scholarly journals Reference Values of Maximal Oxygen Uptake for Polish Rowers

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Klusiewicz ◽  
Michał Starczewski ◽  
Maria Ładyga ◽  
Barbara Długołęcka ◽  
Wojciech Braksator ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Process Mean ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
National Team ◽  
Rowing Ergometer ◽  
High Level

Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize changes in maximal oxygen uptake over several years and to elaborate current reference values of this index based on determinations carried out in large and representative groups of top Polish rowers. For this study 81 female and 159 male rowers from the sub-junior to senior categories were recruited from the Polish National Team and its direct backup. All the subjects performed an incremental exercise test on a rowing ergometer. During the test maximal oxygen uptake was measured with the BxB method. The calculated reference values for elite Polish junior and U23 rowers allowed to evaluate the athletes’ fitness level against the respective reference group and may aid the coach in controlling the training process. Mean values of VO2max achieved by members of the top Polish rowing crews who over the last five years competed in the Olympic Games or World Championships were also presented. The results of the research on the “trainability” of the maximal oxygen uptake may lead to a conclusion that the growth rate of the index is larger in case of high-level athletes and that the index (in absolute values) increases significantly between the age of 19-22 years (U23 category).

scholarly journals How to Be 80 Year Old and Have a VO2maxof a 35 Year Old

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine Karlsen ◽  
Ingeborg Megård Leinan ◽  
Fredrik Hjulstad Bækkerud ◽  
Kari Margrethe Lundgren ◽  
Atefe Tari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Filling ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Fitness ◽  
Systolic And Diastolic Function ◽  
High Level ◽  
Ventricular Filling

Background. To discuss the cardiovascular and pulmonary physiology and common risk factors of an 80-year-old man with a world record maximal oxygen uptake of 50 mL·kg−1·min−1.Methods. Case report.Results. His maximal oxygen uptake of 3.31 L·min−1, maximal heart rate of 175 beats·min−1, and maximal oxygen pulse of 19 mL·beats−1are high. He is lean (66.6 kg) and muscular (49% skeletal muscle mass). His echo parameters of mitral flow (left ventricular filling,E= 82 cm·s−1andE/A= 1.2) were normal for 40- to 60-year-old men. Systolic and diastolic function increased adequately during exercise, with no increase in left ventricular filling pressure. He has excellent pulmonary function (FVC = 4.31 L, FEV1 = 3.41, FEV1/FVC = 0.79, and DLCO = 12.0 Si1) and normal FMD and blood volumes (5.8 L). He has a high level of daily activity (10,900 steps·day−1and 2:51 hours·day−1of physical activity) and a lifelong history of physical activity.Conclusion. The man is in excellent cardiopulmonary fitness and is highly physically active. His cardiac and pulmonary functions are above expectations for his age, and his VO2maxis comparable to that of an inactive 25-year-old and of a normal, active 35-year-old Norwegian man.

Comparison of maximal oxygen uptake values determined by predicted and actual methods

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Glassford ◽  
G. H. Y. Baycroft ◽  
A. W. Sedgwick ◽  
R. B. J. Macnab
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Indirect Test ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Fitness Test

Twenty-four male subjects aged 17–33 were given three direct tests of maximal oxygen uptake and one indirect test. The direct tests were those of Mitchell, Sproule, and Chapman (treadmill); Taylor, Buskirk, and Henschel (treadmill); and Åstrand (bicycle ergometer). The indirect test was the Åstrand-Ryhming nomogram (bicycle ergometer) employing heart rate response to submaximal work. In addition, the Johnson, Brouha, and Darling physical fitness test was administered. The two treadmill tests and the indirect test yielded significantly higher mean values than did the direct bicycle test. However no other significant differences in mean values occurred. Correlation coefficients between the various oxygen uptake tests as well as the fitness test were all found to be significant (.62–.83), i.e., greater than zero. No correlation obtained proved to be significantly greater than any other. The results indicate that direct treadmill tests, employing greater muscle mass, yield higher maximal oxygen uptake values (8%) than does the direct bicycle ergometer test. The Åstrand-Ryhming nomogram appears to produce a good estimation of maximal oxygen uptake, in a population unaccustomed to cycling. erobic capacity; exercise; heart rate Submitted on September 17, 1964

scholarly journals Maximal oxygen uptake is associated with allele -202 A of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) promoter polymorphism and (CA)n tandem repeats of insulin-like growth factor IGF1 in Caucasians from Poland.

