scholarly journals Comparison of the Ramp and Step Incremental Exercise Test Protocols in Assessing the Maximal Fat Oxidation Rate in Youth Cyclists

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Kamil Michalik ◽  
Natalia Danek ◽  
Marek Zatoń
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Incremental Exercise Test ◽  
Ramp Test ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation

Abstract The incremental exercise test is the most common method in assessing the maximal fat oxidation (MFO) rate. The main aim of the study was to determine whether the progressive linear RAMP test can be used to assess the maximal fat oxidation rate along with the intensities that trigger its maximal (FATmax) and its minimal (FATmin) values. Our study comprised 57 young road cyclists who were tested in random order. Each of them was submitted to two incremental exercise tests on an electro-magnetically braked cycle-ergometer - STEP (50 W·3 min-1) and RAMP (~0.278 W·s-1) at a 7-day interval. A stoichiometric equation was used to calculate the fat oxidation rate, while the metabolic thresholds were defined by analyzing ventilation gases. The Student’s T-test, Bland-Altman plots and Pearson’s linear correlations were resorted to in the process of statistical analysis. No statistically significant MFO variances occurred between the tests (p = 0.12) and its rate amounted to 0.57 ± 0.15 g·min-1 and 0.53 ± 0.17 g·min-1 in the STEP and RAMP, respectively. No statistically significant variances in the absolute and relative (to maximal) values of oxygen uptake and heart rate were discerned at the FATmax and FATmin intensities. The RAMP test displayed very strong oxygen uptake correlations between the aerobic threshold and FATmax (r = 0.93, R2 = 0.87, p < 0.001) as well as the anaerobic threshold and FATmin (r = 0.88, R2 = 0.78, p < 0.001). Our results corroborate our hypothesis that the incremental RAMP test as well as the STEP test are reliable tools in assessing MFO, FATmax and FATmin intensities.

Maximal oxygen uptake, ventilatory threshold and fat oxidation after an incremental exercise test in triathletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 176 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanapi M. Johari ◽  
Brinnell A. Caszo ◽  
Victor F. Knight ◽  
Steven A. Lumley ◽  
Aminuddin K. Abdul Hamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Incremental Exercise Test

scholarly journals Oxygen uptake and ratings of perceived exertion at the lactate threshold and maximal fat oxidation rate in untrained adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 111 (9) ◽  
pp. 2063-2068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey A. Rynders ◽  
Siddhartha S. Angadi ◽  
Nathan Y. Weltman ◽  
Glenn A. Gaesser ◽  
Arthur Weltman
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation

Reduced Fat Oxidation During Exercise in Post-Menopausal Overweight-Obese Women with Higher Lipid Accumulation Product Index

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (08) ◽  
pp. 556-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elana Stein ◽  
Igor Martins Silva ◽  
Gilson P. Dorneles ◽  
Fabio Santos Lira ◽  
Pedro Romão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Test ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Incremental Exercise Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Menopausal

Abstract Background and Aims The main aim of this study was to analyze how the lipid accumulation affects the whole-body fat oxidation over a range of intensities during a submaximal incremental exercise test in post-menopausal overweight-obese women. Patients and Methods The maximal fat oxidation (MFO), the intensity where the MFO occurs (FatMax), fat oxidation were measured over a range of intensities during a submaximal incremental exercise test through indirect calorimetry in 60 postmenopausal overweight-obese women (aged>49 years; body mass index 28.0 to 39.0 kg/m²). The metabolic profile of participants was evaluated and the LAP index was calculated (waist-58×triglycerides [mmol/L]). A cutoff point of 34.5 was adopted and participant were designed as low LAP index (n=30) or high LAP index (n=30). Results During submaximal exercise postmenopausal overweight-obese women with low LAP index showed a higher fat oxidation at 50% (0.53±0.05 vs. 0.45±0.12 g/min; p=0.01), 60% (0.40±0.06 vs. 0.31±0.16 g/min; p=0.02) and 70% (0.34±0.08 vs. 0.25±0.15 g/min; p=0.03) of VO2Peak than those with high LAP index. No significant difference was observed in carbohydrate oxidation between groups (p>0.05) during exercise. Moreover, a significant difference in absolute MFO (p=0.018), MFO relative to free fat mass (p=0.043) and FatMax (p=0.002) was identified. Conclusion Postmenopausal overweight-obese women who showed unhealthy metabolic phenotype evaluated through LAP index presented low fat oxidation during a submaximal incremental exercise.

Maximal fat oxidation rate is higher in fit women and unfit women with obesity, compared to normal weight unfit women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Frandsen ◽  
Ida Marie Dahlgaard Hansen ◽  
Julie Fensmark Wismann ◽  
Maria Høyer Olsen ◽  
Morten Runge Brage-Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Graded Exercise ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation ◽  
Related Increase

Abstract Introduction Maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO) is higher in aerobically fit vs. unfit young men, but this training related increase in MFO is attenuated in middle-aged men. Further, it has also been found that unfit men with obesity may have an elevated MFO compared to unfit normal-weight men. Aim/Hypothesis Based hereupon, we aimed to investigate whether a fitness related higher MFO were attenuated in middle-aged women compared to young women. Also, we aimed to investigate if unfit women with obesity have a higher MFO compared to unfit normal-weight women. We hypothezised that the training related elevated MFO was attenuated in middle-aged women, but that unfit women with obesity would have an elevated MFO compared to unfit normal-weight women. Methods We recruited a total of 70 women stratified into six groups: Young fit (n=12), young unfit (n=12) middle-aged fit (n=12), middle-aged unfit (n=12), unfit young women with obesity (n=12) and unfit middle-aged women with obesity (n=10). Body composition and resting blood samples were obtained and MFO was measured by a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer via indirect calorimetry. Subsequently, a maximal exercise test was performed to establish V̇O2peak. Results Young and middle-aged fit women had a higher MFO compared to age-matched unfit women, and young fit women had a higher MFO compared to fit middle-aged women. Unfit women with obesity, independent of age, had a higher MFO compared to their normal-weight and unfit counterparts. Conclusion The training related increase in MFO seems maintained in middle-aged women and secondly, we find that unfit women with obesity, independent of age have a higher MFO compared to unfit normal-weight women.

