scholarly journals Clinical Characterisation of Rota Virus Infection Associated with Most Commonly Circulating Genotypes in Children Hospitalised in Children’s University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study in Latvia

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
Gunta Laizāne ◽  
Anda Ķīvīte ◽  
Ilze Grope ◽  
Liene Smane ◽  
Edvīns Miklaševics ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Routine Immunisation

Abstract In developed and developing countries, most cases of acute gastroenteritis in children are caused by viruses, and rotaviruses are known as the leading cause. The aim of our study was to estimate the main circulating serotypes of rotavirus before the introduction of routine immunisation in Latvia, and to search for their possible correlation with clinical symptoms and circulating genotypes. A cross-sectional study was carried out among children who had been hospitalised in the Children’s Clinical University Hospital from April 2013 to December 2015. Genotyping was done for 462 stool samples. Among G/P combinations, the most predominant genotypes were G4P[8] (61.3%), G9P[8] (12.4%) and G2P[4] (10.0%) in children of age < 5 years, G4P[8] (45.5%), G2P[4] (18.2%), G9P[8], G3P[8], and G1P[8] (9.1%) in children of age > 5 years. There was a statistically significant correlation (p < 0.05) between clinical signs (vomiting, dehydration, chronic diseases) and G1P[8] and G8P[8] genotypes. Infants infected with genotype G4P[4] had a statistically significant negative correlation with severity of acute gastroenteritis episodes (p < 0.05). We detected nine different rotavirus G genotypes, and two different P genotypes. G4P[8], G9P[8], and G2P[8] were predominant. We observed correlation between the dominant genotypes and clinical manifestations of rotavirus infection.

RESEARCH ON CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND AEROBIC BACTERIA OF QUINSY IN HUE CENTRAL HOSPITAL AND HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

2012 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Kim Tri Truong ◽  
Tu The Nguyen ◽  
Lam Phuoc Vo
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bacteria Culture

Objectives: To identify the paraclinical and clinical mannifestations, aerobic bacteria and antibiogramme of quinsy. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted upon 37 patients with quinsy at Hue Central hospital and Hue University Hospital. Results: Clinical and paraclinical symtoms: odynophagy 100%, dysphagy 91.9%. Having treatment with antibiotics before hospitalization 67.6%. White blood cells >15.109/l (54.1%). Positive bacteria culture is 48.6% in which streptococcus α hemolytic 57.9%, staphylococcus aureus 10.5%, streptococcus pneumoniae 10.5%. Antibiogramme: Sensitization: Gentamycin 100%, vancomycin 100%, cefuroxim 100%, ciprofloxacin 80%.Resistance: Erythromycin 60%, ampicillin 41.7%, cefalexin 40%, tetracyclin 40%, ceftriaxon 30.8%.Consclusions: The priority of antibiotic prescription for quinsy should be based on the frequency of bacteria found in bacteria culture and depending on antibiogramme to choose appropriate antibiotics.

scholarly journals Potential Protection of Pre-Existent Antibodies to Human Coronavirus 229E on COVID-19 Severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9058
Author(s):  
Oscar Guzmán-Martínez ◽  
Kathia Guardado ◽  
Miguel Varela-Cardoso ◽  
Alejandro Trujillo-Rivera ◽  
Iván Gómez-Ñañez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Mild Form ◽  
Human Coronavirus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Human Coronavirus 229E ◽  
Multinomial Regression Analysis

The causes of the broad spectrum of severity in COVID-19 are unknown. A protective effect through humoral immunity from previous infections by viruses of the SARS-CoV-2 family could explain a mild form of this disease. This study aimed to address whether the presence of antibodies against human seasonal coronaviruses (HCoVs) could prevent severe manifestations of COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 165 participants. The presence of pre-existent antibodies against the seasonal HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-NL63 were detected. From all of the seasonal HCoVs studied, it was only found that being seropositive to HCoV-229E presented an association (p = 0.012) with developing mild clinical symptoms of COVID-19 or being asymptomatic. Multinomial regression analysis showed that being seropositive to HCoV-229E is associated with mild or moderate clinical symptoms for COVID-19. Statistical analysis also showed that being female is associated with being asymptomatic for SARS-CoV-2 infection or developing mild COVID-19. A subgroup analysis taking only seropositive to HCoV-229E revealed that females are more likely to develop asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 27.242, 95% CI 2.092–354.706, p = 0.012). Our results suggest that previous infections by HCoV-229E could prevent more serious clinical manifestations of COVID-19, but these are not the only variables that influence this event.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices of frontline health workers in relation to detection of brucellosis in rural settings of Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Joseph Mligo ◽  
Calvin Sindato ◽  
Richard B. Yapi ◽  
Coletha Mathew ◽  
Ernatus M. Mkupasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontline Health Workers