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Gronek ◽  
Joanna Holdys ◽  
Jakub Kryściak ◽  
Dariusz Wieliński ◽  
Ryszard Słomski
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Promoter Polymorphism ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
National Team ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
The University

Physical fitness is a trait determined by multiple genes, and its genetic basis is modified by numerous environmental factors. The present study examines the effects of the (CA)n tandem repeats polymorphism in IGFI gene and SNP Alw21I restriction site -202 A>C polymorphism in IGF1BP3 on VO2max--a physiological index of aerobic capacity of high heritability. The study sample consisted of 239 (154 male and 85 female) students of the University School of Physical Education in Poznań and athletes practicing various sports, including members of the Polish national team. An association was found between -202 A/C polymorphism of IGFBP3 gene with VO2max in men. Higher VO2max values were attained by men with CC genotype, especially male athletes practicing endurance sports and sports featuring energy metabolism of aerobic/anaerobic character. A statistically significant influence of allele 188 and genotype 188/188 of tandem repeats (CA)n polymorphism of IGF1 gene on VO2max was found in women. Also, lower values of maximal oxygen uptake were noted in individuals with allele 186 or genotype 186/186, and higher VO2max values in athletes with allele 194.

scholarly journals Game Intensity Analysis of Elite Adolescent Ice Hockey Players

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Stanula ◽  
Robert Roczniok
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
National Team ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Physiological Demands ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Uptake Test ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine ice-hockey players’ playing intensity based on their heart rates (HRs) recorded during a game and on the outcomes of an incremental maximum oxygen uptake test. Twenty ice-hockey players, members of the Polish junior national team (U18), performed an incremental test to assess their maximal oxygen uptake (V̇ O2max) in the two week’s period preceding 5 games they played at the World Championships. Players’ HRs at the first and second ventilatory thresholds obtained during the test were utilized to determine intensity zones (low, moderate, and high) that were subsequently used to classify HR values recorded during each of the games. For individual intensity zones, the following HRs expressed as mean values and as percentages of the maximal heart rate (HRmax) were obtained: forwards 148-158 b⋅min-1 (79.5-84.8% HRmax), 159-178 b⋅min-1 (85.4-95.6% HRmax), 179-186 b⋅min-1 (96.1-100.0% HRmax); defensemen 149-153 b⋅min-1 (80.0-82.1% HRmax), 154-175 b⋅min-1 (82.6- 94.0% HRmax), 176-186 b⋅min-1 (94.5-100.0% HRmax). The amount of time the forwards and defensemen spent in the three intensity zones expressed as percentages of the total time of the game were: 54.91 vs. 55.62% (low), 26.40 vs. 22.38% (moderate) and 18.68 vs. 22.00% (high). The forwards spent more time in the low intensity zone than the defensemen, however, the difference was not statistically significant. The results of the study indicate that using aerobic and anaerobic metabolism variables to determine intensity zones can significantly improve the reliability of evaluation of the physiological demands of the game, and can be a useful tool for coaches in managing the training process.

Perceived Exertion during Physical Exercise among Individuals High and Low in Fitness

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios K. Travlos ◽  
Daniel Q. Marisi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Workload Analysis ◽  
Fitness Level

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of fitness level and gradually increased amounts of exercise on individuals' ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). 20 men served as paid subjects. They were divided into groups of high (>56 ml/kg/min.) and low fitness (<46 ml/kg/min.) according to their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max). Participants were required to pedal on a cycle ergometer at a progressively increased workload (every 10 min.) corresponding to 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80% of individual VO2 max values. Heart rates, RPE, and core temperatures were recorded every 5th minute after the initiation of exercising at a specific workload. Analysis indicated that, when controlling for VO2 max values, elevations of heart rate and core temperature were not affected by fitness. However, highly fit individuals perceived themselves under less exertion than did the group low in fitness. Correlations showed that, taking into consideration fitness, there is a stronger relationship between RPE and heart rate and RPE and core temperature for the highly fit individuals than for the less fit.

scholarly journals Influence of type and duration of training on the presence of an abnormal ECG in high-performance athletes

Heart Asia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e011120
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Verrall ◽  
Angus Hains ◽  
Bronte Ayres ◽  
Richard Hillock
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ecg Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Training ◽  
Group 1

ObjectiveTo undertake an ECG in high level athletes to determine the morphology of the ECG and to assess the influences on the ECG of the amount of time in a high-performance programme and the type of sport played.DesignCross-sectional cohort study.SettingHigh-performance sports programme.InterventionsCurrent symptoms (questionnaire) and length of time in a high-performance sports programme were recorded. Sports were classified as either high maximal oxygen uptake continuous, high maximal oxygen uptake repeated effort or static. An ECG was performed and classified by 2010 European Society of Cardiology guidelines into Groups 0 (normal), Group 1 (common and training-related ECG changes) and Group 2 (uncommon and training unrelated ECG changes).ResultsThe following were recorded: length of time in high performance sport programme (mean 2.3 years), type of sport (Continuous 103, Repeated effort 133, Static 37), ECG changes Group 0 (n=83, 31%), Group 1 (n=173, 63%) and Group 2 (n=17, 6.2%). Athletes with an increased length of time in a high performance programme demonstrated a higher likelihood of Group 2 ECG changes when compared with Groups 0 and 1 (p=0.05). The questionnaire did not help detect athletes with Group 2 ECG changes.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that an increased length of time in a high performance programme was associated with an increased number of detectable Group 2 ECG changes. Overall, the further investigation rate was 6.2%.

