Correlations between cholesterol content, fatty acid composition and health lipid indices in fat of chosen tissues and organs of finishing pigs

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Grela ◽  
E. Hanczakowska ◽  
E. Kowalczuk-Vasilev
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Total Pufa

Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate fatty acid composition, health related lipid indices (atherogenic-AI and thrombogenic-IT indices, h/H ratio) and the correlation between these traits and cholesterol content in various tissues of fatteners. The experiment involved 60 crossbred pigs (PL × PLW) × Duroc. The animals were slaughtered at 115 ± 2.0 kg body weight. The tissue samples (backfat, m. longissimus, liver, heart) were collected to analyze fatty acid profile and cholesterol content. The highest PUFA level was determined in the fat of the heart and liver. Weak to moderate correlations were observed between cholesterol content and most of the studied indices of fatty acid profile of the analyzed tissues. Importantly, the most significant correlations were established between the examined traits in the heart fat. Generally, irrespective of tissue type, the cholesterol level was negatively correlated with total PUFA, n-3 and n-6 FA content and h/H ratio.

scholarly journals Effect of Only Pasture on Fatty Acid Composition of Cow Milk and Ciminà Caciocavallo Cheese

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Scerra ◽  
Luigi Chies ◽  
Pasquale Caparra ◽  
Caterina Cilione ◽  
Francesco Foti
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Group I ◽  
Traditional Cheese ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Total Pufa

To investigate the effect of only pasture or hay and concentrate feedings on milk and cheese fatty acid composition, 20 lactating Italian Red Pied cows were randomly allocated into two groups. Group E was grazed without integration; Group I was fed with hay <em>ad libitum</em> and concentrate mixture. A traditional cheese-making technique was used to make Caciocavallo cheese. Milk from only pasture fed cows showed higher percentages of total PUFA, C18:3 n-3, cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid and trans-11 C18:1, and a reduced percentage of C16:0 and C18:2 n-6, in some cases more markedly than extensive systems that provide integrations. The fatty acid profile of cheeses largely reflected that of the corresponding raw milk from which cheeses were made. In conclusion, the fatty acid profile of milk and cheese obtained from extensive system confirms the health benefits of dairy products from cows reared at pasture.

scholarly journals Effect of including different levels of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf meal in the diet of finishing pigs: Performance, pork quality, fatty acid composition, and amino acid profile

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Bingwen Si ◽  
Yan Tu ◽  
Kai Cui ◽  
Chaolong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Leaf Meal

A total of 144 cross-bred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) finishing pigs with a similar initial weight (65.4 ± 1.03 kg) were used to investigate the effect of moringa leaf meal on growth performance, meat quality, fatty acid composition, and amino acid profile. The moringa leaf meal-inclusion rates were 0% (M0 or control), 3% (M3), 6% (M6) and 9% (M9). The results showed that supplementing moringa leaf meal significantly increased the daily weight gain of finishing pigs, but had a minor impact on pork quality indicators and the amino acid profile in the Longissimus dorsi. The fatty acid profile in the Longissimus dorsi was significantly modified when pigs were fed moringa leaf meal diets. The relative percentage of total unsaturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid was higher in the meat of pigs fed a 6% moringa leaf meal diet than in the meat of those receiving the control diet. In contrast, the percentage of total saturated fatty acids was lower in the meat of pigs fed the moringa leaf meal diets. Moreover, the omega-6/omega-3 ratio decreased with moringa leaf meal supplementation. Addition of the moringa supplement into the diet of pigs improved growth performance and modified pork fatty acid profile positively. The results suggest that moringa leaf meal could be used as a diet supplement for producing healthier pork.

Cholesterol content and fatty acid composition of rhea meat

Meat Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Sales ◽  
J.L Navarro ◽  
M.B Martella ◽  
M.E Lizurume ◽  
A Manero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Cholesterol Content

scholarly journals Effects of dietary n -6: n -3 PUFA ratio on the growth performance, serum lipid and adipokine profiles, tissue fatty acid composition and gene expression of lipid metabolism of finishing pigs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Chen ◽  
Jiantao Li ◽  
Xianjun Liu ◽  
Hongze Cui ◽  
Liyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Pufa Ratio ◽  
Tissue Fatty Acid Composition

