Greenhouses of botanical gardens as a habitat of alien and native macrofungi: a case study in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 777-795
Author(s):  
Andrzej Szczepkowski ◽  
Błażej Gierczyk ◽  
Anna Kujawa
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Botanical Gardens ◽  
Agaricus Subrufescens ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Lepiotaceous Fungi

AbstractIn 2010, 16 macrofungi species were found in greenhouses of the Botanical Garden in Warsaw-Powsin. These included 8 species of lepiotaceous fungi and a few species known from warmer areas. For 3 species identified, which are new to Poland (Agaricus subrufescens, Leucocoprinus heinemannii, Marasmius teplicensis), a description is given, with drawings of their microscopic features and photographs. Species composition of macrofungi is compared in 5 complexes of greenhouses (Bayreuth, Graz, Jena, Paskov, Warsaw) in 4 countries from Central Europe. The total number of species in these 5 studies is 206, including 27 (13.2%) lepiotaceous fungi. The smallest number of species identified was in Warsaw (16). More than twice this number was recorded in Jena (33) and Graz (34), while the richest fungal biotas were in Bayreuth (79) and Paskov (88). Of the 16 species found in Warsaw, 8 were also found in other greenhouses. In the group of 33 species recorded in at least two complexes of greenhouses, the most abundant were the lepiotaceous fungi (39.4%) and mycenaceous fungi (15.1%). Leucocoprinus cepistipes and L. straminellus were recorded most often, in 4 of the 5 studied greenhouse complexes. CCA analysis demonstrated that the highest impact on species diversity is the area of greenhouses.

scholarly journals Botanical gardens support urban sustainable development: a case study from the Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 951-958
Author(s):  
Yonghong Hu ◽  
◽  
Shuting Yang ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Gilles Vincent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Botanical Gardens ◽  
Urban Sustainable Development

scholarly journals Influence of elevations on woody tree species diversity in Nam Kar Natural Reserve of Daklak province, Vietnam

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Thi Thanh Huong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Nhu Quynh Chau
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Forest Strata

This paper describes the influence of elevation on woody tree species diversity in Nam Kar Natural Reserve of Daklak, of which remote sensing and GIS techniques were used as the tools in biodiversity inventory and assessment. The whole Reserve area was divided into four elevation classes based on DEM (Digital Elevation Model) using GIS technique. Landsat 8 satellite image was employed to stratify the forest into the four strata. A total of 4 transect lines of 100 m in length and 20 m in width (abbreviated as H1, H2, H3, and H4) established in east-west direction representing for 4 elevation classes was used for surveying biodiversity and stand structure. The different diversity indices were compared among the different elevation classes. The relationships between reflectance value of sat- ellite image, forest strata with biodiversity indices were also analysed. The result shows that the diversity of woody tree species is different among elevation classes. Based on sample plots a total of 135 tree species belonging to 42 genera was found in this area. Although a low inverse correlations were found between number of species composition, basal area, and tree density with DNs, most correlation was statistically insignificant 95%. However, a medium relation between forest strata and number of species composition were found with correlation coefficient r = 0.53 (P<0.00) in the area. Nghiên cứu này đánh giá đa dạng thực vật thân gỗ tại khu bảo tồn thiên nhiên Nam Kar theo các cấp độ cao khác nhau. Nghiên cứu đã sử dụng ảnh vệ tinh và kỹ thuật GIS để hỗ trong trong việc điều tra và đánh giá đa dạng sinh học. Toàn bộ khu bảo tồn được chia thành 4 cấp độ cao dựa vào mô hình số độ cao (DEM) được thực hiện bằng kỹ thuật GIS. Ảnh Landsat 8 đã được sử dụng để phân chia rừng thành 4 khối trạng thái. Có 4 ô tiêu chuẩn dạng dải có kích thước 100m chiều dài và 20m chiều rộng được đặt ở từng đai cao (viết tắt là H1, H2, H3, và H4) theo hướng cố định Đông – Tây để điều tra đa dạng sinh học và cấu trúc lâm phần của thực vật thân gỗ ở từng đai cao. Các chỉ số đa dạng sinh học đã được so sánh trong từng cấp độ cao. Mối quan hệ giữa giá trị ảnh, hiện trạng rừng với các chỉ số đa dạng cũng được phân tích. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có sự khác biệt về đa dạng loài thực vật thân gỗ theo từng đai cao. Dựa vào ô mẫu nghiên cứu cũng đã ước tính có 135 loài thuộc 42 chi có trong vùng nghiên cứu. Một số đặc điểm lâm phần như thành phần loài, tiết diệt ngang bình quân và mật độ cây có mối tương quan nghịch với giá trị ảnh vệ tinh tuy nhiên mối quan hệ này không có ý nghĩa thống kê ở độ tin cậy 95%. Tuy vậy nghiên cứu cho thấy có mối tương quan tương quan khá chặt giữa số loài và các khối hiện trạng rừng với hệ số tương quan là 0.53 ở mức P<0.00.