P4339Reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy Koreans: compared to western nations and nomogram

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Y Jang ◽  
W Kim ◽  
D O Kang ◽  
Y Park ◽  
E J Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sports Science ◽  
Korean Adults

Abstract Introduction Cardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF), defined as the integrated ability to properly oxygenate skeletal muscles during physical activity, is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. The reference range for CRF may differ among nations, with Asians under-represented in previous data. Purpose In this study, we sought to establish reference values of CRF for Asians using a recent Korean cohort. Methods We analyzed 2646 healthy Korean adults recently enrolled in the Korea Institute of Sports Science Fitness Standards (KISS FitS) project with estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) values during treadmill test. Patients with cardiovascular or renal disease, systemic infection, pregnant women and those with orthopedic injuries unable to measure physical fitness were excluded. Age-specific mean VO2max values were compared with those from recent American, Norwegian, Danish cohorts and old Korean data. Results Age-specific reference values for healthy Korean adults in this cohort were as shown (Table). We were able to draw a nomogram to predict exercise capacity for a given age and MET value (Figure). When compared to other countries, less CRF reduction by aging was seen in Asians than in other Westerners. When compared to old Korean data from the 1980s, values were similar after adjustment for difference in methods, except for those under 30 years old which were decreased. Exercise capacity of healthy Korean Men Women Age VO2max (ml/kg/min) N P-value for trend Age VO2max (ml/kg/min) N P-value for trend 19–29 42.3±6.3± 209 <0.01 19–29 34.3±4.3± 110 <0.01 30–39 42.0±5.0± 170 39–39 32.2±4.5± 211 40–49 41.4±5.6± 238 40–49 30.8±4.6± 284 50–59 38.0±5.7± 274 50–59 28.3±4.6± 367 60–69 32.4±6.2± 134 60–69 26.0±5.7± 336 70–79 27.2±5.6± 83 70–79 23.9±4.4± 195 >80 24.1±4.0± 11 >80 21.0±3.7± 24 Total 38.6±7.4± 1119 Total 28.5±5.8 1527 Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. VO2max, maximal oxygen uptake; N, number. Nomogram of exercise capacity in Koreans Conclusions While there was no significant change in CRF over time in the same ethnic group, there was a clear inter-ethnic difference. CRF should be assessed according to ethnic or national standards, and it is necessary to establish a reference for each nation or ethnicity with periodic updates. Acknowledgement/Funding National Sports Promotion Fund of the Korea Sports Promotion Foundation in 2015

scholarly journals Indirect Methods of Assessing Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Rowers: Practical Implications for Evaluating Physical Fitness in a Training Cycle

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Klusiewicz ◽  
Lech Borkowski ◽  
Dariusz Sitkowski ◽  
Krystyna Burkhard-Jagodzińska ◽  
Beata Szczepańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Total Error ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Training Cycle ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Rowing Ergometer ◽  
Practical Implications

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of indirect methods of assessment of VO2max for estimation of physical capacity of trained male and female rowers during a training cycle. A group of 8 female and 14 male rowers performed the maximal intensity test simulating the regatta distance (a 2 km test) and a submaximal incremental exercise test on a rowing ergometer. The suitability of the indirect methods of predicting VO2max during the training cycle was evaluated by performing the tests twice: in females at an interval of five months and in males at an interval of seven months. To indirectly estimate VO2max, regression formulas obtained for the linear relationship between the examined effort indices were utilized based on 1) mean power obtained in the 2 km test, and 2) submaximal exercises after the estimation of PWC170. Although the suitability of the two indirect methods of assessment of VO2max was statisticaly confirmed, their usefulness for estimation of changes in physical fitness of trained rowers during the training cycle was rather low. Such an opinion stems from the fact that the total error of these methods (range between 4.2-7.7% in female and 5.1-7.4% in male rowers) was higher than the real differences in VO2max values determined in direct measurements (between the first and the second examination maximal oxygen uptake rose by 3.0% in female rowers and decreased by 4.3% in male rowers).

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