scholarly journals Saliva diagnostic utility in patients with type 2 diabetes: Future standard method

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Mrag ◽  
Asma Kassab ◽  
Asma Omezzine ◽  
Raoua Belkacem Chebil ◽  
Fatma Ben Fredj Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Oral Exam ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Significant Difference

Summary Background The purpose of the present study was to assess saliva reliability in diagnosis and monitoring type 2 diabetes instead of blood. Methods Blood and unstimulated whole saliva were collected from 300 type 2 diabetic subjects and 300 healthy controls in fasting. Then, the salivary flow rate was calculated. All parameters including glucose, urea, amylase, total protein, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), immunoglobulin A (IgA), potassium, calcium and chloride were assessed in the supernatant, using an autoanalyzer. Oral exam was conducted by a single examiner on full mouth excluding third molars. Statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS 20.0 version. Results Saliva screening showed that glucose, urea, amylase, total protein, potassium, calcium and chloride were significantly higher in patients compared to controls (p < 0.05). Whereas, the IgA level and salivary flow rate were significantly reduced in patients (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in albumin and CRP levels (p = 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between salivary and plasma glucose levels (r = 0.887, and r = 0.900, p < 0.001), as well as, salivary and blood urea (r = 0.586, and r = 0.688, p < 0.001) in patients and controls, respectively. Conclusions From this study, saliva could be suggested as a useful diagnostic tool for type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals The prevalence of hyposalivation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Endocrinology Department, Internal Medicine Sub Department of RSUP Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marini Sundari ◽  
Tenny Setiani Dewi ◽  
Nanny Natalia
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Patient ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Whole Saliva

Introduction: The salivary flow rate reduces Hyposalivation. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patient with hyposalivation have a high risk of various oral complications if untreated adequately. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of hyposalivation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient at RSUP Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Methods: This study was a descriptive observational with a cross-sectional approach and consecutive sampling method to 30 samples. The study was performed with objective assessment through measuring the unstimulated salivary flow of the whole saliva using spitting method for 5 minutes. Results: The result of this study shows that the prevalence of hyposalivation on type 2 diabetes mellitus patient is 10%. The mean of salivary flow rate sample with hyposalivation is 0,07 mL/minute. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study shows a low prevalence of hyposalivation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at RSUP Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung in October 2011.

Effects of Oral Health Care on Salivary Flow Rate in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruhisa Ibayashi ◽  
Tomohiro Nishiyama ◽  
Masayuki Tanaka ◽  
Truong-Minh Pham ◽  
Junko Yano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Before And After

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the authors' oral health care program on the stimulated whole salivary flow rate and buffer capacity before and after a 6-month intervention. The authors conducted the intervention study among 25 participants with diabetes. The salivary flow rate and buffer capacity were evaluated before and after this intervention. Overall, the results showed a significant increase in salivary flow rate and no significant change in buffer capacity. Also, it was likely that salivary flow rate significantly increased among patients with more than 20 remaining teeth and patients with well-controlled diabetes. The findings suggest that this program for type 2 diabetes led to an increase in the stimulated whole salivary flow rate.

scholarly journals Salivary flow rate and oral health status in type 2 diabetics

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Ana Cicmil ◽  
Olivera Govedarica ◽  
Jelena Lecic ◽  
Dragana Puhalo-Sladoje ◽  
Ruzica Lukic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction. Decreased salivary flow is frequently associated with numerous diseases such as diabetes mellitus and may lead to numerous oral diseases. The aim of this study was to compare salivary flow rate and oral health status in type 2 diabetics and healthy controls. Material and methods. The study involved 90 patients, divided into the three groups: 30 with well controlled (HbA1c<9%), 30 will poorly controlled (HbA1c?9%) diabetes and 30 healthy subjects. The following clinical parameters were determined: decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT); plaque index (PI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Culture of Candida spp. specimens were obtained from tongue dorsum and inoculated into Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Saliva was collected using ?a spit technique?. Results. Highest mean of unstimulated salivary flow was in healthy subjects; however significant difference between groups was not observed. Stimulated salivary flow results indicate significant reduction in diabetics as well as significant relation between metabolic control and salivary flow. Unstimulated and stimulated salivary flows were negatively and significantly correlated with periodontal parameters and DMFT. Conclusion. The present findings indicate that decreased salivary flow rate could have a significant impact on oral health status in type 2 diabetics.

