scholarly journals Passive and Active Biomonitoring of Atmospheric Aerosol with the Use of Mosses

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Nikola Słonina ◽  
Paweł Świsłowski ◽  
Małgorzata Rajfur
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Atomic Spectrometry ◽  
Pleurozium Schreberi ◽  
Active Biomonitoring

Abstract The aim of the carried out research was passive and active biomonitoring of woodlands in the Opole province. Pleurozium schreberi mosses were used during the research, in which the following heavy metals concentrations were determined: Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb. Concentrations were determined with absorption atomic spectrometry (AAS). On the basis of the carried out research, concentrations of heavy metals in moss samples used in the passive and active biomonitoring methods were compared. The obtained results indicate that Pleurozium schreberi mosses can be successfully used in both passive and active biomonitoring, however, these methods should not be used interchangeably in a defined study area. On the basis of carried out research it was determined that the applied biomonitoring methods can be supplementary.

scholarly journals Biomonitoring of Atmospheric Aerosol with the use of Apis mellifera and Pleurozium schreberi

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Zuzanna Konopka ◽  
Paweł Świsłowski ◽  
Małgorzata Rajfur
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Pleurozium Schreberi ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Active Biomonitoring ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Aerosol Pollution

Abstract The aim of the carried out research was to assess atmospheric aerosol pollution levels in the area of three apiaries located in the Opole Province and to analyse heavy metals pollution in bee honey and western honey bees. Pleurozium schreberi moss was used in analysing atmospheric aerosol pollution with the active biomonitoring method, whereas heavy metals levels were determined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry method (F-AAS). Relative Accumulation Factors (RAF) were used in determining increases of analytes concentrations in the moss samples. As a result of the carried out study, the following conclusions have been reached: mosses are good bioindicators of environment pollution thanks to their sorption qualities, similarly to honey bees, which are a bioindicator of environment pollution. According to the Commission Regulation of European Union of 2015 regarding the maximum levels of lead in certain foods (honey), it should not exceed 0.1 mg/kg. On the basis of the carried out study it can be stated that the concentration of this analyte in the analysed honey was below the limit of quantification of the applied analytical method.

scholarly journals Air Quality during New Year’s Eve: A Biomonitoring Study with Moss

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 975
Author(s):  
Paweł Świsłowski ◽  
Zbigniew Ziembik ◽  
Małgorzata Rajfur
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Accumulation Factor ◽  
Active Biomonitoring ◽  
Aerosol Pollution ◽  
New Year’S Eve ◽  
Short And Long Term

Mosses are one of the best bioindicators in the assessment of atmospheric aerosol pollution by heavy metals. Studies using mosses allow both short- and long-term air quality monitoring. The increasing contamination of the environment (including air) is causing a search for new, cheap and effective methods of monitoring its condition. Once such method is the use of mosses in active biomonitoring. The aim of the study was to assess the atmospheric aerosol pollution with selected heavy metals (Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg and Pb) from the smoke of fireworks used during New Year’s Eve in the years 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. In studies a biomonitoring moss-bag method with moss Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt. genus Pleurozium was used. The research was conducted in the town Prószków (5 km in south direction from Opole, opolskie voivodship, Poland). The moss was exposed 14 days before 31 December (from 17 to 30 of December), on New Year’s Eve (31 December and 1 January) and 2 weeks after the New Year (from 2–15 January). Higher concentrations of analysed elements were determined in samples exposed during New Year’s Eve. Increases in concentrations were demonstrated by analysis of the Relative Accumulation Factor (RAF). The results indicate that the use of fireworks during New Year’s Eve causes an increase in air pollution with heavy metals. In addition, it was shown that the COVID-19 induced restrictions during New Year’s Eve 2020 resulted in a reduction of heavy metal content in moss samples and thus in lower atmospheric aerosol pollution with these analytes. The study confirmed moss usefulness in monitoring of atmospheric aerosol pollution from point sources.

scholarly journals The influence of preparation methodology on the concentrations of heavy metals in Pleurozium schreberi moss samples prior to use in active biomonitoring studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Świsłowski ◽  
Grzegorz Kosior ◽  
Małgorzata Rajfur
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Pleurozium Schreberi ◽  
Active Biomonitoring ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Simultaneous Conditioning

