Serum levels of sFas and sFasL in subjects with type 2 diabetes — the impact of arterial hypertension

Introduction: Renin-angiotensin system affects cardiovascular disease pathogenesis through a balance of angiotensin II effects on proatherogenic constitutive type 1 and antiatherogenic inducible type 2 (AT2R) receptors. The impact of A1675G polymorphism on the development of hypertension and advanced atherosclerosis is controversial. We examined the impact of A1675G polymorphism on AT2R, on the risk for arterial hypertension and coronary atherosclerosis, and its effect on the expression of proatherogenic inflammatory molecules. Methods. The study population consisted of 310 males: 145 with arterial hypertension and 165 controls, matched for age and risk factors for atherosclerosis. Among hypertensive subjects, 37 had angiographically documented coronary atherosclerosis and 108 had no evidence of atherosclerosis. The presence of A1675G polymorphism on AT2R gene (located in chromosome X) was determined by PCR. Serum levels of C-reactive protein and fibrinogen was measured in all the participants. Results. The frequency of the A allele was similar between patients with arterial hypertension (64/145, 44.1%) and non-hypertensive subjects (73/165, 44.2%, p=NS), while the risk for arterial hypertension was OR[95%CI]:1.004[0.641–1.574], p=0.985 for the G vs A carriers. However, the risk for coronary atherosclerosis within the group of hypertensive subjects was significantly elevated in the carriers of the A allele (OR[95%CI]:2.128[1.003–4.513], p=0.04 vs carriers of the G allele). Importantly, the presence of the A allele was also associated with significantly higher levels of CRP (4.8±0.8mg/dl) compared to the carriers of the G allele (3.0±0.3mg/dl, p<0.05). Similarly, fibrinogen levels were higher in A-allele carriers (median(25 th –75th percentile) 395(340 – 455) mg/ml) compared to G-allele carriers (369(320 – 406) mg/ml, p<0.05). Conclusions: Although genetic polymorphism A1675G on AT2R is not associated with the development of arterial hypertension, it affects the risk for coronary artery disease among hypertensive patients. The presence of the A allele also leads to higher levels of CRP and fibrinogen, implying that this polymorphism may induce atherogenesis by modulating acute phase response in hypertensive individuals.

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Interleukin-18 Promoter Gene Polymorphisms are not Associated with Myocardial Infarction in Type 2 Diabetes in Slovenia

Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics ◽

10.2478/v10034-011-0011-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 3-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

S Kariž ◽

D Petrovič

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Gene Polymorphisms ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Interleukin 18 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Promoter Gene ◽

The Impact

Interleukin-18 Promoter Gene Polymorphisms are not Associated with Myocardial Infarction in Type 2 Diabetes in SloveniaType 2 diabetes is a major risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI) and chronic inflammation may play a central role in both diseases. Interleukin (IL)-18 is a potent proinflammatory cytokine, which is considered important in acute coronary syndromes and type 2 diabetes. We investigated the association of the -137 (G>C), polymorphism (rs187238) and the -607 (C<A) polymorphism (rs1946518) of the IL-18 gene promoter region in 495 Caucasians with type 2 diabetes, of whom 169 had MI and 326 subjects had no clinically evident coronary artery disease (controls). We also investigated the impact of these polymorphisms on the serum IL-18 level in subsets of both groups and in a normal group. Genotype distributions of the polymorphisms showed no significant difference between cases and controls. However, IL-18 serum levels were significantly lower in diabetics with the137 CC genotype than in those with other genotypes (241.5 ± 132.7 ng/Lvs.340.2 ± 167.4 ng/L; p <0.05). High sensitivity C-reactive protein and IL-18 serum levels were higher in diabetics in the MI group than in the control group. We conclude that these IL-18 promoter gene polymorphisms are not risk factors for MI in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes.

