Demographic and socio-economic factors influencing health inequalities in the Czech Republic

Abstract Health inequalities, which could be prevented by appropriate means in various areas, are generally perceived as a consequence of injustice in the society and are mostly the result of inequalities in social determinants. The main goal of this article is to determine health inequalities defined by demographic and socio-economic factors at the level of districts of the Czech Republic in the period 2007–2018(due to the specific differences in data, the Capital City of Prague region was not included). The following statistical methods were used to process the data: correlation analysis, principal component analysis, composite indicator, cluster analysis and multidimensional factor analysis. The value of the composite indicator shows a very favorable situation in the districts of Praha-východ and Praha-západ (especially high proportion of university students, low unemployment, age index, infant mortality, abortion rate and housing subsidies), and the unfavourable situation in the districts of Chomutov, Teplice and Most (especially high housing and unemployment subsidies, low rate of university students, negative migration balance, high rates of infant mortality and abortion). The results specify regional disparities of demographic and socio-economic indicators that can cause health inequalities: negative regional disparities (Most, Teplice, Děčín, Bruntál, Karviná, Ostrava-město and Jeseník districts) and positive regional disparities (Praha-západ, Praha-východ, Mladá Boleslav, Jihlava and Brno-venkov). The study presents the results of analyses based on the example of smaller territorial units (districts) and confirms the existence of regional disparities in accordance with research at the national and international level. Highlights for public administration, management and planning: • Demographic factors are connected to socio-economic environmental factors (poverty, education, social exclusion, unemployment, social security, family situation etc.) that lead to regional health inequalities. • The regional disparities of selected demographic and socio-economic indicators of the districts of the Czech Republic that cause health inequalities were specified.

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Water scarcity: regional analyses in the Czech Republic from 2014 to 2018

Oeconomia Copernicana ◽

10.24136/oc.2020.007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 161-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pavlína Hejduková ◽

Lucie Kureková

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Czech Republic ◽

Water Scarcity ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Regional Analysis ◽

Value Added ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Water Shortages ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Socio Economic Factors

Research background: Water is a scarce natural resource essential for life and also many economic activities. Scarcity of drinking water is a problem that is ad-dressed at national and international levels. Global water demand continues to rise, but the quantity and quality of water resources is declining in many regions. Recent surveys of the population of the Czech Republic show that the most serious global problems are waste accumulation, water pollution, lack of drinking water and air pollution. Average temperatures continue to rise across Europe due to climate change and water is expected to become increasingly scarce in many areas. An adequate supply of good-quality water is a pre-requisite for economic and social development, and thus it is necessary to learn to save water and better manage our available resources in this area. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this study was to investigate to what degree environmental problems — especially the issue of drinking water scarcity — have been evaluated in the Czech Republic from 2014 to 2018 and whether the fear of a lack of drinking water has motivated water conservation. Methods: A regional analysis of water availability in the Czech Republic and the possible causes of water scarcity has been carried out. Subsequently, selected socio-economic factors that could have an impact on the assessment of drinking water scarcity are analyzed using Gamma and Kendall's Tau and logistic regression. The analyzed time period is from 2014 to 2018. Microdata was taken from the Centre for Research of Public Opinion, and selected regional-level statistics from the Czech Statistical Office have been added to this data to supplement it. Findings & Value added: The perception of drinking water shortages is not only influenced by indicators representing the volume and price of water in each region, but can also be determined by other socio-economic factors such as income, gender, age and education.

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Investing in Real Estate in the Czech Republic and Analyzing the Dependence of Profitability and Technical and Socio-Economic Factors

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su131810273 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (18) ◽

pp. 10273

Author(s):

Eduard Hromada ◽

Tomáš Krulický

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Real Estate ◽

Return On Investment ◽

Real Estate Market ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Selling Price ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

The Real Estate ◽

The Real Estate Market ◽

Socio Economic Factors

This article deals with the study of the dependence between selected technical and socioeconomic factors in the real estate market that affects the return on investment. These factors include the average annual rental yield, sale/rental price for an apartment, the number of ads related to the sale/rental of apartments per 1000 inhabitants, the number of new apartment ads per 1000 inhabitants, and the share of persons facing distraint. Data from the EVAL software were used for calculation. EVAL software was developed by one of the authors of this article and allows the collecting of advertisements promoting real estate for sale and rental in the Czech Republic. This article uses data for individual districts in the Czech Republic. The article uses the methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics. The dependencies between technical and economic parameters are investigated using regression analysis. Significant dependencies were identified between the following parameters: Between selling price of an apartment and the average annual rental yield; Between the average annual rental yield and the average number of months needed to pay for the apartment; Between the average annual rental yield and the share of individuals facing distraint, and between the selling price of an apartment and the price of an apartment for rent.

