scholarly journals Porovnanie vývoja vybraných jedľobukových porastov vo výskumno-účelovom objekte „Komárnik"

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-239
Author(s):  
Igor Štefančík ◽  
Jozef Pajtík ◽  
Michal Bošeľa ◽  
Tibor Priwitzer ◽  
Vladimír Čaboun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dead Wood ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
Production Characteristics

AbstractThe paper presents results of a long-term observation focused on the growth of two selected fir-beech stands in the area of the Eastern Carpathian Mountains, which were established in the past to investigate the effect of different management treatments on the growth and structure of the stands. Attention was paid to changes in the tree species proportion, vertical and horizontal structure, the quantitative production and dead wood. The results of the monitoring of approximately 60-year stands development suggested a reduction of the fir proportion and an increase proportion of beech and maple in the natural conditions. Production characteristics (wood stock, above ground biomass, carbon stock, and dead wood) have reached higher values on the control area. The results suggested that the close-to-nature management of these forest stands has a beneficial effect on their structure and overall development.

scholarly journals On the Stationarity of Annual Precipitation over China (1959–2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 881-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Wang ◽  
Fubao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Grid Cells ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Average Variation ◽  
Long Term Observation

AbstractStationarity is an assumption that permeates training and practice in water-resource engineering. However, with global change, the validity of stationarity as well as uncertainty of nonstationarity in water-resource planning are being questioned; thus, it is critical to evaluate the stationarity of climate variables, especially precipitation. Based on the continuous observation data of precipitation from 1427 stations across China, 593 efficient grid cells (1° × 1°) are constructed, and the annual precipitation stationarities from 1959 to 2018 are analyzed. The evaluated autocorrelation stationarity indicates that 92.24%–96.12% of the grid cells for an autocorrelation coefficient of lag 1–8 years of precipitation are indistinguishable from 0 [90% confidence level (CL)]. The mean stationarity indicates that 97.47% of the grid cells have a stable mean for 30 years (90% CL); beyond the confidence limits, they are mainly located in the northwest of China, where annual precipitation is less, and the average exceeding range is ±3.78 mm. The long-term observation of annual precipitation in Beijing (1819–2018) and Shanghai (1879–2018) also yields autocorrelation and mean stationarities. There is no significant difference in the annual precipitations between the past 20 years (1999–2018) and the past 60 years (1959–2018) over China. Therefore, the annual precipitation in China exhibits a weak stationary behavior that is indistinguishable from the stationary stochastic process. The average variation in precipitation is ±9.55% between 30 successive years and 16.53% between 10 successive years. Therefore, it is valuable and feasible to utilize the historical data of annual precipitation as the basis of water-resources application.

scholarly journals Multiple Modern Methods of Blood Pressure Measurement and the 2018 European Society of Hypertesion Guidelines

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
V. M. Gorbunov ◽  
E. Y. Fedorova ◽  
E. V. Platonova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Measurement Methodology ◽  
Evidence Source ◽  
Esc Guidelines ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
Key Aspects

The new international guidelines on hypertension management have been issued in the past few years. The AHA (2017) and ESH (2018) Guidelines are similar in many key aspects. However, they differ substantially in the area of blood pressure (BP) measurement methodology. In this article, we aim to explain the ESC Guidelines position, specifically the conservative BP thresholds and a wider use of ambulatory BP measurement methods. In our opinion, the main reason behind this position is the introduction and a relatively widespread use of automatic office BP measurement (AOBP). On one hand, this method has questioned the results of the SPRINT trial – the key evidence source for the AHA Guidelines. On the other hand, AOBP has challenged the concept of “traditional office BP measurement”. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the current multiplicity of BP measurement methods and respective threshold values recommended for each method. It is essential to perform the office BP measurement correctly and thoroughly. Throughout all stages of the hypertensive patient management (diagnosis, antihypertensive treatment choice, and long-term observation), the use of out-of-clinic BP measurement is strongly advisable.

Interrelationships among mass balance, meteorology, discharge, and surface velocity on Chhota Shigri Glacier over 2002-2019 using in-situ measurements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramanathan Alagappan(AL) ◽  
Arindan Mandal ◽  
Azam Farooq Mohd ◽  
Thupstan Angchuk ◽  
Soheb Mohd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chhota Shigri Glacier ◽  
Ice Velocity ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
Surface Ice