Association Between Salivary Flow Rate and the Use of Systemic Medication Among 76-, 81-, and 86-year-old Inhabitants in Helsinki, Finland

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1875-1880 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.O. Narhi ◽  
J.H. Meurman ◽  
A. Ainamo ◽  
J.M. Nevalainen ◽  
K.G. Schmidt-Kaunisaho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Systemic Medication ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Saliva Flow

The aim of this study was to examine salivary flow rate and its association with the use of medication in a representative sample of 76-, 81-, and 86-year-old subjects, totaling 368. In this study, 23% (n = 80) of the subjects were unmedicated. From one to three daily medications were used by 47% (n = 168) and more than four medications by 30% (n = 104). The most commonly used medications were nitrates, digitalis or anti-arrhythmic drugs (47.7%), analgesics and antipyretics (32.6%), and diuretics (29.5%). The mean number used daily was significantly higher in 86-year-olds than in the two younger age groups (p < 0.01). No significant differences in this respect were found between genders. Among the unmedicated subjects, 76-year-olds had significantly higher stimulated salivary flow rates than did the 81-year-olds (p < 0.05). Unmedicated women showed significantly lower unstimulated (p < 0.01) and stimulated flow rates than did men (p < 0.05). Stimulated salivary flow rate was also significantly higher in the 76-year-old medicated subjects than in the medicated 86-year-old subjects (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in unstimulated salivary flow rates among the three age groups. Medicated women showed significantly lower unstimulated salivary flow rates than men (p < 0.001), although the difference in stimulated saliva flow was not significant. A statistically significant difference in unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates was found between unmedicated persons and those who took from four to six, or more than seven, prescribed medications daily.

Comparison of Whole Saliva Flow Rates and Mucin Concentrations in Healthy Caucasian Young and Aged Adults

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1275-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Navazesh ◽  
R.A. Mulligan ◽  
V. Kipnis ◽  
P.A. Denny ◽  
P.C. Denny
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Saliva Flow

Unstimulated and chewing-stimulated whole saliva samples were obtained from 42 healthy Caucasians; 21 were between 18 and 35 years of age, and 21 between 65 and 83 years of age. The unstimulated salivary flow rate was significantly lower in the aged group, but the stimulated flow rate was significantly higher in the aged than in the young group. Both groups showed significantly increased flow during salivary stimulation. MG1 and MG2 concentrations in unstimulated and stimulated saliva samples were significantly lower in the aged group. There were no significant correlations between salivary flow rates and MG1 and MG2 concentrations.

scholarly journals Analysis of the relationship between human cytomegalovirus DNA and gB-1 genotype in the saliva of HIV/AIDS patients with xerostomia and salivary flow rate

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Irna Sufiawati ◽  
S. Suniti ◽  
Revi Nelonda ◽  
Rudi Wisaksana ◽  
Agnes Rengga Rendati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection increases vulnerability to opportunistic viral infection, including Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, that has been detected in saliva. The HCMV envelope glycoprotein B (gB) is highly immunogenic and has been associated with HCMV-related diseases. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of HCMV and gB-1 genotype in the saliva of HIV/AIDS patients and to analyse their relationship with xerostomia and salivary flow rate (SFR). Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 34 HIV/AIDS patients. Saliva was tested for the presence of HCMV DNA using PCR microarrays, and nested PCR for gB-1 genotype detection. Xerostomia was measured using a Fox’s questionnaire. Unstimulated whole saliva flow rate was measured by means of the spitting method. Results: The composition of the research population consisting of 73.5% males and 26.5% females with HIV/AIDS. HCMV was found in 64.7% of HIV/AIDS patients, while gB-1 genotype was detected in 59.1%. Xerostomia was closely associated with the presence of HCMV in saliva (p<0.05), but not with gB-1. There was no significant relationship between xerostomia and SFR rates in the research subjects with HCMV positive saliva (p> 0.05). Conclusion: The presence of xerostomia-associated HCMV in saliva was elevated among HIV/AIDS patients. Further investigation is required to identify other gB genotypes that may be responsible for xerostomia and SFR changes in HIV/AIDS patients.

scholarly journals Pengaruh obat kumur beralkohol terhadap laju aliran saliva dan pH saliva

e-GIGI ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feiby Rawung ◽  
Jane Wuisan ◽  
Michael A. Leman
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
T Test ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Before And After