Physiological Responses to Short-Duration High-Intensity Intermittent Rowing

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart Gullstrand
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Competition Intensity ◽  
Incremental Exercise Test ◽  
Rowing Ergometer

Six highly trained male elite rowers performed five sets of intermittent exercise on a rowing ergometer at competition intensity. Each set consisted of eight cycles of 15 s work and 15 s rest (15/15). Each set was repeated at 30-s intervals. Oxygen uptake and heart rate were continuously measured during each set. During the period between sets, microsamples of arterialized blood were obtained and later analyzed for lactate concentration. On two separate days, each subject also performed a 6-min bout of "all-out " exercise and a continuous incremental exercise test to fatigue on the rowing ergometer. During the intermittent rowing, no significant differences were detected in any of the measured variables between sets. Heart rate, oxygen uptake, and blood lactate averaged 89, 78, and 32%, respectively, of peak values measured during the continuous incremental exercise test. It is concluded that with rowing, the investigated 15/15 intermittent exercise model demands relatively high aerobic loading and low glycolytic activity. This exercise protocol may be considered an alternative model for training which allows rowers to work for prolonged periods of time at or slightly above competition intensity. Key words: Intermittent exercise, blood lactate, heart rate, oxygen uptake

scholarly journals Relationship between maximal fat oxidation and oxygen uptake: comparison between type 2 diabetes patients and healthy sedentary subjects

2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Cataldo ◽  
Giuseppe Russo ◽  
Dario Cerasola ◽  
Danila Di Majo ◽  
Marco Giammanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation ◽  
Intensity Of Exercise ◽  
Sedentary Subjects

The contribution of fat oxidation to energy production during exercise is influenced by intensity of exercise. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the highest value of fat oxidation rate (FATmax) and the oxygen uptake (VO2) in sedentary type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients vs healthy sedentary subjects. Sedentary T2D patients and healthy sedentary subjects were evaluated to a graded exercise test, and oxygen uptake and fat oxidation rate were detected. Data show that in T2D patients fat oxidation rate is not impaired and the positive linear correlation between FATmax and both VO2 and VO2max suggests that even in T2D patients the muscle oxidative capacity might increase in response to aerobic training.

Use of arterialized venous blood sampling during incremental exercise tests

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 937-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. McLoughlin ◽  
P. Popham ◽  
R. A. Linton ◽  
R. C. Bruce ◽  
D. M. Band
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Test ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Incremental Exercise Test ◽  
Arterial Ph ◽  
Incremental Testing

Close agreement between arterialized venous and arterial pH, PCO2, and lactate has previously been demonstrated during steady-state exercise. The purpose of the present study was to compare arterialized venous and arterial pH, PCO2, K+, lactate, pyruvate, and epinephrine during the constantly changing circumstances of an incremental exercise test. Eight normal subjects undertook an incremental exercise test (increasing by 20 W/min) to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer during which simultaneous arterial and arterialized venous samples were drawn over the last 20 s of each work load. Linear regression of arterialized venous on arterial values showed that r varied from 0.97 to 0.99 for the variables examined and, therefore, showed that accurate estimates of arterial values could be made from the arterialized venous results during incremental testing. For many purposes it could be assumed that arterialized venous values equaled arterial values without serious error.

scholarly journals Caffeine increases maximal fat oxidation during a graded exercise test: is there a diurnal variation?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Ramírez-Maldonado ◽  
Lucas Jurado-Fasoli ◽  
Juan del Coso ◽  
Jonatan R. Ruiz ◽  
Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Graded Exercise ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation

Abstract Background There is evidence that caffeine increases the maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO) and aerobic capacity, which are known to be lower in the morning than in the afternoon. This paper examines the effect of caffeine intake on the diurnal variation of MFO during a graded exercise test in active men. Methods Using a triple-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover experimental design, 15 active caffeine-naïve men (age: 32 ± 7 years) completed a graded exercise test four times at seven-day intervals. The subjects ingested 3 mg/kg of caffeine or a placebo at 8 am in the morning and 5 pm in the afternoon (each subject completed tests under all four conditions in a random order). A graded cycling test was performed. MFO and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) were measured by indirect calorimetry, and the intensity of exercise that elicited MFO (Fatmax) calculated. Results MFO, Fatmax and VO2max were significantly higher in the afternoon than in the morning (all P < 0.05). Compared to the placebo, caffeine increased mean MFO by 10.7% (0.28 ± 0.10 vs. 0.31 ± 0.09 g/min respectively, P < 0.001) in the morning, and by a mean 29.0% (0.31 ± 0.09 vs. 0.40 ± 0.10 g/min, P < 0.001) in the afternoon. Caffeine also increased mean Fatmax by 11.1% (36.9 ± 14.4 [placebo] vs. 41.0 ± 13.1%, P = 0.005) in the morning, and by 13.1% (42.0 ± 11.6 vs. 47.5 ± 10.8%, P = 0.008) in the afternoon. Conclusion These findings confirm the previously reported diurnal variation in the whole-body fat oxidation rate during graded exercise in active caffeine-naïve men, and indicate that the acute ingestion of 3 mg/kg of caffeine increases MFO, Fatmax and VO2max independent of the time of day. Trial registration NCT04320446. Registered 25 March 2020 - Retrospectively registered

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