Abstract Background The health benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), such as cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and hypo-triglyceridemic properties, have been well documented. However, current dietary modification can easily lead to excessive concentrations of n-6 PUFA and an imbalance in the n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio, resulting in the pathogenesis of obesity and related diseases. This study investigated the effects of various dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios on the growth performance, blood lipid and cytokine profiles, tissue fatty acid composition, and gene expression involved in lipid metabolism in finishing pigs. Seventy-two crossbred [(Duroc × Landrace) × Yorkshire] finishing pigs (68.5 ± 1·8 kg) were fed one of four isoenergetic diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 2:1, 3:1, 5:1 and 8:1. Results Pigs fed diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 3:1 and 5:1 had a higher average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) (P < 0.05) and a lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05). The concentrations of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) of pigs fed diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 1:1 to 5:1 decreased (P < 0·05), whereas the ratio of concentrations of high-density to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C:LDL-C) in pigs fed a diet with an n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 2:1 increased (P < 0·05) compared with those fed a diet with an n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 8:1. Pigs fed a diet with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 2:1 and 3:1 had lower concentrations of leptin (LEP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) (P < 0·05), and higher concentrations of adiponectin (APN) (P < 0·05) than those fed diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 5:1 and 8:1. Diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 2:1 and 3:1 markedly down-regulated the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in both the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT), but up-regulated the expression level of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (aP2) in the LM. The expression levels of aP2 and hormone- sensitive lipase were similar to those of PPARγ in the SCAT. Conclusions This study demonstrated that dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios between 3:1 and 5:1 beneficially affected growth performance, optimize blood lipid and adipocytokine levels, enhanced absorption and deposition of n-3 PUFA and regulated lipid metabolism-related genes.

Surfactant dysfunction in diabetic offspring: inhibitors and fatty acid lecithin content

1983 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1097-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Sosenko ◽  
J. Werthammer ◽  
M. D. Cunningham ◽  
I. D. Frantz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits ◽  
And Control

We have previously demonstrated that the lungs of fetuses of alloxan-diabetic rabbits are functionally immature when compared with controls. In this study we have examined pulmonary lavage fluid from fetuses of diabetic and control does for the presence of a surfactant inhibitor, cholesterol content, and phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) fatty acid content. When lavage fluids from fetuses of control and diabetic does were mixed and examined on the surface balance, the measured surfactant content corresponded to the arithmetic average of the surfactant content of the individual fluids, thus ruling out the presence of an excess of a surfactant inhibitor. We were able to demonstrate inhibition of surfactant function when exogenous cholesterol was added to lavage samples, but cholesterol content of lavage fluid from fetuses of diabetic and control does was not significantly different. Finally, the fatty acid composition of surfactant phosphatidylcholine was not different between the two groups. These studies indicate that mechanisms other than the presence of a surfactant inhibitor or altered fatty acid composition must explain the functional immaturity seen in offspring of the diabetic pregnancy.

Fatty acid profile of skeletal muscle phospholipids in trained and untrained young men

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (4) ◽  
pp. E744-E751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agneta Andersson ◽  
Anders Sjödin ◽  
Anu Hedman ◽  
Roger Olsson ◽  
Bengt Vessby
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Trained Group ◽  
Type Distribution ◽  
Fiber Type Distribution

Endurance trained ( n = 14) and untrained young men ( n = 15) were compared regarding the fatty acid profile of the vastus lateralis muscle after 8 wk on diets with a similar fatty acid composition. The skeletal muscle phospholipids in the trained group contained lower proportions of palmitic acid (16:0) (−12.4%, P < 0.001) and di-homo-γ-linolenic acid [20:3(n-6)] (−15.3%, P = 0.018), a lower n-6-to-n-3 ratio (−42.0%, P = 0.015), higher proportions of stearic acid (18:0) (+9.8%, P = 0.004) and sum of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (+33.8%, P = 0.009), and a higher ratio between 20:4(n-6) to 20:3(n-6) (+18.4%, P = 0.006) compared with those in the untrained group. The group differences in 16:0, 20:3(n-6), 18:0/16:0, and 20:4(n-6)/20:3(n-6) were independent of fiber-type distribution. The trained group also showed a lower proportion of 16:0 (−7.9%, P < 0.001) in skeletal muscle triglycerides irrespective of fiber type. In conclusion, the fatty acid profile of the skeletal muscle differed between trained and untrained individuals, although the dietary fatty acid composition was similar. This difference was not explained by different fiber-type distribution alone but appears to be a direct consequence of changes in fatty acid metabolism due to the higher level of physical activity.

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