scholarly journals Asbestos manufacturing plants in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Wilk ◽  
Małgorzata Krówczyńska ◽  
Bogdan Zagajewski
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Manufacturing Plants ◽  
Composition Materials ◽  
Current Survey ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract The unique set of physical and chemical properties of asbestos has led to its many industrial applications, such as roof coverings, textiles, rope, cord and yarn, paper, friction and composition materials, household product, acid-resistant filters, packing, insulation, and certain types of lagging, amongst others. In Poland asbestos-containing products were manufactured from raw materials imported mainly from the former Soviet Union, with production launched at the beginning of 20th century. According to Annex 4 to the Act of 19 June 1997 on the prohibition of the use of asbestos-containing products, there were 28 asbestos manufacturing plants in Poland located in 11 provinces throughout the country. The current survey was undertaken to enable asbestos manufacturing plants to be arranged, described and divided in order to contribute to further surveys.

Diesel Biofuels - Preparation, Characterization and Testing

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Dusescu ◽  
Anca Borcea ◽  
Vasile Matei ◽  
Ion Popa ◽  
Irina Gabriela Radulescu
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Production Unit ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The present paper studies biodiesel samples preparation by transesterification and compares their physical and chemical properties (biofuels prepared from different raw materials - vegetable oils: sunflower oil, crocus oil and soya bean oil) and the biodegradability degree, as well as the possibilities of the integration of such production unit in industrial diagram of auto fuels production.

scholarly journals Study of the Incorporation of Biomass Bottom Ash as a Filler for Discontinuous Grading Bituminous Mixtures with Bitumen Emulsion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3334
Author(s):  
Jorge Suárez-Macías ◽  
Juan María Terrones-Saeta ◽  
Francisco Javier Iglesias-Godino ◽  
Francisco Antonio Corpas-Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Bitumen Emulsion ◽  
Main Disadvantage ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Energy consumption, because of population development, is progressively increasing. For this reason, new sources of energy are being developed, such as that produced from the combustion of biomass. However, this type of renewable energy has one main disadvantage, the production of waste. Biomass bottom ash is a residue of this industry that currently has not much use. For this reason, this research evaluates its use as a filler in bituminous mixtures, since this sector also has a significant impact on the environment, as it requires large quantities of raw materials. With this objective, first, the physical and chemical properties of biomass bottom ashes were evaluated, verifying their characteristics for their use as filler. Subsequently, bituminous mixtures were conformed with biomass bottom ash as filler, and their physical and mechanical properties were analyzed through particle loss and Marshall tests. The results of these tests were compared with those obtained with the same type of mixture but with conventional and ophite aggregates. This study confirmed that biomass bottom ash was viable for use as a filler, creating mixtures with a higher percentage of bitumen, better mechanical behavior, and similar physical properties. In short, more sustainable material for roads was obtained with waste currently condemned to landfill.

scholarly journals Investigation of Microbial Contamination and Physicochemical Properties of Compounded Medications in Pharmacies

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Reihaneh Radmanesh ◽  
◽  
Mohsen Nabi Meybodi ◽  
Vahid Ramezani ◽  
Maryam Akrami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Made In ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Aims: Any pharmaceutical product made in pharmacy, hospital or factory may be contaminated with microbes. This contamination can originate from raw materials or during production. Hence, it is important to study the physical and chemical properties and stability of compounded drugs. Methods & Materials: In this study, first a specific sample of prescribed medication was ordered from 63 pharmacies in Yazd, Iran. After collecting the samples, the amount of microbial contamination, viscosity and particle size distribution and their stability were investigated and their results were compared to the standard levels. Findings: Based on the results, 31.7% of the samples had discoloration and 23.8% showed creaming phenomenon. In terms of particle size distribution, 57.1% of the samples had a 20-40 μm particle size and 49.2% had a viscosity equal to 2500-3000 centipoise. Regarding stability, 12.6% of the samples underwnet phase change at 30-40°C. About of the amount of hydroquinone in samples, 35% had acceptable amount. In 23.8% of the samples, fungal infection was observed. Conclusion: Contrary to a popular belief that the compounded medicines produced in pharmacies have microbial contamination, the results of this study showed that the microbial contamination of these compounded medications is low.

scholarly journals Influence of temperature regimes of ripening and fermentation stages on the physical and chemical properties of cream and sour-cream butter quality indicators

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. O. Bondarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Sour Cream ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Physical and chemical properties of cream multistep modes of ripening and fermentations are investigation and their role in the production of sour-cream butter is studied. The process of ripening of cream was carried out multistep, regimes were selected depending on seasonal changes in the composition of milk fat. For raw materials of the autumn-winter period, for the values of iodine number 29.1–34.5, the first stage of ripening was carried out at a temperature of 8°C for 2 hours, the second stage – at 21°C for 7 hours, the third stage – at 13°C for 10 hours. For raw of spring-summer period, for the values of iodine number 34.5–40.1, the first stage of ripening was carried out at 21°C for 6 hours, the second stage – at 13°C for 4 hours, the third stage – at 8°C for 8 hours. It has been established that individual modes of low-temperature cream preparation, taking into account seasonal changes in the composition of milk fat, make it possible to obtain cream before churning almost with the same indexes of effective viscosity. The content of the crystalline phase of milk fat under both temperature regimes was 38.7–40.1%, which is sufficient to obtain of proper consistency sour-cream butter. The content of diacetyl and volatile organic acids more depend on the level of fermentation of cream than on the technological regimes of ripening and seasonality of raw materials. It has been proved that an increase in the fermentation degree of cream promotes an increase in the acidity of plasma and the content of aroma-producing components in the butter, and, accordingly, affects the degree of the sour taste. It is recommended for the production of cultured butter to begin the cream when the acidity of the plasma reaches 60ºT, which ensures the formation of high sensorial characteristic of the finished product.