Abstract Active biomonitoring is used to assess environmental pollution of elements such as heavy metals by indicator species such as mosses. They are used, among others, in urbanized areas where no indicator species are found. In such study areas, mosses collected from sites considered to be ecologically clean shall be exposed. In this context, it is very important to prepare the mosses properly before the exposure, so that the information received about the condition of the environment is reliable. In 2018, studies were conducted in the forested areas of southern Poland—in Opolskie Province. Pleurozium schreberi mosses were used in these studies. Atomic absorption spectrometry with flame atomiser (F-AAS) was used to determine the concentrations of Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb present. The aim was to study the influence of preparation methodology on Pleurozium schreberi moss samples prior to use in active biomonitoring studies. Four different methodologies were tested across four different sample locations (with varying levels of pollution). The results of the research were analysed and the coefficient of variation (CV) was determined. The value of the CV is influenced, among other things, by the location of the particular sample and the level of pollution by, for example heavy metals, in the moss. The research conducted proves that of the four methods used to prepare mosses for later exposure in active biomonitoring, the best method is averaging with simultaneous conditioning of mosses in demineralised water. This treatment causes the CV coefficient to fall below 10% for most of the metals determined in the moss samples. It has also been shown that maintaining moss collection methodology in accordance with ICP Vegetation standards (open/wooded area—tree canopy) also has a significant impact on the result obtained. Statistical analysis confirmed (Wilcoxon test) that the method of processing the mosses significantly influenced the results obtained. Thanks to the appropriate preparation of the mosses before exposition, they can be used in active biomonitoring of, for example, urban areas.

scholarly journals The Application of Active Biomonitoring with the Use of Mosses to Identify Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Atmospheric Aerosol

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7258
Author(s):  
Paweł Świsłowski ◽  
Pavel Hrabák ◽  
Stanisław Wacławek ◽  
Klára Liskova ◽  
Vojtěch Antos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Pleurozium Schreberi ◽  
Active Biomonitoring ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The use of biological indicators of environmental quality is an alternative method of monitoring ecosystem pollution. Various groups of contaminants, including organic ones, can be measured in environmental samples. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have not yet been determined by the moss bag technique. This technique uses several moss species simultaneously in urban areas to select the best biomonitoring of these compounds, which are dangerous to humans and the environment. In this research, a gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used for the determination of selected PAHs in three species of mosses: Pleurozium schreberi, Sphagnum fallax and Dicranum polysetum (active biomonitoring) and for comparison using an air filter reference method for atmospheric aerosol monitoring. The chlorophyll fluorescence of photosystem II (PSII) was also measured to assess changes in moss viability during the study. As a result of the study, the selective accumulation of selected PAHs by mosses was found, with Pleurozium schreberi being the best bioindicator—9 out of 13 PAHs compounds were determined in this species. The photosynthetic yield of photosystem (II) decreased by 81% during the exposure time. The relationship between PAHs concentrations in mosses and the total suspended particles (TSP) on the filter indicated the possibility of using this bioindicator to trace PAHs in urban areas and to apply the moss bag technique as a method supporting classical instrumental air monitoring.

scholarly journals Biomonitoring of Heavy Metal Air Pollution in Warsaw Using Two Moss Species Pleurozium schreberi and Sphagnum palustre

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krassimira Ilieva-Makulec ◽  
Paweł Dariusz Plichta ◽  
Maciej Sierakowski
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Pleurozium Schreberi ◽  
Active Biomonitoring ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Sphagnum Palustre

The aim of the study was to assess air pollution with heavy metals in Warsaw, on the basis of the concentrations of selected elements in moss samples. The active biomonitoring method (moss-bag technique) was applied using two moss species Pleurozium schreberi and Sphagnum palustre. Moss samples were collected in the Kampinos National Park, and the prepared moss bags were distributed and exposed on seven sites in Warsaw. The analysis of metals accumulated in mosses was performed twice in 2020, after two (August-September) and four months (August-November) of exposure. The concentrations of seven heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Fe, Cd and Zn) in the mosses were determined, using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP OES). Our results showed a clear dependence of heavy metal accumulation in the mosses on the location of the exposition site and the exposure period. Both species of mosses were found to accumulate the most metals in the vicinity of pollutant emitters, such as the ArcelorMittal Warsaw smelter, exit roads or roads in the city with heavy traffic, petrol stations, or construction works. After 4 months of exposure, in both moss species, the highest increases in the concentrations were found for four elements: Cr, Pb, Ni and Cd.  Higher concentrations of some heavy metals in the mosses in 2020, as compared to previous studies, indicate a negative influence of progressing urbanisation on air pollution in Warsaw.