Effects of distribution and structural traits of bird's nest ferns (Asplenium nidus) on oribatid (Acari: Oribatida) communities in a subtropical Japanese forest

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigenori Karasawa ◽  
Naoki Hijii
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Subtropical Forest ◽  
Oribatid Mites ◽  
Subtropical Forests ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Japanese Forest ◽  
Asplenium Nidus ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Bird’S Nest Fern

We studied oribatid (Acari: Oribatida) communities in two distinct microhabitats (litter and root) of the bird's nest fern (Asplenium nidus) in an approximately 4-ha area in a subtropical forest, Okinawa, Japan. We collected a total of 15 729 oribatid mites from 37 ferns and examined whether the size and height of the ferns and the distance between ferns affected the structure of the oribatid communities in terms of the species composition, number of individuals, density (individuals per 100 g dry wt of substrate), number of species and species diversity (Simpson's index). Oribatid communities differed significantly in species composition and density between litter and root components and were evenly distributed horizontally throughout the plot. The density of oribatid mites in the litter decreased significantly with increasing height of the ferns, and the species composition and the numbers of individuals and species in the litter were affected by fern size. Our results suggest that the litter and root of bird's nest ferns allowed diverse oribatid communities to become established, and variations in size and height of the ferns may help to maintain or enhance the diversity of oribatid communities in bird's nest ferns in subtropical forests.

scholarly journals List of species of the genus Betula l. (family Betulaceae s.f. gray) of the Kazakhstan Altai, Saur-Manrak and the Zaysan depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Kotuchov ◽  
A. N. Danilova ◽  
O. A. Anufrieva
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Specific Element ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Species Composition And Distribution ◽  
The Right ◽  
Private Collections

A list of the genus Betula L. was compiled by the authors on the basis of field work carried out in 1970–2019, and also the collections of other collectors stored in the herbarium of Republican state-owned enterprises on the right of economic management “Altai Botanical Garden” (Ridder) and the Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction (Almaty). Purpose: to clarify the species composition and distribution of the genus Betula L. (family Betulaceae S.F. Gray) in the territory of Kazakhstan Altai, the Altai ridges and the Zaysan depression. As a result of the studies established the growth of 15 species and one subspecies of the genus Betula L. in the studying region. The study of herbarium samples, literature data and private collections allowed to supplement the species composition of the genus Betula L. of Kazakhstan with 7 species: B. x aurata Borkh., B. pseudopendula V. Vassil., B. falcata V. Vassil., B. x kelleriana Sukacz., B. х pseudomiddendorffii V. Vassil., B. talassica P. Pol., B. fruticosa subsp. montana M. Schemberg. Species saturation in the studied region: Central Altai – 3 species (18,8% of the total number of species); Southern Altai – 11 (68,75%); Western Altai –11 (68.75%); Kalba Altai – 6 (37,5%); Zaysan depression – 3 (18,75%); Saur-Manrak – 2 (12,5%). The average saturation index of species of the genus Betula L. in the flora of the Kazakhstan Altai and the Altai ranges is 6, which is relatively low, which indicates that family Betulaceae in the studied region is a specific element of boreal and holarctic flora. Keywords: list, genus Betula, species, Kazakhstan Altai, Saur-Manrak, Zaysan depression, distribution, occurrence.

scholarly journals LOCAL ASPECTS OF REGIONAL DIVERSITY AND DYNAMICS OF MACROPHYTOBENTOS IN THE BLACK SEA (BLUEBAY)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
I.K. Evstigneeva ◽  
I.N. Tankovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Ecological Structure ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Over Time

The species composition, ecological structure, features of phytomass formation and their variability over time are described. The phytocenosis includes 46 macroalgae species of Chlorophyta, Ochrophyta and Rhodophyta phylums. Among the phylums, the highest diversity of species and genera was noted for Rhodophyta. The ecological structure of the phytocenosis is formed by algae from 12 ecogroups, among which marine, leading, annual, and oligosaprobic species dominate. Species of Ochrophyta phylum, and especially representatives of the genus Cystoseira , are most involved in the production process. A peculiarity of the temporal dynamics of the characteristics of the studied phytocenosis is high variability of the species diversity and phytomass of Chlorophyta, as well as the absolute number of species in ecogroups. The biological “norm” is not exceeded for intra-annual changes in the species diversity and phytomass of Ochrophyta, and the relative number of species in phylums and ecogroups. Rhodophyta in this respect is intermediate. Interannual fluctuations in the species composition, in contrast to intra-annual fluctuations, occur with lower intensity. The species proportion of phylums remains constant over time. It was shown that cystosiric phytocenosis, despite the anthropogenic press, retains the basic structural and functional features of macrophytobenthos of the Black Sea.

