scholarly journals Reduced Equations of Slope-Deflection Method in Structural Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Muhammed Abbas Husain ◽  
Zahraa Hameed Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Reduced Equations ◽  
Indeterminate Structures ◽  
Fixed End

Abstract This paper presents an update of the slope-deflection method, which is used in the analysis of statically indeterminate structures. In this study, new reduced equations are presented based on including both the effects of the member rotations and the fixed end moments in one term, rather than two terms, in order to simplify the application of the slope-deflection method. The reduced equations are developed, then three numerical examples with comprehensive cases of beams are solved by applying both the original and the proposed reduced equations. The analysis outputs indicated that the reduced equations are applicable for all cases that can be analyzed by the slope-deflection method, and give identical results compared with the original equations. It is found that the reduced equations require less computations when the structure has no support settlement, compared with the original equations, whereas the computations are approximately similar when the structure has a support settlement.

scholarly journals مبادئ التصميم الأمثلي للخزانات الخرسانية الأسطوانية المفتوحة

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
محمد غريب
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Strip Method ◽  
Support Conditions

The objective of this study is to find economic solutions for open cylindrical concrete tanks, in terms of different ratios of tank height, diameter and thickness, under several support conditions. The equivalent strip method was utilized in the structural analysis procedures. Several numerical examples were presented, in order to clarify different aspects of this study.

scholarly journals On Fault-Tolerant Partition Dimension of Homogeneous Caterpillar Graphs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kamran Azhar ◽  
Sohail Zafar ◽  
Agha Kashif
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Graph Theory ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Benzenoid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Partition Dimension ◽  
Hydrocarbon Molecules ◽  
Uv Absorption Spectrum

Metric-related parameters in graph theory have several applications in robotics, navigation, and chemical strata. An important such parameter is the partition dimension of graphs that plays an important role in engineering, computer science, and chemistry. In the context of chemical and pharmaceutical engineering, these parameters are used for unique representation of chemical compounds and their structural analysis. The structure of benzenoid hydrocarbon molecules is represented in the form of caterpillar trees and studied for various attributes including UV absorption spectrum, molecular susceptibility, anisotropy, and heat of atomization. Several classes of trees have been studied for partition dimension; however, in this regard, the advanced variant, the fault-tolerant partition dimension, remains to be explored. In this paper, we computed fault-tolerant partition dimension for homogeneous caterpillars C p ; 1 , C p ; 2 , and C p ; 3 for p ≥ 5 , p ≥ 3 , and p ≥ 4 , respectively, and it is found to be constant. Further numerical examples and an application are furnished to elaborate the accuracy and significance of the work.

The Use of Vibration for Material Handling

1974 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Paz ◽  
J. M. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Basic Design ◽  
Structural Vibrations ◽  
General Survey ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Stiffness Method

In this paper a general survey of material handling by vibrating equipment is presented with a discussion on applications and basic design considerations. Attention is given to the need of designing vibrating equipment properly in order not to produce unacceptable environmental pollution in the form of noise and structural vibrations. It is also shown in this paper that the stiffness method of structural analysis may be applied effectively in the design and analysis of vibrating conveyors to give accurately the motion and the forces along a vibrating conveyor. The effect of the vibrating material is considered in the analysis as mass effect and equivalent frictional factors. Experiments conducted for the determination of these factors are reported. Also, a computer program outline for the analysis of vibrating conveyors under load is presented and numerical examples are given to illustrate the method.

Optimal design of cyclically symmetric trusses with frequency constraints using cyclical parthenogenesis algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 739-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kaveh ◽  
A Zolghadr
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Heuristic Method ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Weight Optimization ◽  
Block Diagonalization ◽  
Cyclical Parthenogenesis ◽  
Frequency Constraints ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Optimization Task

Special kinds of structures exhibit repetitive patterns that can be used in the process of structural analysis in order to decrease the required computational time. This is especially helpful when a structure should be analyzed numerous times as in the structural optimization problems. In this article, weight optimization of cyclically symmetric spatial trusses subjected to frequency constraints is performed utilizing such repetitive patterns. Large initial eigenproblems are first decomposed into smaller and less time-consuming problems using an efficient block diagonalization technique. A recently developed meta-heuristic method, cyclical parthenogenesis algorithm, is then utilized to perform the optimization task. Three numerical examples are optimized to illustrate the viability and efficiency of the proposed method.