scholarly journals Mosses as Biomonitor of Air Pollution with Analytes Originating from Tobacco Smoke

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Rajfur ◽  
Paweł Świsłowski ◽  
Filip Nowainski ◽  
Bogusław Śmiechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Pleurozium Schreberi ◽  
Spectrometry Method ◽  
Active Biomonitoring ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Hair Samples

Abstract The aim of the carried out research was the assessment of the possibility to use a popular bioindicator - Pleurozium schreberi mosses as a biosensor of the air pollution in living quarters with the analytes originating from tobacco smoke. The moss bag method of active biomonitoring, popular in environmental studies, was applied; the method is based on exposing mosses collected in clean areas in the locations polluted with, for example, heavy metals. However, this experiment involved exposing mosses in living quarters, in which approximately 10 cigarettes were smoked daily (first room - kitchen). For the purpose of comparison, moss samples were also placed in another room (bedroom), which was potentially not polluted. After three months of exposure, the following heavy metals were determined in mosses: Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Hg, using the atomic absorption spectrometry method. Additionally, these analytes were also determined in hair samples from the persons smoking in the room and from other smokers; the determined metal concentrations were compared with the results of the studies carried out using hair samples collected from non-smokers. On the basis of carried out research it was confirmed that, among others, the mosses exposed in living quarters accumulate heavy metals, such as Ni, Zn, Pb and Hg, which originate from tobacco smoke. Higher heavy metal concentrations were determined in hair samples from smokers, compared to hair samples from non-smokers.

scholarly journals Influence of Heavy Metal Concentration on Chlorophyll Content in Pleurozium schreberi Mosses

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-601
Author(s):  
Paweł Świsłowski ◽  
Małgorzata Rajfur ◽  
Maria Wacławek
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Pleurozium Schreberi ◽  
Active Biomonitoring ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
Environment Condition ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentrations

Abstract The aim of biomonitoring is assessment of environment condition. Biomonitoring studies with the use of mosses focus mainly on analytes accumulation and determining elements’ concentrations in the study area. It is often forgotten that a bioindicator should be alive during biomonitoring studies (which can be determined by, e.g., analysis of chlorophyll content). The objective of the carried out research was an assessment of the influence of selected heavy metals concentration: Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb accumulated by Pleurozium schreberi mosses during 3-month exposition within active biomonitoring, on their vitality, assessed by an analysis of a and b chlorophyll concentrations. The studies were also carried out in laboratory conditions, where the content of the dyes was determined with the aid of a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, in mosses reacting with solutions of various concentrations of the analysed metals. The content of elements in mosses after exposition and in solutions prior and after sorption were determined with the use of atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) in a flame atomiser. After the carried out studies it was determined that mosses, during 12-week long exposition, accumulated heavy metals, which did not clearly influence the changes in chlorophyll content. The carried out studies prove that heavy metals are not the only and determining factor, which influences chlorophyll content in mosses as well as the bioindicator’s vitality in the conditions of environmental stress.

scholarly journals Heavy metals content in Serbian old plum brandies

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 933-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Bonic ◽  
Vele Tesevic ◽  
Ninoslav Nikicevic ◽  
Jelena Cvejic ◽  
Slobodan Milosavljevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Spectrometry ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Copper Zinc

Seven elements, namely, arsenic, lead, cadmium, copper, zinc, iron and manganese were determined in 31 samples of Serbian plum brandies by applying atomic spectrometry techniques. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used for quantification of copper, iron, zinc, manganese, lead and cadmium; and hydride generation atomic spectrometry absorption for arsenic quantification. Measured concentrations of heavy metals and arsenic was assessed according to the Serbian regulations, official regulations of some other countries and in respect of microelements content in other similar distilled alcoholic beverages. Amounts of microelements in maximal recommended daily and weekly intake of plum brandy were determined. The influence of production (home made and industrial), type of wooden barrel (oak and mulberry), and duration of ageing process on the content of Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn in plum brandies, as well as coefficient of correlation between Cu content and pH value were also studied.

Heavy Metals in a Feather Moss, Pleurozium schreberi, and in Soils in NW Ontario, Canada

Oikos ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. K. Rinne ◽  
P. Barclay - Estrup
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Pleurozium Schreberi ◽  
Feather Moss
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document