Effect of Organic Matter on the Color of Sphalerite from the Silesia-Cracow Lead-Zinc Deposits, Poland

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Maciej Rybicki
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Basic Feature ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) sphalerite samples from lead and zinc mines of the Silesian-Cracow region were studied in terms of the effect of organic matter on their coloration. The results indicate no correlation between the abundance and chemical composition of organic matter and sphalerite coloration. TOC values for investigated samples are in the range of 0.5-1.28%. A basic feature characterizing all samples is very similar distribution of n-alkanes, with a predominance of short-chain n-alkanes (from n-C13 to n-C21) over long-chain n-alkanes (from n-C25 to n-C35). Among the isoprenoids pristane dominates over phytane (Pr/Ph ratio in one sample is even 8.95), which does not correspond to previous studies (Karwowski et al. 2001) and may be due to the multi-source nature of organic matter present in sphalerite inclusions from the Silesian-Cracow Zn-Pb deposits. The occurrence of hopanes with 17β,21β(H) stereochemistry indicates a low maturity of test samples.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Fatty Acid and Unsaponifiable Fractions of Leaves, Stems and Roots of Arbutus unedo and in vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Unsaponifiable Extracts

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Amine Dib ◽  
Julien Paolini ◽  
Mourad Bendahou ◽  
Laurent Varesi ◽  
Hocine Allali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Arbutus Unedo ◽  
Long Chain

The chemical composition of the fatty acid and unsaponifiable fractions of the leaves, stems and roots of Arbutus unedo L. were determined using gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The fatty acid fractions of the leaves, stems and roots contained 38.5%, 31.3% and 14.1% palmitic acid, respectively, along with other long-chain fatty acids (up to C22). The chemical composition of the unsaponifiable fractions differed: the leaf and stem fractions contained high levels of aliphatic (32.1% and 62.6%, respectively) and terpenic compounds (49.6% and 25.7%, respectively), and the root fraction mainly contained esters, of which the most abundant was benzyl cinnamate (36.6%). The antimicrobial activities of the unsaponifiable fractions against nine species of microorganisms were assessed. The unsaponifiable leaf and stem extracts inhibited the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of Garcinia gardneriana (Planchon & Triana) Zappi (Clusiaceae) essential oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-514
Author(s):  
Carla Maria Mariano Fernandez ◽  
◽  
Fabiana Brusco Lorenzetti ◽  
Sirlene Adriana Kleinubing ◽  
Joao Paulo Pinguello de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Larvicidal Effect ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons

The present study aimed to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil from Garcinia gardneriana (Planchon & Triana) Zappi leaves and fruits, and to determine its acaricidal activity on Rhipicephalus microplus by larval packet test and larvicidal action on Aedes aegypti by larval immersion test. The chemical analysis of the essential oil by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identified sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes in bacupari leaves and fruits, and α-cedrene, α-chamigrene, α-trans-bergamotene, and β-curcumene as major compounds. Essential oil from leaves of G. gardneriana presented acaricidal activity on R. microplus (LC50 = 4.8 mg/mL; LC99 = 10.8 mg/mL) and larvicidal effect on A. aegypti (LC50 = 5.4 mg/mL; LC99 = 11.6 mg/mL), whereas essential oil from the fruits of G. gardneriana showed LC50 = 4.6 mg/mL and LC99 = 8.9 mg/mL against R. microplus and LC50 = 6.4 mg/mL and LC99 = 13.9 mg/mL against A. aegypti. These results thus demonstrate the potential acaricidal and larvicidal activity of essential oil of G. gardneriana, offering new perspectives for the realization of bioassays from this essential oil.