Vegetable oils – raw materials for producing biodiesel

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
T. Mamilov ◽  
◽  
G.S. Aitkaliyeva ◽  
A.B. Ismailova ◽  
M.A. Yelubay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Sunflower Oils ◽  
Transesterification Method ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This paper presents the results of a study of the physical and chemical properties of samples of vegetable oils (sunflower, rapeseed, olive). It has been shown that the viscosity of oils varies from 41.4 to 61.7 cSt at a temperature of 40 ° C for olive and sunflower oils, respectively. The acid numbers of the oil samples were also determined, it was found that the lowest indicator is characteristic of sunflower oil. Pour points of oils also range from -3 to -16 ° C for olive and sunflower oils, respectively. Using the method of IR spectroscopy, functional groups in the composition of samples of vegetable oils were studied and it was shown that the composition of oils contains carbonyl and hydroxyl functional groups, indicating the presence of carboxylic acids. Based on studies of the physical and chemical properties of vegetable oils, it was found that sunflower, olive and rapeseed oils can serve as raw materials for the synthesis of biofuels based on them, since they contain free fatty acids. To obtain biodiesel fuel based on vegetable oils, it is planned to use the transesterification method in the presence of various catalysts (alkaline, acidic, and complex).

Effects of Preparation of Cement Raw Meal with Carbide Slag on the Environment and Equipments

2014 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Li Wang ◽  
Su Ping Cui ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Shi Jie Dong ◽  
Yan Yao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Calcination Process ◽  
Carbide Slag ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Based on the physical and chemical properties of carbide slag, the contents of heavy metals in effluent came from carbide slag drying process were studied, and then the composition of exhaust gas emitted from the carbide slag drying process and calcinations process of raw materials prepared with carbide slag was detected, in order to know whether there are harmful or corrosive gases released and the effect of the emissions on the environment and related equipments. The results indicate that the exhaust gases emitted from the calcination process of raw meal prepared with carbide slag is mainly composed of CO2 and water vapor, and is free from harmful gases. However, a lot of water in carbide slag during the pre-heat and decomposition process under high temperature would accelerate the corrosion of equipments. Simultaneously, a small number of heavy metal ions contained in the carbide slag can cause environmental pollution and sulfides would be adverse to the cement calcination process resulting in the crust blockage of kiln.

The Comparative Analysis of Lime Burst between Sintered Shale Brick and Light-Weight Sintered Brick

2012 ◽  
Vol 450-451 ◽  
pp. 683-687
Author(s):  
Bang Biao Huang ◽  
Jia Hua Jing ◽  
Ji Zhen Zhu ◽  
Cai Xia Chen ◽  
Shan Luo
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Research Production ◽  
Wall Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The sintered shale brick and light-weight sintered shale brick are both of brittle wall materials. The mechanical and other properties will be affected greatly by tensile force producing the lime burst. Through analysis of physical and chemical properties of raw materials, the reason of lime burst, and the comparative experiments of lime burst, studied on similarities and differences between the two wall materials, providing important technical parameters for the follow-up research, production and construction in the feature.

scholarly journals Characterizations and Application of Supported Ionic Liquid [bmim][CF3SO3]/SiO2 in CO2 Capture

2017 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
pp. 485-490
Author(s):  
Tengku Sharifah Marliza ◽  
Mohd Ambar Yarmo ◽  
Azizul Hakim ◽  
Maratun Najiha Abu Tahari ◽  
Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Supported Ionic Liquid ◽  
Adsorption Of Co ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Supported ionic liquid (IL) [bmim][CF3SO3] on SiO2 was prepared, characterized and its potential evaluated for CO2 capture via adsorption and desorption studies using gas adsorption analyzer. The physical and chemical properties were determined using N2 adsorption/desorption and CO2-TPD analysis. The increasing IL loading caused a drastic decrease in the surface area as well as pore volume due to the confinement of IL within the micropore and mesopore area. However, the increasing IL loading increased the basicity of the sorbent which significantly enhanced CO2 chemisorption. Supported [bmim][CF3SO3] on SiO2 revealed the physical and chemical adsorption of CO2 and resulted in a remarkable CO2 adsorption capacity at atmospheric pressure and room temperature (66.7 mg CO2/gadsorbent) which has great potential in industrial applications.

Effects of Waste from HDPE Catalyst Process on Melting Behaviour and Thermal Properties of White Opaque Glazes

2014 ◽  
Vol 608 ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suneeporn Pokaew ◽  
Wantanee Buggakupta ◽  
Thanakorn Wasanapiarnpong
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Linear Thermal Expansion ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Melting Behaviour ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Polyolefin catalyst wastes have been rising with growing high density polyethylene (HDPE) demand. Utilizing on recycling such waste residue has then become a challenging task to achieve. Due to its relatively fine particles, iron oxide-free and consistent composition, the waste can possibly be another alternative for ceramic glaze raw materials. This study observed the replacement of the waste to the conventional glaze raw materials. The residue mainly contains TiO2 along with CaO, Al2O3 and a small amount of chloride. Physical and chemical properties of the waste were characterized. The roles of the waste on melting behaviour and appearance were observed. Colour of the introduced waste-containing glaze was determined by a spectrophotometer. Finally, coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the obtained glazes was done by a dilatometer. Characteristics of the waste-bearing white opaque glazes were reported and discussed.

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