Abstract Background Brucellosis an important zoonotic disease worldwide, which frequently presents as an undifferentiated febrile illness with otherwise varied and non-specific clinical manifestations. Despite its importance, there are few reports on its awareness among frontline health workers. This study aimed at assessing the baseline knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) related to detection and management of brucellosis among frontline health workers (FHWs) namely; healthcare workers (HWs) and community health workers (CHWs). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to January 2020 in Kilosa and Chalinze districts of Tanzania. Data on demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and practices regarding brucellosis were collected from the study participants using a structured questionnaire. Interviews were conducted with 32 HWs and 32 CHWs who were systematically selected in study districts. Chi square/fisher Exact was used to assess the association between sociodemographic variables and those related to knowledge, attitude and practices. Results Overall, a total of 30 (93.8%) HWs and nine (28.1%) CHWs from the study districts heard about brucellosis, with (34.4%) of HWs having knowledge about the causative organism. Overall, knowledge showed almost half (46.9%) HWs and (28.1%) CHWs were aware of the symptoms, clinical signs, diagnosis and control regarding brucellosis. Knowledge difference was statistically significant with HWs’ age (p = 0.016). Almost half (46.9%) HWs and less than quarter (12.5%) CHWs had good practices regarding brucellosis control. Almost three quarters (71.9%) of HWs and (21.9%) CHWs had positive attitude regarding brucellosis control; overall attitude was statistically significant with CHWs age (p = 0.028) and education level (p = 0.024). Lack of awareness and unavailability of diagnostic tools were the main challenges faced by FHWs in the two districts. Conclusion The majority of participants were not aware of human brucellosis. Moreover, their overall knowledge was inadequate and the common practices were diagnostic tools, and adequate knowledge to manage brucellosis cases. These findings highlight the need to strengthen frontline health workers knowledge, practices and diagnostic capacities related to brucellosis.

Frequency and Clinical Manifestations of Caesarean Section Scar Defects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ome Kulsoom
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Pain ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Menstrual Irregularity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Caesarean Scar ◽  
Caesarean Scar Defect

Background: Caesarean Sections (CS), significantly on the rise worldwide, have been found frequently complicated with the presence of a scar at the site of CS. It is associated with various gynecological problems like postmenstrual spotting, infertility, miscarriage, and uterine rupture. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of CS scar defects and associated gynaecological symptoms. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ziauddin University Hospital Karachi from October 1st, 2017 to March 1st, 2018. A total of 162 patients’ (aged 20-40 years) were included, with CS history (elective or emergency) and complaints of chronic pelvic pain, infertility or menstrual irregularities, after an informed consent. Demographic details and medical history were recorded on performa. Chi-square was used to establish association between categorical variable such presence of scar defect, clinical symptoms and the shape of the defect. Results: Out of 162 patients, 86(53.1%) had one and 76(46.9%) had more than one caesarean scar. Majority of the patients 97(59.9%) were found to have scar defect (NICHE) present while in 65 (40.1%) patients had no caesarean scar defect. Regarding menstrual cycle, 58(35.8%) had heavy bleeding, 39(24.1%) continuous bleeding, and 27 (16%) irregular cycle. Significant association (p˂0.05) was found between menstrual irregularity, pelvic pain, infertility and scar defects. Different shapes of scar (niche) were noted triangular 46(28.4%) droplet 26(16%), oval and others such as rectangular and inclusion cyst on ultrasonographic . Conclusion: Multiple Caesarean sections are predisposing factors for Caesarean scar defects. Menstrual irregularity, pelvic pain, infertility and scar defects were found significantly associated with Caesarean sections (p˂0.05).