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Omyl, nebo úmysl? Analýza neplatných hlasů v olomouckém kraji

Středoevropské politické studie Central European Political Studies Review ◽

10.5817/cepsr.2014.23.214 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (2–3) ◽

pp. 213-236

Author(s):

Aleš Kudrnáč ◽

Jakub Lysek ◽

Daniel Rejman

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Economic Factors ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Socio Economic Variables ◽

Regional Elections ◽

Electoral Law ◽

The Given ◽

Socio Economic Factors ◽

Concurrent Elections

This article deals with the phenomenon of invalid voting which has appeared in regional elections in the Olomouc region in the Czech Republic. First, contemporary theories of invalid voting are introduced. Second, the given hypotheses, which include both institutional and socio-economic factors that, according to the theories, contribute to higher levels of invalid voting, are tested. Statistical analysis such as linear regression is employed in the research. The dataset is comprised of municipalities (cases) in which regional elections were held. The results show that higher levels of invalid voting are associated with concurrent elections (elections to the regional assembly and elections to the upper house (the Senate) of the Czech Parliament) in those municipalities in which residents are older and less well-educated. If regional elections are held without concurring elections, socio-economic variables have a smaller effect on invalid voting. Therefore, the state authorities should consider a revision of respective electoral law and simplify the electoral process involved in concurrent elections.

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PRICE LITERACY AS A PART OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

INTED2021 Proceedings ◽

10.21125/inted.2021.0281 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Markéta Beranová ◽

Josef Abrhám ◽

Miroslava Navrátilová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

University Students ◽

The Czech Republic

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Analysis of decreasing natality trend in the Czech Republic

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun200856030147 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 147-156

Author(s):

Jitka Poměnková ◽

Lenka Němcová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Regression Model ◽

Multiple Regression Model ◽

Living Standard ◽

Second Step ◽

Economic Factors ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Financial Situation ◽

Evaluation Influence ◽

Family State

The aim of this paper is factors identification of the decreasing natality trend in the Czech Republic between years 1991–2005. This identification is done with respect to the financial situation and living standard of families.The first step, analysis of natality factor – animation natality, is performed. Animation natality is divided according to the mother family state in the time of the birth. Trend of born in marriage and trend out of marriage are described. Following analysis is focused on decreasing component of natality – number of born in marriage.The second step is time series correlation analysis used for identification and evaluation influence of demographic and economic factors on decreasing component of natality. Based on this analysis, influencing factors for regression model describing natality are selected.The last step is formulation and estimation of multiple regression model describing causality between natality in marriage and selected factors.

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Foreign direct investments in Czechia

Geografie ◽

10.37040/geografie2006111020186 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 111 (2) ◽

pp. 186-197

Author(s):

Pavla Žížalová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Metropolitan Areas ◽

Regional Distribution ◽

Regional Disparities ◽

Uneven Development ◽

Foreign Direct Investments ◽

Fdi Inflows ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Communist Countries

Foreign direct investments (FDI) are an often discussed phenomenon which is considered to play a key role in the process of transformation and restructuralization in the post-communist countries. This paper examines its regional distribution and challenges rather uncritical views on this phenomenon. FDI are distributed geographically very unevenly as almost three fifths of total FDI inflows into the Czech Republic have been located in Prague and almost four fifths in the metropolitan areas. Thus, FDI are one of the factors, which intensify uneven development and contribute to regional disparities.

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Association of Allergic Rhinitis in Female University Students with Socio-economic Factors and Markers of Estrogens Levels

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - Pathophysiology of Respiration ◽

10.1007/5584_2015_170 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 53-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I. Wronka ◽

K. Kliś ◽

K. Jarzębak

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

University Students ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Socio Economic Factors

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Public Procurement in the Czech Republic

Public Sector Transformation Processes and Internet Public Procurement ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-2665-2.ch010 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 210-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jirí Novosák ◽

Oldrich Hájek ◽

Jirí Machu

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Czech Republic ◽

Regional Development ◽

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Public Procurement ◽

Regional Disparities ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Dominant Position ◽

Medium Enterprises

Relations between public procurement, regional development, and e-procurement are discussed in this chapter. First, main themes of the debate are reviewed. Subsequently, some relations between public procurement, regional development, and e-procurement are discussed. The Czech Republic is used as a case study in this regard. The authors’ findings confirm the potential of public procurement to stimulate development of Czech regions. Spatially, public procurement may not be regarded as a suitable tool for reduction of regional disparities. However, there seems to be an important impact of public procurement on the development of local small and medium enterprises. In addition, the authors’ findings point at some links between public procurement and the concepts of sustainable development and competitiveness. Nevertheless, the dominant position of price as evaluation criterion indicates that the linkages are rather weak. Finally, the increasing interest of the Czech Republic in e-procurement was documented.

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Development of farms according to the LFA classification

Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) ◽

10.17221/66/2013-agricecon ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (No. 12) ◽

pp. 551-562

Author(s):

J. Lososová ◽

R. Zdeněk

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Crop Production ◽

Labour Productivity ◽

Livestock Production ◽

Economic Indicators ◽

Mountain Areas ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Revenue Growth ◽

Opposite Trend ◽

Important Trend

The aim of the paper is to assess the situation and development of Czech agriculture by the production and economic ratios of a sample of farms. The development is evaluated using a database of farms from the Czech Republic since 2000, divided by the share of land included in the LFA. The year 2011 revealed a significant improvement in economic indicators over the previous year. A positive profit appeared in 95% of enterprises and economic results approached the results of 2007. An important trend is the reduction in the number of workers, when in 2011 the number of workers was equal to 70% to that in 2000, while labour productivity is increasing annually by an average of 7%. In the structure of production, the average farm revealed a revenue growth of crop production, the revenue from livestock production was declining, although the opposite trend appeared in mountain areas. In all categories of farms, there is a growing dependence on subsidies. Although the year 2011 was the second most productive since 2000, the profit after deducting subsidies was reached by 13% of farms only.

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