Perimeter Protection of the Areas of Interest

This article analyses the history and current state in the area of outdoor protection. In the first part of the article, the sensory systems, which have been used for many years are described. Attention is paid to the sensors using conventional principles of the detection of the objects. New modern sensory systems together with their principles used for the protection of the outdoor environment are also described. Other problem is that older sensory systems of spatial protection were focused on the security of properties and buildings without expecting any change position in the time. The article analyzes also new possibilities of protecting of the outdoor perimeter even in the situations when the borders of the areas of interest are only temporary or mobile. And as UAV systems have been used massively and often involve modern multisensory systems, the last part of the article describes current sensors, which have been currently used to detect the UAV systems and to to protect the area of interest.

Postural Asymmetries and Assistive Devices Used by Adults With Cerebral Palsy in Lying, Sitting, and Standing

Purpose: To describe the use of assistive devices and postural asymmetries in lying, sitting and standing positions in adults with cerebral palsy, and to analyze postural asymmetries and any associations with their ability to maintain or change position and time in these positions.Methods: A cross-sectional study based on data from the Swedish Cerebral Palsy follow-up program of 1,547 adults aged 16–76 years, at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I (n = 330), II (n = 323), III (n = 235), IV (n = 298), and V (n = 361). Assistive devices such as wheelchairs, seating systems, adjustable beds, standing equipment and time in each position were reported. The Posture and Postural Ability Scale was used to identify asymmetries and rate the ability to maintain or change position. Binary logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) for postural asymmetries in supine, sitting and standing.Results: Assistive devices were used by 63% in sitting (range 5–100% GMFCS levels I–V), 42% in lying (4–92% levels I-V), and 32% in standing (2–70% levels II–V). Wheelchairs were used as seating systems by 57%. Most adults had postural asymmetries in supine (75%; range 35–100% levels I–V), sitting (81%; 50–99% levels I–V) and standing (88%; 65–100% levels I–V). Men were more likely than women to have postural asymmetries, and the likelihood of postural asymmetries increased with age, GMFCS levels and inability to change position. Inability to maintain position increased the probability of postural asymmetries in all positions from OR 2.6 in standing to OR 8.2 in lying and OR 13.1 in sitting.Conclusions: Almost twice as many adults used assistive devices in sitting than in lying or standing. Two thirds of the adults who used standing devices used it for <1 h per day, indicating that they might spend the remaining 23 out of 24 h per day either sitting or lying. Asymmetric postures were frequent across all ages and were highly associated with inability to change or maintain position.

Research on the Characteristics of Turnout Flow Based on the Eccentricity Index of Maximum Flow Velocity

On the one hand, the characteristics of the turnout flow in the river are related to the stability of the turnout flow, and on the other hand, it is related to the safety of the flowing buildings near the bend turnout river. To observe the characteristics of the flow field in the chaotic river, the open channel surface layer digital particle image velocity (DPIV) system is used to measure the data in the physical model of the curved turnout river, and the maximum flow eccentricity (MFE) of the channel section is established. The flow pattern of the turnout flow is analyzed. The results show that the MFE index can effectively evaluate the flow pattern of the turnout flow. The MFE of the upper stream section of the curved river changes with the sudden change position of the flow between twice to 3.5 times the water surface width from the center point, and moves upstream with the increase of the flow rate, and moves downstream with the increase of the water level. This characteristic has guiding significance for the adjustment of the flow pattern of the front pool of the building.

Trajectories of RNA Virus Mutation Hidden by Evolutionary Alternate Reality Thermodynamic Endpoints in Transformations in Response to Abiotic Habitat Stresses

Viruses ensure the vital redistribution of nutrients to maintain sustainability in an ecosystem. This includes repair and survival, growth and evolution thanks to the efficient nutrient recycling and infectious rates of viruses throughout a stressed-ecosystem. If evolution in space–time can be defined by multiple planes which change position according to the evolution rate of the habitat, then the locations and volumes of returning chronic infectious viruses will appear in a logical predictable fashion based on the lissajous trajectory based on thermodynamic modeling.

Evolution of Globus Pallidus Targeting for Parkinson's and Dystonia Deep Brain Stimulation: A 15-Year Experience

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the evolution of GPi DBS targeting.Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included patients implanted with GPi DBS leads for dystonia or PD during the years 2004 to 2018 at the University of Florida Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases. Each patient underwent a high-resolution targeting study on the day prior to the surgery, which was fused with a high resolution CT scan that was acquired on the day of the procedure. Intraoperative target location was selected using a digitized 3D Schaltenbrand-Bailey atlas. All patients underwent a high-resolution head CT scan without contrast approximately one month after lead implantation and accurate measurement of neuroanatomical lead position was acquired after fusion of pre-operative and post-operative image studies.Results: We analyzed 253 PD patients with 352 leads and 80 dystonia patients with 141 leads. During 15 years of follow-up, lead locations in the PD group migrated more laterally (β = 0.09, p < 0.0001), posteriorly [slope (β) = 0.04, p < 0.05], and dorsally (β = 0.07, p < 0.001), whereas leads in the dystonia group did not significantly change position aside from a trend in the dorsal direction (β = 0.06, p = 0.053).Conclusion: The evolving target likely results from multiple factors including improvements in targeting techniques and clinical feedback intraoperatively and post-operatively. Our demonstrates the potential importance of a systematic post-operative DBS lead measurement protocol to ensure quality control and to inform and optimize DBS programming.