Analysis of Flexibly Connected Steel Frames

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. John Frye ◽  
Glenn A. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
Stiffness Matrix ◽  
Steel Frames ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
Steel Framing ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Pinned Connections ◽  
Fixed End

A procedure is presented for analyzing steel frames with any combination of pinned connections, fixed connections, connections with any specified flexibility characteristics, or any of seven commonly used connection types. A method is outlined for expressing, in a nondimensional form, the moment–rotation characteristics for all connections of a given type. The dimensionless relationships are listed for the commonly used structural steel framing connection types. The incorporation of connection deformations into a linear structural analysis, by modifying the stiffness matrix and fixed-end-force vectors for each member, is demonstrated.An iterative nonlinear analysis procedure is described in which repeated modifications are made to assumed flexibility characteristics for all connections in a structure. When a suitable set of connection flexibility characteristics has been arrived at, a single analysis is performed to determine the correct structural deflections and internal forces.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON THE APPROXIMATE METHODS VS EXACT METHODS OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yasin Bhat ◽  
Er. S. Tahir Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Approximate Analysis ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Exact Methods ◽  
Equilibrium Conditions ◽  
Approximate Methods ◽  
Indeterminate Structures ◽  
Alternative Designs

The analysis of statically indeterminate structures, using the force and displacement methods, are considered as exact, as in such an analysis, the conformity and equilibrium conditions of the structure are satisfied exactly. However, the results of such a particular analysis represent the particular structural response only to the purpose up to which the model of the structure represents the particular structure. These methods are often reliably used, given as accurate as possible analytical model of the structure is employed within the analysis. But due to the difficulties related to exact analysis like time consuming computations of deflections and finding solutions of multiple equations, further complicated by the relative sizes of the members of the structure, the preliminary designs of indeterminate structures are often supported by the results of approximate analysis. Approximate analysis becomes very convenient to use within the planning phase of projects, when various alternative designs of the structure are considered and compared with reference to economic aspects. This text aims to match the results from the 2 methods obtained with numerical analysis on a frame structure. The approximate methods are expected to yield results within 25% of the precise solutions.

A Non-Probabilistic Measure of Structural Reliability Based on Convex Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 912-914 ◽  
pp. 1103-1107
Author(s):  
Xin Zhou Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Computational Procedure ◽  
Reliability Model ◽  
Convex Model ◽  
Probabilistic Measure ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Analysis And Design

The problem of the non-probabilistic reliability is investigated in this paper, in which the convex model is used to deal with uncertainties in structural analysis and design. The limitation on the current non-probabilistic reliability is discussed. Then a novel non-probabilistic reliability model is proposed, and its computational procedure is given. Two numerical examples are conducted to illustrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed non-probabilistic reliability model.

Analysis of frames with non-prismatic members

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giray Ozay ◽  
Ahmet Topcu
Keyword(s):  
Stiffness Matrix ◽  
Beam Theory ◽  
Shear Deformations ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Integration Techniques ◽  
Fixed End ◽  
External Loads ◽  
High Depth

This paper presents a more realistic and comprehensive static analysis technique for structures having non-prismatic members. In the proposed method a general stiffness matrix for non-prismatic members that is applicable to Timoshenko beam theory has been derived. The stiffness coefficients have been determined for constant, linear, and parabolic height variations of members, employing analytical and (or) numerical integration techniques. Uniform, triangular, and trapezoidal distributed loads over the entire member or along any part of it, concentrated loads, moments at points on the member, and any of these load combinations are taken into consideration to determine the fixed-end forces. A computer program has been coded in Fortran which analyses two-dimensional frames using the proposed stiffness matrix and fixed-end forces for a wide range of external loads. The fixed-end forces may include the effect of shear deformations. The importance of the shear deformations in non-prismatic members with high depth-to-span ratios is shown using numerical examples. The accuracy of the proposed analysis technique is verified by comparing the results of the numerical examples with those obtained from the general analysis program SAP90 using a large number of subelements. Key words: computer programs, fixed-end forces, loads (forces), non-prismatic (tapered), shear deformations, stiffness, structural analysis.

Structural analysis of the surface-layer protein of spirillum serpens by high-resolution electron microscopy

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 738-739
Author(s):  
W. H. Wu ◽  
R. M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Diffraction ◽  
Surface Layer Protein ◽  
Morphological Unit ◽  
Resolution Electron

Spirillum serpens possesses a surface layer protein which exhibits a regular hexagonal packing of the morphological subunits. A morphological model of the structure of the protein has been proposed at a resolution of about 25 Å, in which the morphological unit might be described as having the appearance of a flared-out, hollow cylinder with six ÅspokesÅ at the flared end. In order to understand the detailed association of the macromolecules, it is necessary to do a high resolution structural analysis. Large, single layered arrays of the surface layer protein have been obtained for this purpose by means of extensive heating in high CaCl2, a procedure derived from that of Buckmire and Murray. Low dose, low temperature electron microscopy has been applied to the large arrays.As a first step, the samples were negatively stained with neutralized phosphotungstic acid, and the specimens were imaged at 40,000 magnification by use of a high resolution cold stage on a JE0L 100B. Low dose images were recorded with exposures of 7-9 electrons/Å2. The micrographs obtained (Fig. 1) were examined by use of optical diffraction (Fig. 2) to tell what areas were especially well ordered.

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