scholarly journals Assessment of the tDCS Influence on Stress-Induced Disorders in Rats with Low Stress Sustainability and Endurance

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Aksinia Lipatova ◽  
Azamat Kade ◽  
Artem Trofimenko ◽  
Viktor Ovsiannikov ◽  
Oleg Tcymbalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Orthostatic Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Intact Rats

Abstract The aim of study is to analyze the tDCS influence on stress-induced disorders in rats with low stress sustainability and endurance. The animals with a low stress sustainability and endurance were divided into 3 groups: the comparison 1, the comparison 2 and the main. The control group consisted of intact rats. The rats of the comparison group 1 were subjected to orthostatic stress 24 hours after the 1st forced swimming test. The rats of the comparison group 2 and the main one were conducted the 2nd forced swimming test on the 7th day of the experiment, and 24 hours later they were subjected to the orthostatic stress. Rats of the main group got tDCS sessions after the 1st forced swimming test. The development of the orthostatic stress is accompanied by an increase in plasma content the following components: adrenaline by 88.9%, ACTH in 10.5 times, corticosterone by 70.1%, IL-1β by 178.2%, IL-6 in 6.7 times, IL-10 by 37.1% in comparison with intact animals. The usage of tDCS in rats with low stress sustainability and endurance increased the swimming duration by 47.7%. During the OS it was also accompanied by a decrease in plasma content: adrenaline in 1.4 times, ACTH in 8.2 times, corticosterone in 1.4 times, IL-1β in 1.5 times, IL-6 in 2.2 times, IL-10 in 1.2 times, relative to the comparison group 2. The obtained data showed the essential effect of tDCS on stress-related changes in the content of cytokines and hormones of blood.

scholarly journals Antidepressant and Antiamnesic Potential of Foeniculum vulgare

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afshan Abbas ◽  
Rahila Ikram ◽  
Faiza Hasan ◽  
Abeer Adil ◽  
Uzair Nisar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Maze ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Group 2

Aim: To evaluate the antiamnesic and antidepressant effect of Foeniculum vulgare whole crushed seeds. Study Design: Laboratory based randomized control study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology, University of Karachi between January 2018 to August 2018.  Methodology: Thirty swiss albino mice and wistar rats were divided equally in three groups. Control group was fed on standard rodent diet, group 2 was fed on 2% Foeniculum vulgare diet and group 3 was given 4% Foeniculum vulgare diet. Antidepressant activity was assessed using forced swimming test. Memory enhancement effect was evaluated by stationary rod test, passive avoidance test and water maze test. Results: Increased duration of struggling time was noted in both group 2 and group 3 as compared to control in forced swimming test. Decrease in time to reach platform in both water maze and stationary rod test was recorded in both the study group (group 2 & 3). Increase in step through latency was also seen in group 2 and group 3 as compared to control group. Conclusion: The results showed the memory enhancing and antidepressant actions of Foeniculum.

scholarly journals Effect of modified neoadjuvant chemotherapy on levels of E6 oncoprotein in HPV-infected cervical tumor tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-537
Author(s):  
Elena Frantsiyants ◽  
Anna Menshenina ◽  
Tatiana Moiseenko ◽  
Natalia Ushakova ◽  
Ekaterina Verenikina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cervical Tumor ◽  
E6 Oncoprotein ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

. Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been established to be the etiological factor of cervical cancer (CC). HPV infection and CC progression involve the direct participation of the E6 oncoprotein. Aim. An analysis of the E6 oncoprotein levels in tissues of the tumor and its perifocal area in HPV-associated cervical squamous cell cancer as an objective indicator of the effect of treatment depending on preoperative chemotherapy. Material and methods. The study included clinical and laboratory data of 237 patients with high-risk HPV infection of the cervix. The patients were divided into 4 groups: two main groups (CC T2а2–2bN0–1M0) and two control groups. Patients in the main group 1 (n=84) received standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), in the main group 2 (n=93) — modified NACT with prior plasmapheresis session and a parallel course of nonspecific immunotherapy with Allokin-alpha. Control group 1 (n=40) included patients with CC T1b2–2a1N0–1M0, surgical treatment; control group 2 (n=20) — HPV-positive patients without CC. Levels of E6 were measured in samples of the cervical tumor and perifocal tissues. Results. The lowest levels of the E6 oncoprotein were registered in the group of HPV-positive patients without CC. After modified NACT, E6 levels in tumor tissues remained 4.6 times higher than in intact tissues, and even so, these patients demonstrated minimal E6 levels compared to other CC patients. E6 in tumor tissues was significantly lower than in main group 1 (by 3.3 times) and 8 times lower than in control group 1. E6 levels in the perifocal tissues of patients in main group 2 were 1.9 times lower than in the corresponding tissues of patients in main group 1 and 2.2 times lower than in control group 1. Conclusions. Inclusion of plasmapheresis and inducers of endogenous interferonogenesis into neoadjuvant treatment for cervical cancer can be considered pathogenetically justified, since it affects the key unit of cervical carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the comparison of anti-depressant effects of oral fluoxetine and riluzole in albino rats by using the forced swimming test model

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Hansraj Kumar ◽  
Akash Chandra ◽  
Uma Shankar Prasad Keshri ◽  
Rajiv Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Swimming Test