scholarly journals The Biochemical Outcome of two Treatment Protocols in Patients With Opium-associated Lead Poisoning: A Cross-sectional Study in North of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 32329.1-32329.8
Author(s):  
Alireza Badsar ◽  
◽  
Zeynab Gholami ◽  
Morteza Rahbar Taramsari ◽  
Zahra Atrkar Roshan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Before And After

Background: Lead is a potent toxin that targets heme synthesis and some antioxidant enzymes that induce oxidative stress. Lead exposure remains one of the significant health concerns all over the world. Chelating agents have been used as antidotes for acute and chronic lead poisoning. The present study was conducted to evaluate the biochemical outcome of two different chelating therapies. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in the Razi University Hospital, Rasht, Guilan. Fifty-six patients with a history of opium use were enrolled in the study who were treated symptomatically. Blood lead Llevels (BLL), Hemoglobin (Hb), Red Blood Cell (RBC), White Blood Cell (WBC), urea, creatinine, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) were evaluated before and after treatment. The BLL more than 100μg/dl with clinical symptoms was considered as severe lead poisoning (n=34) who received 4 days of DMPS (2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate) injection. Other cases with BLL of 20-100μg/dl were considered as those with mild poisoning (n=22) that were treated with oral D-Penicillamine for 14 days. Results: The mean age of patients was 49.73±14.11 years. Data analysis indicated no significant differences between the groups at baseline regarding the demographic variables. A significant reduction was observed in BLL before and after the intervention using the D-Penicillamine from 75.88±26.22 to 44.3±17.51 μg/dl (P=0.0001). The BLL reduced from 105.5±34.04 to 24.51±24.08 μg/dl after treatment with DMSP (P=0.0001). The levels of ALT, AST, and WBC significantly decreased post-treatment following using D-penicillamine and DMPS (P<0.05). The D-Penicillamine-treated group showed an increase in Hb and RBC (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, penicillamine improves low to moderate lead toxicity. Although DMSP decreases BLL significantly and reverses liver enzymes, further investigations on Hb and RBC, are needed.

CLINICAL SYMPTOMS, BIOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOLOGY OF PLEURAL, PERITONEAL EFFUSIONS

2016 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Van Mao Nguyen ◽  
Huyen Quynh Trang Pham
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breath Sounds ◽  
Peritoneal Effusion ◽  
Neutrophil Leukocytes

Background: The cytology and the support of clinical symptoms, biochemistry for diagnosis of the cases of effusions are very important. Objectives: - To describe some of clinical symptoms and biochemistry of effusions. - To compare the results between cytology and biochemistry by the causes of pleural, peritoneal fluids. Material & Method: A cross-sectional study to describe all of 47 patients with pleural, peritoneal effusions examinated by cytology in the Hospital of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy from April 2013 to January 2014. Results: In 47 cases with effusions, pleural effusion accounting for 55.32%, following peritoneal effusions 29.79% and 14.89% with both of them. The most common symptoms in patients with pleural effusions were diminished or absent tactile fremitus, dull percussion, diminished or absent breath sounds (100%), in patients with peritoneal effusions was ascites (95.24%). 100% cases with pleural effusions, 50% cases with peritoneal effusions and 80% cases with pleural and peritoneal effusions were exudates. The percentage of malignant cells in patients with pleural effusions was 26.92%, in peritoneal effusions was 28.57%, in pleural and peritoneal effusions was 42.86%. The percentage of detecting the malignant cells in patients with suspected cancer in the first test was 57.14%, in the second was 9.53% and 33.33% undetectable. Most of cases which had malignant cells and inflammatory were exudates, all of the cases which had a few cells were transudates. Besides, 7.5% cases which had high neutrophil leukocytes were transudates. Conclusion: Cytology should be carry out adding to the clinical examinations and biochemistry tests to have an exact diagnosis, especially for the malignant ones. For the case with suspected cancer, we should repeat cytology test one more time to increase the ability to detect malignant cells. Key words: Effusion, pleural effusion, peritoneal effusion, cytology, biochemistry