scholarly journals Dalechampii oak (Quercus dalechampii Ten.), an important host plant for folivorous lepidoptera larvae

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-31
Author(s):  
M. Kulfan ◽  
◽  
M. Holecová ◽  
P. Beracko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Similarity ◽  
Structured Analysis ◽  
Species Similarity ◽  
Important Host

We conducted a structured analysis of lepidoptera larvae taxocenoses living in leaf bearing crowns of Dalechampii oak (Quercus dalechampii Ten.) in nine study plots in the Malé Karpaty Mountains (Central Europe). The differences between lepidoptera taxocenoses in individual oak stands were analyzed. A total of 96 species and 2,140 individuals were found. Species abundance peaked in May, while number of species and species diversity reached the highest values from April to May and from April to June, respectively. Abundance showed two notable peaks in flush feeders and in late summer feeders. Lepidoptera taxocenosis in the study plot Horný háj (isolated forest, high density of ants) differed significantly from all other taxocenoses according to Sörensen’s index of species similarity, species diversity, analysis of similarity on the basis of permutation and pairwise tests (ANOSIM), seasonal variability of species composition, and NMDS ordination.

scholarly journals Species Composition and Structure of the Communities of Plant-Parasitic and Free-Living Soil Nematodes in the Greenhouses of Botanical Gardens of Ukraine

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I. Gubin ◽  
D.D. Sigareva
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Soil Nematodes ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Botanical Gardens ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Plant Parasitic ◽  
Species Composition And Structure

Abstract Species Composition and Structure of the Communities of Plant-Parasitic and Free-Living Soil Nematodes in the Greenhouses of Botanical Gardens of Ukraine. Gubin, A. I., Sigareva, D. D. — In greenhouses of botanical gardens of Ukraine 81 species of nematodes were found. The richest by the number of species was Tylenchida order that was presented by 25 species (31 % of species composition). The dominant group of nematodes was plant-parasitic (most frequent was Rotylenchus robustus (de Man, 1876) Filipjev, 1936 and Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid et White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949). The group of saprobiotic nematodes, which was presented by 52 species (64 %), appeared to be the richest by the number of species. It is shown, that formation of nematode communities in greenhouses of botanical gardens was caused by the interaction of many related factors, crucial of which is the composition of plant collections. The structure of communities is quite constant and almost independent of the quantity of nematodes species. Plant-parasitic species dominate by the number and frequency of detection, and represent a kind of a core of nematode communities.

scholarly journals The influence of Picea abies on herb vegetation in forest plant communities of the Veporské vrchy Mts.

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Máliš ◽  
J. Vladovič ◽  
V. Čaboun ◽  
A. Vodálová
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Forest Status

Natural mixed beech-fir forests were quite widely replaced by spruce dominated stands in Slovakia. Given the demands on the assessment of the forest status as well as on stopping the biodiversity loss it is required to evaluate the influence of <I>Picea abies</I> (L.) Karst. on the species composition. In a case study from the Veporské vrchy Mts. natural beech dominated forests were compared to stands with different spruce proportion. Within three groups of relevés with no, less and more than a half proportion of <I>Picea abies</I> the species diversity and Ellenberg indicator values were compared. The response of particular species to the proportion of <I>Picea abies</I> was evaluated by partial relation in direct gradient analysis. The increasing spruce proportion causes particularly higher occurrence of acidophytes and a decrease in nitrophytes. Species with the highest positive response to spruce are mostly shallow-rooted or characteristic of natural spruce forests. Greater richness along with the highest diversity was found in mixed stands with less than a half proportion of <I>Picea abies</I>. The most significant difference in species composition was between natural and spruce dominated stands. However the proportion of <I>Picea abies</I> does not reduce the species diversity in general, it causes significant changes in the species composition. As the results show, to avoid the negative effect and loss of phytodiversity it is required not to grow spruce dominated stands out of the natural occurrence of <I>Picea abies</I>.

Phytoplankton species diversity of the Lower Vistula from Wyszogród to Toruń

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Dembowska
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
River Section ◽  
Dam Reservoir ◽  
Water Flow Velocity ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Phytoplankton Species Composition

Phytoplankton species diversity of the Lower Vistula from Wyszogród to ToruńIn this paper, the results of research on phytoplankton species composition along the 145 km section of the Lower Vistula are presented. The research was carried out during the growing season in 1998. All sites were located in the mainstream, both in the river and in the dam reservoir, which is situated in the middle part of the studied river section. As regards the number of species, diatoms and green algae were the most numerous. Most of the species were identified at the site located above the dam reservoir. The fewest number of species were identified at the sites below the reservoir. Damming the river, and therefore changing the water flow velocity, had a clear effect on the species composition and diversity of plankton algae.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document