Clusters of neuronal Neurofascin prefigure node of Ranvier position along single axons

The spacing of nodes of Ranvier crucially affects conduction properties along myelinated axons. It has been assumed that node position is primarily driven by the growth of myelin sheaths. Here, we reveal an additional mechanism of node positioning that is driven by the axon. We show through longitudinal live imaging of node formation dynamics that stable clusters of the cell adhesion molecule Neurofascin A accumulate at specific sites along axons prior to myelination. While some of these clusters change position upon encounter with growing myelin sheaths, others restrict sheath extension and are therefore predictive of future node position. Animals that lack full-length Neurofascin A showed increased internodal distances and less regular spacing of nodes along single axons. Together, our data reveal the existence of an axonal mechanism to position its nodes of Ranvier that does not depend on regulation of myelin sheath length.

Intranasal dexmedetomidine: Procedural sedation in palliative care: A case report

Background: This report describes the use of intranasal dexmedetomidine to control incident pain and facilitate daily change of dressing in a patient with cutaneous breast cancer. Case presentation: A 45-year-old woman with extensive thoracic cutaneous metastatic bilateral breast cancer requiring daily 2-hour dressing changes to manage significant exudate. Pain during change of dressing was severe and unresponsive to usual analgesics. Deeper sedation was not an option as the patient was required to change position 1 hour into dressing change. Case management: Intranasal dexmedetomidine was administered 40 minutes prior to dressing change and provided effective rousable sedation and analgesia for the duration of the procedure. Case outcome: Dexmedetomidine provided rousable sedation, allowing the patient to follow commands and mobilise during the procedure. Pain was controlled. No adverse cardiovascular effects were noted with the use of intranasal dexmedetomidine. Conclusion: Intranasal dexmedetomidine is a potentially useful medication for procedural sedation in the management of complex wound dressings. It provides rousable short-term sedation, anxiolysis and analgesia. Further research into the role of intranasal dexmedetomidine to facilitate challenging dressing changes in a community setting is warranted.

Application of Deep Learning Methods for Detection and Tracking of Players

This chapter deals with the application of deep learning methods in sports scenes for the purpose of detecting and tracking the athletes and recognizing their activities. The scenes recorded during handball games and training activities will be used as an example. Handball is a team sport played with the ball with well-defined goals and rules, with a given number of players who can participate in the game as well as their roles. Athletes move quickly throughout the field during the game, change position and roles from defensive to offensive, use different techniques and actions, and very often are partially or completely occluded by another athlete. If artificial lighting and cluttered background are additionally taken into account, it is clear that these are very challenging tasks for object detectors and trackers. The chapter will present the results of various experiments that include player and ball detection using state-of-the-art deep convolutional neural networks such as YOLO v3 or Mask R-CNN, player tracking using Deep Sort, key player determination using activity measures, and action recognition using LSTM. In the conclusion, open issues and challenges in applying deep learning methods in such a dynamic sports environment will be discussed.

THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC – A SOURCE FOR GEOPOLITICAL CHANGE? THE CASE OF EASTERN EUROPE

The world’s tectonics seem to be changing faster than before, considering the current Covid-19 pandemic. Understanding the general, global sources for change that drive the major powers’ national interests is key to understanding Eastern European geopolitical trends. This research paper looks at the impact the Covid-19 pandemic has had so far on the world, considering the main geopolitical questions that have been raised during the last nine months since the pandemic started. It also addresses the pandemic effects on Europe, focusing on the challenges for Eastern Europe during the short and medium term. Conclusions refer to the way the regional balancing act changes, depending on how the EU, the US, China and Russia change position globally and how their strategies intersect with one another and with those of the countries in the Eastern Europe.

A Report of Clinical Audit for Prevention and Improvement of Bedsore in Southwest Iran

Objective: Pressure ulcer is areas of necrosis caused by external pressure on bony prominences with a prevalence of 10-22%. Methods: This study was conducted to improve prevention and care of bedsore by clinical audit at Ahvaz Golestan Hospital. We included hospitalized patients at the risk of bedsore in general, special and emergency units at Ahvaz Golestan Hospital during a 6-month period. In accordance to the clinical audit cycle, the current situation was assessed by observation and consultation. After finding weakness points, proper interventions were implemented based on NICE guidelines for bedsore. Subsequently, another audit was performed to assess the effectiveness of intervention. Results: Comparison of results before and after intervention showed an increase in all studied variables. The changes in studied variables are listed as following: bedsore reduction (p=0.001), patients' assessment during the first 6 hours of hospitalization (p=0.008), assessment of external pressure (p=0.001), change position (p=0.001), care standards (p=0.170) and skin friction (p=0.001). The highest increase was seen in change position (p=0.001) and the lowest increase was seen in maintaining adequate skin hygiene (p=0.360). Conclusions: Clinical audit led to improvement of prevention and treatment quality of bedsore and also formulation and implementation of standards of care.