A Brief Analysis of Underground Markets in Eastern Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-56
Author(s):  
Loredana Maftei
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
International Terrorism ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The World ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Significant Region

Abstract In the last decade, the financial underground markets evolved in a surprisingly way, around the world. Eastern Europe is a significant region, where illegal activities associated with the shadow economy became a real problem that affects the governments stability, the economical, political and social status. Due to the influence of old regimes and the current tolerance of the Eastern European nations, this underground corridors emphasize the risk of interfering with the financing platforms of international terrorism or organized crime

scholarly journals Transnational organized crime as a modern phenomenon: definitions and main features

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Olena Tkachova
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Transnational Organized Crime ◽  
Spheres Of Influence ◽  
Criminal Organizations ◽  
Crime Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Modern Technologies

The article analyzes the current situation in the world from the standpoint of the spread of such a negative phenomenon as transnational organized crime. It has been proven that by reducing the time of entry into another country, and in EU countries also by eliminating the need for customs control, it is easier for criminals not only to quickly and unhindered to get, so to speak, to another part of the hemisphere, but also to move, hide or hide goods, weapons, etc. In addition, a powerful impetus to criminal activity was given by globalization, the development of modern technologies, in particular, methods, techniques, programs used in modern banking, facilitated the implementation of international criminal agreements, and the electronics revolution gave criminals, including criminal organizations, access to new means and methods of obtaining funds.It is substantiated that transnational organized crime is one of the highest levels of criminal evolution, a qualitatively new form of crime organization, their antisocial, illegal activities go beyond the territory and jurisdiction of one state, and the subjects are sustainable criminal organizations, whose activities and spheres of influence applies not to one but to several countries, neighboring states, regions, etc. They operate in different regions of the world, have a certain specialization, use various methods, techniques (blackmail, intimidation, corruption schemes), and are united by a common goal - to obtain a very high (maximum) profit while ensuring minimal risk.

scholarly journals East European Jews – prejudice or pride?

2015 ◽  
pp. 165-179
Author(s):  
Waldemar Szczerbiński
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
East European ◽  
Central Eastern Europe ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Spiritual Legacy

Jews from Central-Eastern Europe play a significant role in the formation of individual and social self-awareness in the Jewish world. It seems that in the Jewish world there exists a polarised approach to the Jews from this part of the world. On the one hand, there is pride, on the other, prejudice verging on shame. Some Jews have identified themselves with the group, others did the opposite, denied having anything to do with them. The most important question of our analyses is: what is the role of Eastern European Jews in building Jewish collective identity? Byron Sherwin, an American Jew, is an example of a great fascination with the Yiddish civilisation. Not only does he recognize and appreciate the spiritual legacy of Jews in Poland for other Jews around the world, but also accords this legacy a pre-eminent status in the collective Jewish identity. At the same time, he is conscious of the fact that not all Jews, if only in the United States, share his view. It is an upshot of the deep prejudice towards the life in the European Diaspora, which has been in evidence for some time. The same applies to the Jews in Israel. The new generations see the spiritual and cultural achievements of the Eastern European Jews as a legacy that should be learned and developed. This engenders hope that the legacy of the Jews of Eastern Europe will be preserved and will become a foundation of identity for future generations. 

scholarly journals THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC – A SOURCE FOR GEOPOLITICAL CHANGE? THE CASE OF EASTERN EUROPE

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oana - Antonia COLIBĂȘANU ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Change Position ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The world’s tectonics seem to be changing faster than before, considering the current Covid-19 pandemic. Understanding the general, global sources for change that drive the major powers’ national interests is key to understanding Eastern European geopolitical trends. This research paper looks at the impact the Covid-19 pandemic has had so far on the world, considering the main geopolitical questions that have been raised during the last nine months since the pandemic started. It also addresses the pandemic effects on Europe, focusing on the challenges for Eastern Europe during the short and medium term. Conclusions refer to the way the regional balancing act changes, depending on how the EU, the US, China and Russia change position globally and how their strategies intersect with one another and with those of the countries in the Eastern Europe.

Policy

2018 ◽  
pp. 583-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Brozus ◽  
Christian Jetzlsperger ◽  
Gregor Walter-Drop
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
State Building ◽  
International Terrorism ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Fragile States ◽  
State Fragility ◽  
Institutional Failure ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Communities

The idea that a competent state should be the dominant model of organization for political communities has always been at odds with the reality of ineffective governments in many parts of the world. With the end of the bipolar confrontation, the strategic interest in keeping these ‘fragile states’ alive significantly declined while the onset of globalization processes dramatically increased interdependence and interconnectedness. Thus, limited statehood (or ‘state fragility’) became associated with global security threats such as international terrorism and organized crime. The international interventions in ex-Yugoslavia, Iraq and Afghanistan led to the emergence of ‘state-building’ to solve these problems. The rather mixed results of state-building efforts resulted in a more modest concept of ‘stabilization’ that focuses on immediate conflict management and preventing institutional failure. Building on the various theoretical and empirical developments, we suggest ‘governance-building’ as an alternative concept to guide policy vis-a-vis areas of limited statehood.

scholarly journals The impact of Economics and Finance research published in Central and Eastern Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Krueger ◽  
Nikolay Megits
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Scholarly Impact ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bibliometric Measures

Research quality dictates the reputation of faculty, colleges, and universities, regardless of their location. In order to shed some light on the quality construct, this research reports on the scholarly impact of economics and finance journals published in countries of Central and Eastern Europe.  A comparison of coverage by Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and Cabell’s, three scholarly databases, reveals the lesser coverage of CEE journals within WoS and Scopus.  Examination of E&F journals published in Poland, Romania, and the remainder of CEE, as defined by the Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research, discloses that the level of quality varies by nation.  There are variations across the popular CiteScore, SJR, SNIP, and percentage of articles cited bibliometric measures.  Furthermore, this research documents the existence of impact variation between journals focused on Eastern Europe published in Eastern Europe and published elsewhere in the world. 

