the experiment was to find out the best combination and efficiency the productivity of garlic for intercropping at different planting densities with brinjal. The treatment combinations were brinjal 100% + garlic 70%, brinjal 100% + garlic 60%, brinjal 100% + garlic 50%, brinjal 100% + garlic 40%, brinjal 100% + garlic 30% with sole crop of brinjal. A randomized complete block design replicated three times was used. Different intercropping combinations were evaluated by performed on basis of several intercropping indices such as land equivalent ratio (LER), competitive ratio (CR), monetary advantages index (MAI), replacement value of intercrops (RVI) and economics performance. The monetary return of intercropping of garlic with brinjal with different planting ratio was significantly higher as compared to sole cropping of brinjal. The highest brinjal equivalent yield (91.65 t ha-1), gross return (Tk.1374800 ha-1), gross margin (Tk.1003426 ha-1), BCR (3.70) and LER (2.65) were in intercropping of brinjal 100% + garlic 70% compared to other intercropping combination and sole cropping of brinjal. Brinjal 100% + garlic 60% showed same BCR in intercropping. The study also revealed that brinjal 100% + garlic 70% intercropping system exhibited higher MAI (Tk. 855950 ha-1) and replacement value of intercropping (5.34) compared to the other planting ratio and the sole crop.

Forage nutritive value of sweet basil cultivars affectedby different plant density with corn

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Mabudi Bilasvar ◽  
Saeid Zehtab Salmasi ◽  
Hossein Janmohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Positive Effect

In order to assessment of the effects of different plant density (20, 30, 40 S.B M + 8 C; 20, 30, 40 S.B I + 8 C plants m-2 and sloe cropping of S.B. M40 and S.B. I 40) on forage nutritive value of sweet basil cultivars (Mubarake and Italian large leaf) a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in University of Tabriz, Iran. Results showed that the effect of different plant density of sweet basil cultivars was significant (p is less than 0.05) on dry matter (DM), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ash, crude protein (CP) and oil yield of sweet basil cultivars. However, oil percentage of both sweet basil cultivars was not affected by different plant density with corn plants. DM, ADF, CP percentage and yield and also oil yield of both sweet basil cultivars were significantly decreased as result of different plant density with corn plants, in contrast, ash of both cultivars increased in those treatments. ash, CP%, CP and oil yield of Mubarake cultivars were greater than that of Italian large leaf cultivar in sole plant density. It was concluded that different plant density between sweet basil+ corn had positive effect on forage nutritive value of both sweet basil cultivars.

scholarly journals Effect of cultivar and seed rate on weed infestation and crop performance of wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
PK Halder ◽  
M Salim ◽  
SK Paul
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Crop Performance ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

An experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from November 2014 to March 2015 to study the effect of cultivar and seed rate on weed infestation and crop performance of wheat. Three wheat cultivars viz. BARI Gam 24, BARI Gam 25 and BARI Gam 26 and five seed rates viz. 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120 kg ha-1 were considered as the experimental treatment. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The cultivar and seed rate were significantly influenced on weed infestation and crop performance of wheat. The dry weight of weeds in cultivar BARI Gam 26 was the lowest (9.24 g m-2) compared to other cultivars. The lowest dry weight of weed was recorded in the seed rate of 120 kg ha-1 (7.57 g m-2) and the highest one (16.14 g m-2) was produced in seed rate of 80 kg ha-1. The highest plant height (93.27 cm), number of effective tillers plant-1 (3.69) and 1000-grain weight (44.51g) were produced in BARI Gam 25. The highest number of spikelet spike-1 (18.12) and grains spike-1 (34.51) were produced by BARI Gam 26. BARI Gam 26 produced the highest grain yield (2.51 t ha-1) which was as good as BARI Gam 25 (2.48 t ha-1). BARI Gam 26 produced the highest grain yield with 100 kg seed rate and also a good competitor against weeds. Seed rate was a reliable factor where increasing seed rate reduced the weed dry weight production. In conclusion, cultivation of BARI Gam 26 @100 kg ha-1 seeds may be cultivated for higher grain yield.Progressive Agriculture 27 (1): 20-26, 2016

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