<p>Interrelationships among mass balance, meteorology, discharge, and surface velocity on Chhota Shigri Glacier over 2002-2019 using in-situ measurements</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>Arindan MANDAL<sup>1</sup>, AL. RAMANATHAN<sup>1*</sup>, Mohd. Farooq AZAM<sup>2</sup>, Thupstan ANGCHUK<sup>1</sup>, Mohd. SOHEB<sup>1</sup>, Naveen KUMAR<sup>1</sup>, Jose George POTTAKKAL<sup>3</sup>, Sarvagya VATSAL<sup>1</sup>, Somdutta MISHRA<sup>1</sup>, Virendra Bahadur SINGH<sup>1,4</sup></p><p><sup> </sup></p><p><sup>*</sup>Corresponding author email: [email protected]</p><p>The Himalayan glaciers contribute significantly to regional water resources. However, limited field observations restrict our understanding of glacier dynamics and behavior. Here, we investigated the long-term in-situ mass balance, meteorology, ice velocity, and discharge of the Chhota Shigri Glacier over the past two decades. With 17 years of uninterrupted glacier-wide mass balance datasets, Chhota Shigri Glacier is one of the most studied glaciers in the Hindu-Kush Himalayan region in terms of mass balance record. The mean annual glacier-wide mass balance was negative, -0.46±0.40 m w.e. a<sup>-1</sup> during 2002-2019 corresponding to a cumulative wastage of about -8 m w.e. Mean winter mass balance was 1.15 m w.e. a<sup>-1</sup> and summer mass balance was -1.35 m w.e. a<sup>-1 </sup>over 2009-2019. Surface ice velocity has decreased on average by 25-42% in the lower and middle ablation zone (below 4700 m a.s.l.) since 2003; however, no substantial change was observed at higher altitudes. The decrease in velocity suggests that the glacier is adjusting its flow in response to negative mass balance. The summer discharge begins to rise from May and peaks in July, with a contribution of 43%, followed by 38% and 19% in August and September, respectively. The discharge pattern closely follows the air temperature. The long-term observation on the Chhota Shigri — a benchmark — glacier, shows a mass wastage that corresponds to the glacier’s slowdown in the past two decades.</p><p> </p><p> </p>

Enabling Community Well-being Self-Monitoring in the Context of Mining: The Naskapi Nation of Kawawachikamach

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Klinck ◽  
Ben Bradshaw ◽  
Ruby Sandy ◽  
Silas Nabinacaboo ◽  
Mannie Mameanskum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Aboriginal Community ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Community Engaged Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mineral Development ◽  
Iron Deposits ◽  
Term Monitoring

The Naskapi Nation of Kawawachikamach is an Aboriginal community located in northern Quebec near the Labrador Border. Given the region’s rich iron deposits, the Naskapi Nation has considerable experience with major mineral development, first in the 1950s to the 1980s, and again in the past decade as companies implement plans for further extraction. This has raised concerns regarding a range of environmental and socio-economic impacts that may be caused by renewed development. These concerns have led to an interest among the Naskapi to develop a means to track community well-being over time using indicators of their own design. Exemplifying community-engaged research, this paper describes the beginning development of such a tool in fall 2012—the creation of a baseline of community well-being against which mining-induced change can be identified. Its development owes much to the remarkable and sustained contribution of many key members of the Naskapi Nation. If on-going surveying is completed based on the chosen indicators, the Nation will be better positioned to recognize shifts in its well-being and to communicate these shifts to its partners. In addition, long-term monitoring will allow the Naskapi Nation to contribute to more universal understanding of the impacts of mining for Indigenous peoples.

Courting the Youth Vote in 2008: The Obama Effect

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey C Bohl
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Voter Registration ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Past ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
High Turnout ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Youth Vote

This paper examines a few of the numerous factors that may have led to increased youth turnout in 2008 Election. First, theories of voter behavior and turnout are related to courting the youth vote. Several variables that are perceived to affect youth turnout such as party polarization, perceived candidate difference, voter registration, effective campaigning and mobilization, and use of the Internet, are examined. Over the past 40 years, presidential elections have failed to engage the majority of young citizens (ages 18-29) to the point that they became inclined to participate. This trend began to reverse starting in 2000 Election and the youth turnout reached its peak in 2008. While both short and long-term factors played a significant role in recent elections, high turnout among youth voters in 2008 can be largely attributed to the Obama candidacy and campaign, which mobilized young citizens in unprecedented ways.

Impact of FII’s and FDI’s on Indian Stock Market

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Kamlesh Kumar Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Earnings Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bull Market ◽  
Indian Stock Market

FIIs are companies registered outside India. In the past four years there has been more than $41 trillion worth of FII funds invested in India. This has been one of the major reasons on the bull market witnessing unprecedented growth with the BSE Sensex rising 221% in absolute terms in this span. The present downfall of the market too is influenced as these FIIs are taking out some of their invested money. Though there is a lot of value in this market and fundamentally there is a lot of upside in it. For long-term value investors, there’s little because for worry but short term traders are adversely getting affected by the role of FIIs are playing at the present. Investors should not panic and should remain invested in sectors where underlying earnings growth has little to do with financial markets or global economy.

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