scholarly journals Report of the First Meeting of the Middle East and Eastern Europe Rabies Expert Bureau, Istanbul, Turkey (June 8-9, 2010)

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Aylan ◽  
Aly Fahmy Mohamed El-Sayed ◽  
Firouzeh Farahtaj ◽  
Ali R. Janani ◽  
Olga Lugach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Regional Network ◽  
The World ◽  
Exchange Information ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
And Control ◽  
Rabies Prevention ◽  
Animal Reservoirs

Rabies is a threat in all parts of the world where animal reservoirs persists, including Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Rabies experts from seven Middle East and Eastern European countries (Croatia, Egypt, Georgia, Iran, Serbia, Turkey, and Ukraine) met for two days in Istanbul, Turkey (June 8-9, 2010), to exchange information on the epidemiological situation concerning human and animal rabies in their respective countries and to discuss strategies for rabies elimination and control. They decided to establish a regional network, the Middle East and Eastern Europe Rabies Expert Bureau (MEEREB), a regional network of experts, to increase collaboration in rabies prevention and control at the local, regional, and global levels.

Eastern European Jewry in the Modern Period: 1750–1939

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Stanislawski
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Jewish Life ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
East European ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

This article notes that the study of the modern history of East European Jews is not a field driven at present by deep conceptual or ideological divides or abiding scholarly or methodological controversies. The past debates on this score between Israeli and diaspora Jewish scholarship have all but disappeared, as has even more dramatically the attempt at a Marxist version of juedische Wissenschaft. While the major works of the founders of the field from Simon Dubnov on ought to be studied and the impressive resurgence of interest in the history and culture of East European Jewry in the modern age is underway, the work is still largely undone. The crucial challenge to the field is not to succumb to the lachrymose and romanticized stereotypes of Jewish life in Eastern Europe while continuing to explore the history of this the largest Jewry in the world before the Holocaust.

scholarly journals STRATEGY FOR MANAGING BANKING SYSTEMS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE COUNTRIES UNDER GLOBALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (27) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Vunjak ◽  
Milan Radaković ◽  
Miloš Dragosavac
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Corporate Identity ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The World ◽  
Eastern European Countries

The financial crisis has adversely affected all the countries of the world in the conditions of globalization with different intensity, no matter if it is higher or lower level of development and different economic structures. In the context of globalization in the countries in transition, the banking system was reformed, thus creating a new financial market. The International Monetary Fund has taken an active part in the transition process of Eastern European countries by providing advice and approving financial arrangements. Developed countries of the world have implemented measures of non-standard monetary policy to overcome the global financial crisis. In some parts of Central and Eastern Europe, in addition to the general corporate identity (bank name, abbreviated name, trademark and slogan of the bank), the countries also applied qualitative features of the bank's corporate identity (image, reputation and goodwill). As they enter the 21st century, banks in developed countries are increasingly emphasizing the corporate culture and style of business of the bank. In the practice of banks, the following performances are most often present: financial, marketing, performance management, employee performance, business philosophy, reputation and the image of the bank. The banks' performance analysis included 13 Central and Eastern European countries divided into three groups. Performance over the period 2008-2018 is analyzed, related to: share of total assets in GDP, share of total loans in GDP, share of total deposit in GDP and level of capital adequacy of Central and Eastern European countries. The analysis shows that the central banks of the countries of Central Europe are dominant, and that in certain performances they are approached by the banks of the countries of Eastern Europe (members of the European Union and the Western Balkans).

Swimming Against the Tide: Implications for Cuba of Soviet and Eastern European Reforms in Foreign Economic Relations

1991 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge F. Perez-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Political System ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Central Planning ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World

Since mid-1989, remarkable political and economic changes have occurred in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. Although the countries differ with regard to the scope, speed, and sequence of these changes, in the economic arena the objective is, in all cases, to abandon traditional central planning and replace it with a market economy. An integral component of these efforts to establish markets is the reform of foreign economic relations and greater involvement in the world economy.While a tide of political and economic change has swept the East, Cuba has adamantly held on to a one-party political system and to orthodox central planning.

scholarly journals DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF SHADOW ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES IN THE MODERN ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Alexander Bradul ◽  
◽  
Vira Shepeliuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Logical Research

Shadow economy is a rather ambiguous and multifaceted concept. The shadow sector includes a variety of illegal activities as well as legal but unofficial or not formally recorded. The presence of shadow economic activity becomes a real problem for government regulation, especially in conditions of significant shocks, as it reduces fiscal potential, distorts development indicators and complicates any analytical conclusions about the state of the economic system. The purpose of the article is to highlight the theoretical foundations of the shadow economy, analyze the shadow sector of the Ukrainian economy and identify possible ways to minimize it. The authors used in the article historical and logical research methods that allowed us to characterize the socio-economic reasons for the emergence and scope of the shadow sector of the economy of Ukraine; abstract and concrete, which is used in the process of determining the impact of economic shadowing on certain areas of economic activity. The issue of the influence of the shadow economy on various aspects of state development is complex and requires detailed analysis. However, perhaps the most important thing is to maintain the security of the country as a whole, including its economic component. The expansion of the shadow sector of Ukraine's economy beyond the threshold determines the need to intensify theoretical and practical studies of the nature of the process of shadowing of the economy, limiting the negative effects of this phenomenon, the introduction of leverage the direct and indirect impact on the shadow economy of Ukraine, ensuring of the theoretical achievements for the formation of vectors of shadows.

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