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Sex-Dependent Effect of Metformin on Serum Prolactin Levels In Hyperprolactinemic Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/s-0043-122224 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 126 (06) ◽

pp. 342-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Robert Krysiak ◽

Witold Szkróbka ◽

Bogusław Okopień

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Pituitary Hormones ◽

Serum Prolactin ◽

Free Thyroid Hormones ◽

The Impact ◽

Circulating Levels

Abstract Background Metformin was found to reduce circulating levels of pituitary hormones. Objective The purpose of this study was to assess whether sex determines the effect of metformin on lactotroph secretory function. Methods The study population included 25 women and 12 men with mildly elevated serum prolactin levels (25–75 ng/mL). Because of concomitant type 2 diabetes, all participants were treated with metformin (3 g daily). Plasma levels of glucose and lipids, HOMA1-IR, serum levels of prolactin, thyrotropin and free thyroid hormones, as well as Jostel’s, SPINA-GT and SPINA-GD indices were assessed at baseline and at the end of metformin treatment. Results The study completed 24 women and 11 men. At baseline, there were no significant differences in circulating levels of glucose and lipids, insulin sensitivity, hormones, Jostel’s, SPINA-GT and SPINA-GD indices between women and men. In both men and women, metformin reduced fasting glucose levels and HOMA1-IR. However, only in women metformin decreased elevated prolactin levels and this effect correlated with an improvement insulin sensitivity, as well as with the impact on SPINA-GT. Conclusions The results of the study suggest that the effect of metformin on serum prolactin levels is sex-dependent.

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The Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on the Markers of Osteoporosis (Sclerostin and CTRP3) in Postmenopausal Women: A Comparative, Observational, Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-67681/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Inass Hassan Ahmad ◽

Mervat El Shahat El Wakeel ◽

Sally Said Abd Elhamed ◽

Marwa Abdelmonim Mohammed ◽

Basma Elnagger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Observation Study ◽

Left Femur ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background In the present study, our goal was to assess the impact of type 2 diabetes mellites (T2DM) on osteoporosis markers (sclerostin and CTRP3) among postmenopausal women, and whether sclerostin and CTRP3 can be used as early biomarkers of osteoporosis/osteopenia in T2DM patients. Methods In a comparative, observation, study, a total of 30 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis/osteopenia and T2DM were included, as well as 30 non-diabetic women with osteoporosis/osteopenia. Thirty age and sex-matched healthy women were included as control groups. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess the serum levels of sclerostin and CTRP3. Results A total of 90 women were included in the present study (30 patients per group). The serum CTRP3 was significantly lower in the DM-OST (3.45 ± 3.5 ng/dL) and OST (9.15 ± 3.65 ng/dL) groups than the control group (16.80 ± 0.55 ng/dL; p < 0.001); likewise, the serum sclerostin was higher in the DM-OST (109.95 ± 28.96 pmol/L) and OST (51.52 ± 23.18 pmol/L) than the control group (11.22 ± 1.21 pmol/L; p < 0.001). Notably, the serum CTRP3 was significantly lower and sclerostin was significantly higher in the DM-OST group than the OST group (p < 0.001)). In the DM + OST and OST groups, the serum CTRP3 correlated positively with BMD of lumbar spines, left femur, and left forearm. Serum CTRP3 was associated with lower risk of osteoporosis (OR) and diabetes (OR) in postmenopausal women. In addition, the serum sclerostin was associated with higher risk of osteoporosis (OR) and diabetes (OR) in postmenopausal women. Conclusion The present study provides a novel evidence about the impact of T2DM on osteoporosis biomarkers, serum CTRP3 and sclerostin. The results indicated that women with combined T2DM and osteoporosis/osteopenia exhibited more dysregulation in both biomarkers than women with osteoporosis/osteopenia. alone. Thus, serum CTRP3 and sclerostin can be used as biomarkers for early detection of osteoporosis in diabetic patients.

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The impact of T786C and G894T polymorphisms of eNOS on vascular endothelial growth factor serum levels in type 2 diabetes patients

International Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.238 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 222 ◽

pp. 155-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Theodosia Konsola ◽

Gerasimos Siasos ◽

Alexios S. Antonopoulos ◽

Christina Kollia ◽

Evangelos Oikonomou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

The Impact ◽

Diabetes Patients

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The impact of bariatric surgery on serum tryptophan–kynurenine pathway metabolites

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-03833-4 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kai Tai Derek Yeung ◽

Nicholas Penney ◽

Luke Whiley ◽

Hutan Ashrafian ◽

Matthew R. Lewis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Kynurenine Pathway ◽