Chemical Composition and Repellency Effect of Ferulago Angulate Plant Against Malaria Vector, Anopheles Stephensi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Pirmohammadi ◽  
Mansoureh Shayeghi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Abai ◽  
Hassan Vatandoost ◽  
Sara Rahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Anopheles Stephensi ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Anopheles Mosquitoes ◽  
Protection Time ◽  
The Mean

Abstract BackgroundMalaria is a health problem globally. There are several vector control measures. Using repellent to protect human from biting of vectors is one of the best ways. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of plant against biting of malaria vector, An.stephensi under laboratory conditions.MethodsChemical constituents of Ferulago angulate plant were determined by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Efficacy and the protection time of plant were evaluated on Anopheles stephensi . ResultsA total of 40 compounds were identified in plant. Flourensiadiol (17.4%) dehydro-sabina keton (13.3%), β-maaliene (8.8%) was the highest in the plant. The mean assessed protection time and efficacy for plant was 60 and 100 minutes respectively. ED50 and ED90 values for this plant were 18.12 and 93.19 µl /cm2 respectively.ConclusionResults showed that plant has an acceptable protection time, therefore, this plant could be considered as a good herbal repellent against anopheles mosquitoes.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Croton bonplandianus from India

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900
Author(s):  
Rajesh K. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Total Oil

The essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of Croton bonplandianus Baill. was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A total of 37 compounds have been identified, representing 96.2% of the total oil. The main constituents were identified as β-caryophyllene (16.7%), germacrene D (14.7%), borneol (8.3%), Z-β-damascenone (6.(%), isobornyl acetate (6.2%), α-humulene (6.1%), germacrene A (5.2%) and caryophyllene oxide (4.5%). The oil was rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (60.1%).

scholarly journals Essential Oil Constituents of Eclipta Prostrata (L.) L. and Vernonia amygdalina Delile

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinola O. Ogunbinu ◽  
Guido Flamini ◽  
Pier L. Cioni ◽  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Sunday O. Okeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata

The chemical composition of the essential oils from the leaves and stem bark of Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. and the aerial parts of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (Asteraceae) have been analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The investigation led to the identification of 33 and 30 compounds in the oils of the leaves and stem of E. prostrate, respectively, and 40 compounds in the oil of V. amygdalina. While the oil of the leaves of E. prostrata was highly dominated by sesquiterpenoids (89.3%), the stem bark was comprised of sesquiteprenoids (47.7%), straight chain hydrocarbons (25.6%) and monoterpenoids (11.1%). The main constituents of both oils were β-caryophyllene (47.7% and 15.9%) and α-humulene (31.8 and 12.9%) in the leaves and stem, respectively. In addition, ( E)-β-farnesene (10.0%) was also identified in significant amount in the stem bark. On the other hand, the major component of V. amygdalina oil was α-muurolol (45.7%).

scholarly journals Contact Toxicity and Repellency of the Essential Oil from Bupleurum bicaule Helm against Two Stored Product Insects

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiao-Meng Wei ◽  
Shan-Shan Guo ◽  
Hua Yan ◽  
Xian-Long Cheng ◽  
Feng Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Lasioderma Serricorne ◽  
Stored Product Insects

Essential oils obtained from many plants showed various kinds of insecticidal properties; some of them have been considered as alternative insecticides for pest control. The present study was aimed at determining the chemical composition of the essential oil from the roots of Bupleurum bicaule Helm, as well as evaluating the contact and repellent activities of the oil and four identified compounds against Lasioderma serricorne and Liposcelis bostrychophila adults. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation, and its components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). 26 components were determined and the main compounds included trans-2-isopropylbicyclo[4.3.0]non-3-en-8-one (25.9%), 4,5-dimethyl-1,2,3,6,7,8,8a,8b-octahydrobiphenylene (23.5%), and 1,4-dimethoxy-2-tert-butylbenzene (4.3%). It was found that the essential oil exhibited contact toxicity against L. serricorne (LD50 = 11.91 μg/adult), but the contact toxicity against L. bostrychophila could not be observed. The essential oil also showed strong repellent activity against L. serricorne with percent repellency of 100% at 78.63 nl/cm2. Four chemical compounds, 1,4-dimethoxy-2-tert-butylbenzene, bornyl acetate, (2E,4E)-2,4-nonadienal, and β-bisabolene, exhibited various levels of bioactivities. The experimental results indicated that the essential oil of B. bicaule and its individual compounds could be used in insecticidal and repellent strategies for stored product insects.

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