Etiologies, Clinical Manifestations, and Factors Associated with Severe Symptomatic Hyponatremia among Hospitalized Hyponatremia Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-471
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Background: Hyponatremia is associated with unfavorable outcomes in many cases. The mainstay of hyponatremia treatment depends on its symptoms and etiology. However, etiologies, clinical manifestations, and factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia have been rarely reported. Objective: To analyze and report etiologies, clinical manifestations, and factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia. Materials and Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, the authors enrolled hospitalized patients with hyponatremia who had consulted a nephrologist between October 1, 2017, and October 31, 2018. Their baseline characteristics and clinical manifestations were recorded. Etiologies were confirmed by the attending nephrology staff. Factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: One hundred patients were included in this study. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD), hypovolemia, and hydrochlorothiazide use were the leading hyponatremia etiologies. Hyponatremia etiologies differed between patients with community-acquired hyponatremia (n=50) and those with hospital-associated hyponatremia (n=50). Patients with communityacquired hyponatremia were older, presented with a higher frequency of severe symptomatic hyponatremia, and showed lower SNa-levels. Low SNa-levels were significantly associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia (p=0.014). Conclusion: Hyponatremia remains an important health problem. SIAD, hypovolemia, and hydrochlorothiazide use are among the leading etiologies of hyponatremia. Low SNa-levels are associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia; thus, physicians should pay close attention to low SNa-levels in hospitalized patients. Keywords: Hyponatremia, Symptomatic Hyponatremia, Community-acquired hyponatremia, Hospital-associated hyponatremia

Prevalence of COVID-19-like Symptoms among People Living with HIV, and Using Antiretroviral Therapy for Prevention and Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi ◽  
Maryam Ghadimi ◽  
Mahboubeh Hajiabdolbaghi ◽  
Mehrnaz Rasoolinejad ◽  
Ladan Abbasian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: COVID-19 has spread globally with remarkable speed, and currently, there is limited data available exploring any aspect of the intersection between HIV and SARSCoV- 2 co-infection. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of clinical symptoms associated with COVID-19 among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Tehran, Iran. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 200 PLWH were recruited through the positive club via sampling, and completed the symptom-based questionnaire for COVID-19, which was delivered by trained peers. Results: Of 200 participants, respiratory symptoms, including cough, sputum, and shortness of breath, were the most prevalent among participants, but only one person developed symptoms collectively suggested COVID-19 and sought treatments. Conclusions: It appears that existing infection with HIV or receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) might reduce the susceptibility to the infection with SARS-CoV-2 or decrease the severity of the infection acquired. Further research is needed to understand causal mechanisms.

Prevalence of Thyroid Diseases in an Occupationally Radiation Exposed Group: A Cross-Sectional Study in a University Hospital of Southern Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Vimercati ◽  
Luigi De Maria ◽  
Francesca Mansi ◽  
Antonio Caputi ◽  
Giovanni M. Ferri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exposed Workers

Background: Thyroid diseases occur more frequently in people exposed to ionizing radiation, but the relationship between occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and thyroid pathologies still remains unclear. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of thyroid diseases in healthcare workers exposed to low-level ionizing radiation compared with a control group working at the University Hospital of Bari, Southern Italy, and living in the same geographical area, characterized by mild iodine deficiency. Methods: We ran a cross-sectional study to investigate whether healthcare workers exposed to ionizing radiation had a higher prevalence of thyroid diseases. Four hundred and forty-four exposed healthcare workers (241 more exposed, or “A Category”, and 203 less exposed, or “B Category”) and 614 nonexposed healthcare workers were enrolled during a routine examination at the Occupational Health Unit. They were asked to fill in an anamnestic questionnaire and undergo a physical examination, serum determination of fT3, fT4 and TSH, anti-TPO ab and anti-TG ab and ultrasound neck scan. Thyroid nodules were submitted to fine needle aspiration biopsy when indicated. Results: The prevalence of thyroid diseases was statistically higher in the exposed workers compared to controls (40% vs 29%, adPR 1.65; IC95% 1.34-2.07). In particular, the thyroid nodularity prevalence in the exposed group was approximately twice as high as that in the controls (29% vs 13%; adPR 2.83; IC95% 2.12-3.8). No statistically significant association was found between exposure to ionizing radiation and other thyroid diseases. Conclusion: In our study, mild ionizing radiation-exposed healthcare workers had a statistically higher prevalence of thyroid diseases than the control group. The results are likely due to a closer and more meticulous health surveillance programme carried out in the ionising radiation-exposed workers, allowing them to identify thyroid alterations earlier than non-exposed health staff.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document