Xanthurenic Acid ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽

Post Operation ◽

Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

The Impact

AbstractThis study aims to explore the immediate effects of bariatric surgery on serum tryptophan–kynurenine pathway metabolites in individuals with type 2 diabetes and BMI > 30. With the goal of providing insight into the link between tryptophan pathway metabolites, type 2 diabetes, and chronic obesity-induced inflammation. This longitudinal study included 20 participants. Half were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. 11 and 9 underwent RYGB and SG respectively. Blood samples were obtained at pre-operative and 3 months post-operative timepoints. Tryptophan and downstream metabolites of the kynurenine pathway were quantified with an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionisation method. At 3 months post-operation, RYGB led to significant reductions in tryptophan, kynurenic acid and xanthurenic acid levels when compared to baseline. Significant reductions of the same metabolites after surgery were also observed in individuals with T2D irrespective of surgical procedure. These metabolites were significantly correlated with serum HbA1c levels and BMI. Bariatric surgery, in particular RYGB reduces serum levels of tryptophan and its downstream kynurenine metabolites. These metabolites are associated with T2D and thought to be potentially mechanistic in the systemic processes of obesity induced inflammation leading to insulin resistance. Its reduction after surgery is associated with an improvement in glycaemic control (HbA1c).

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Associations between Adiponectin Gene Variability, Proinflammatory and Angiogenetic Markers: Implications for Microvascular Disease Development in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

Current Vascular Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1570161116666180108113825 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 204-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christina Kollia ◽

Alexios S. Antonopoulos ◽

Gerasimos Siasos ◽

Theodosia Konsola ◽

Evangelos Oikonomou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Microvascular Disease ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Adiponectin Gene ◽

The Impact

Background: Adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) variability may affect the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but it remains unclear whether it is involved in microvascular complications. Objective: To explore the impact of ADIPOQ variability on markers of inflammation and angiogenesis in T2DM. Methods: Overall, 220 consecutive T2DM patients from our outpatient diabetic clinic were genotyped for G276T (rs1501299) and T45G (rs2241766) single nucleotide polymorphisms of ADIPOQ gene. Serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high sensitivity Creactive protein (hsCRP) by immunonephelometry. Results: Homozygosity for the G allele on rs2241766 was associated with significantly lower serum VEGF and ICAM-1 levels compared with other genotype groups, but had no effect on IL-6. Genetic variability on rs1501299 was not associated with either VEGF or ICAM-1 levels, but T homozygotes for rs1501299 had significantly lower IL-6 concentrations compared with G carriers. Furthermore, the presence of the G allele on rs2241766 was associated with significantly lower HbA1c, whereas no associations were observed for both body mass index and hsCRP with either rs2241766 or rs1501299. Conclusion: Genetic variability on adiponectin gene was associated with serum levels of inflammatory and angiogenetic markers. Further research is required to elucidate the role of adiponectin in the development and/or progression of microvascular disease in T2DM patients.

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The Impact of Type 2 Diabetes and Atorvastatin Treatment on Serum Levels of MMP-7 and MMP-8

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/s-0033-1358762 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 122 (01) ◽

pp. 44-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

N. Kadoglou ◽

N. Sailer ◽

G. Fotiadis ◽

A. Kapelouzou ◽

C. Liapis

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Atorvastatin Treatment ◽

The Impact

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The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Serum Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites

10.21203/rs.3.rs-569546/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kai Tai Derek Yeung ◽

Nicholas Penney ◽

Luke Whiley ◽

Hutan Ashrafian ◽

Matthew R Lewis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Kynurenine Pathway ◽

Xanthurenic Acid ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽

Post Operation ◽

Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objectives This study aims to explore the immediate effects of bariatric surgery on serum tryptophan – kynurenine pathway metabolites in individuals with type 2 diabetes and BMI > 30. With the goal of providing insight into the link between tryptophan pathway metabolites, type 2 diabetes, and chronic obesity-induced inflammation.Methods This longitudinal study included 20 participants. Half were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. 11 and 9 underwent RYGB and SG respectively. Blood samples were obtained at pre-operative and three months post-operative timepoints. Tryptophan and downstream metabolites of the kynurenine pathway were quantified with an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionisation method.Results At 3 months post-operation, RYGB led to significant reductions in tryptophan, kynurenic acid and xanthurenic acid levels when compared to baseline. Significant reductions of the same metabolites after surgery were also observed in individuals with T2D irrespective of surgical procedure. These metabolites were significantly correlated with serum HbA1c levels.Conclusions Bariatric surgery, in particular RYGB reduces serum levels of tryptophan and its downstream kynurenine metabolites. These metabolites are associated with T2D and thought to be potentially mechanistic in systemic processes leading to insulin resistance. Its reduction after surgery is associated with an improvement in glycaemic control (HbA1c).

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