Abstract: Mouthwash is one of the accessible oral healthcare and practical for use by the community. Various commercial products contain more than one active ingredient; the most common one is alcohol with varied concentrations from 6% to 26%. Mouthwash with high concentration of alcohol can cause some effects to some users, like burning and dry sensation of the oral mucosa. Dry oral mucosa caused by reduced saliva production will be more susceptible to irritation. Reduced amount of saliva also causes lower oral pH which leads to increased growth of cariogenic bacteria. This study was aimed to investigate the influence of alcoholic mouthwash to salivary flow and salivary pH. This was a quasi-experiment study with before and after treatment groups. The population study was students of Dental Medical Education Program of Medical Faculty of University of Sam Ratulangi, Manado, batch 2012, with a total of 30 respondents obtained by using purposive sampling method. The T test showed that salivary flow rate before and after treatment had no significant difference (p >0.05) based on T test. Moreover, the Wilcoxon test showed that there was no significant difference of salivary pH between before and after treatment (p >0.05). Conclusion: There was no effect of rinsing with alcoholic mouthwash on salivary flow and salivary pH.Keywords: alcoholic mouthwash, salivary flow rate, salivary pH Abstrak: Obat kumur merupakan salah satu produk perawatan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang mudah diperoleh dan praktis digunakan sendiri oleh masyarakat. Berbagai produk komersial mengandung lebih dari satu bahan aktif; salah satunya yaitu alkohol dengan konsentrasi bervariasi dari 6% hingga 26,9%. Kandungan alkohol yang tinggi dapat menimbulkan efek bagi sebagian pengguna, seperti sensasi terbakar dan kering di area mukosa mulut disebabkan berkurangnya saliva yang memudahkan terjadinya iritasi. Berkurangnya saliva juga menyebabkan pH mulut rendah sehingga pertumbuhan bakteri kariogenik meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh obat kumur beralkohol terhadap laju aliran saliva dan pH saliva. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimen semu dengan kelompok sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Populasi penelitian yaitu mahasiswa Angkatan Tahun 2012 Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado yang berjumlah 30 responden, diperoleh dengan purposive sampling. Hasil uji T berpasangan mennunjukkan data laju aliran saliva sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan tidak memiliki perbedaan bermakna (p >0,05). Berdasarkan uji Wilcoxon, data pH saliva sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan tidak memiliki perbedaan bermakna (p >0,05). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat pengaruh berkumur dengan obat kumur beralkohol terhadap laju aliran saliva dan pH saliva.Kata kunci: obat kumur beralkohol, laju aliran saliva, pH saliva

scholarly journals Variations of salivary flow rates in Brazilian school children

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Regina Torres ◽  
Marcio Nucci ◽  
Estevão Milanos ◽  
Renata Pessoa Pereira ◽  
Alessandra Massaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
School Children ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Whole Saliva

The salivary flow rate (SFR) in healthy individuals may vary according to different factors. There is a scarcity of studies from different geographical areas that analyze SFR variations in children. The aim of this study was to verify stimulated salivary flow rate (SFR) variations in 6 to 12-year-old children, from four different public schools of Rio de Janeiro and correlate these data to gender, age, type of dentition, and health status. Clinical data were taken from the children's medical records that were kept at those schools. Oral examination and sialometry were performed in every child. Salivary flow rate was obtained by chewing-stimulated whole saliva under standard conditions. There were significant differences in SFR according to age (p = 0.0003). Six and 12-year-old children showed the lowest SFR, and when they were excluded from the analysis, no significant differences were found (p = 0.21). There were also significant differences in SFR among children from different public schools (p = 0.0009). The gender did not show any correlation to SFR, even when children were stratified by age (p = 0.36). Correlation between SFR and deciduous, mixed or permanent dentition was not found as well. These results show that the analyzed clinical variables did not seem to influence SFR in this children population.

scholarly journals Differences in the salivary inorganic ions levels and salivary flow rate of the periodontitis and non-periodontitis patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizki Amalina ◽  
Mahdalena Mahdalena ◽  
Grahita Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Plaque Deposition ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Saliva Flow

Introduction: Saliva contains numerous proteins and electrolytes that may serve as biomarkers of pathological conditions, including periodontitis. Saliva flow also influenced by pathological conditions, such as periodontitis. Therefore, saliva analysis, as one of the biomarker source needs to be examined. This study was aimed to analyse the differences salivary inorganic ions levels (calcium, phosphate, and bicarbonate) and salivary flow rate in periodontitis and non-periodontitis patients. Methods: This research was analytic-observational using two groups, the healthy periodontal group consisting of 21 people (PI scores between 0-0.2) and the periodontitis group consisting of 21 people (PI scores between 0.7-8.0). Unstimulated saliva was collected using a passive drolling method. The calcium, phosphate and bicarbonate levels in the saliva were analysed using UV/Vis spectrophotometers. Results: Calcium, phosphate and bicarbonate levels in saliva were different between groups. Salivary flow rate also different between groups. There was a significant difference (p = 0.00) in the calcium, phosphate and bicarbonate levels between groups (t-test), and also significantly different (p = 0.000) salivary flow rate between groups. The higher the salivary flow rate, the higher the levels of calcium, phosphate and bicarbonate would be. Conclusion: Periodontitis condition increases the level of salivary inorganic ions and salivary flow rate because of periodontal inflammation. This inflammation mainly because of plaque deposition and calculus. Increased level of inorganic ions in the saliva such as calcium, phosphate, and bicarbonate, and also the salivary flow rate indicates the existence of a periodontal disease.

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