Background: Depression is a group of disorders results from a combination of multiple etiologic factors- genetic, biochemical, psychodynamic and socio-environmental. A depression consists of following clinical features as sadness, apathy, changes in sleep pattern, impaired concentration, feeling of shame or guilt and thoughts of dying or death. Fluoxetine and riluzole both are used for the treatment of depression in human being. Fluoxetine is SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and riluzole is anxiolytic and mood stabilizer.Methods: Healthy male albino rats weighing between 150-200 grams were taken for the present study. Study animals were divided into three groups randomly with each group consisting of ten animals. Drugs were powdered with help of mortar and pestle and mixed in gum acacia solution. Appropriate volume of the freshly prepared solution was administered orally daily between 9 am to 10 am to all animal as per their individual body weight. Group A administered 1ml of 0.9% normal saline orally and serves as control group. Group B administered 0.4 mg of fluoxetine orally. Group C administered 2 mg of riluzole orally. Animals were evaluated for antidepressant activity using model- forced swimming test.Results: The results in the forced swimming test were assessed by duration of immobility in last 4 minutes of total 6 minute test duration. Antidepressant activity is indicated by the reduction in the duration of immobility i.e. lesser the duration more the efficacy. The results have been expressed as mean±standard deviation of duration of immobility in seconds during 6 minute period.Conclusions: There was significant difference in antidepressant activity of fluoxetine with antidepressant activity of riluzole. Riluzole showed antidepressant activity after two weeks of starting the drugs.

The combined application of transvaginal collagenase electrophoresis and pulsed magnetic therapy to improve the quality of life of patients with chronic salpingo-oophoritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Tamara Mikhailovna Medoeva ◽  
Madina Zaudinovna Dugieva ◽  
Vadim Viktorovich Portnov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Pelvic Pain Syndrome ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Magnetic Therapy ◽  
Group 1

Chronic salpingo-oophoritis (CSO) is one of the most common diseases among the entire gynecological pathology, the frequency of which reaches 65-68%. Despite the progress made in the treatment of CSO, there is a serious problem due to the steady growth and complications leading to infertility, ectopic pregnancy and the development of chronic pelvic pain syndrome, which significantly reduces the quality of life of patients. In this regard, the development of promising pharmaco-physiotherapeutic methods with pronounced analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and bacteriological effects to increase the therapeutic effectiveness and improve the quality of life of patients with salpingo-oophoritis is an important task of modern gynecology and physiotherapy. Objective: To study in a comparative aspect the effect of the combined use of transvaginal electrophoresis of the collagenase complex and pulsed magnetic therapy and their mono-effects on the quality of life of patients with chronic salpingo-oophoritis. Materials and research methods. The study included 77 patients aged 18 to 42 years (median age was 26,7±2,8 years) with a diagnosis of chronic salpingo-oophoritis of non-specific etiology. More than half of the patients (59,7%) were women under 25 years of age. All patients were divided into three groups that were comparable according to the main clinical and anamnestic data, somatic and obstetric-gynecological status: group 1 — the main group — included 28 patients who received a course of combined application of transvaginal electrophoresis of the collagenase complex and pulsed magnetic therapy; group 2 — comparison group 1 — included 25 patients who received acourse of transvaginal electrophoresis of the collagenase complex; group 3 — comparison group 2 — included 24 patients who received a course of pulsed magnetic therapy. The quality of life was assessed by the indicators of the Quality of Life Index (QOL), which takes into account the three most important and informative aspects of patients’ lives: physical condition and its dynamics, mental (psychological) health and daily functioning. The results of the study. Based on the obtained results, it was proved that the most pronounced results were achieved in patients of the main group who received a course of transvaginal electrophoresis of the collagenase complex in combination with pulsed magnetic therapy, where the quality of life improved by 89,3% according to the QOL index, compared to the monotherapy with transvaginal electrophoresis and pulsed magnetic therapy — 75,7% and 73,1%, respectively.

Anti-Fatigue Activity of Soy Isoflavones in Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 537-540
Author(s):  
Lian Hai Jin ◽  
Xing Yu Zhao ◽  
Ying Xin Qin ◽  
Wen He Zhu ◽  
Zheng Li Luo
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Swimming Test

In the present study, we investigated the anti-fatigue activity in male Kunming mice with Soy isoflavones using a forced swimming test. Mice were divided into four groups (three Soy isoflavones administered groups and a control group). The control group was gavaged with distilled water and Soy isoflavones administered groups were gavaged with Soy isoflavones (10, 20 and 40mg/10g body weight /d). After four weeks, a forced swimming test was performed and the biochemical parameters related to fatigue were examined. The results suggested that Soy isoflavones could extend the swimming time to exhaustion of the mice. This indicated that Soy isoflavones had anti-fatigue activity and could elevate the exercise tolerance.

Antidepressant-like Effect of Baccharis Ilimita in the Forced Swimming Test in Mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kikko ◽  
P. Koerich ◽  
E. Bondan ◽  
F. Nunes ◽  
M. Pizzolatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test

The aim of the present work was to investigate if flowers extract (FE) and leaf extract (LE) of Baccharis ilimita (Asteraceae) induced antidepressant-like effect. Previous phytochemical investigations have shown the presence of structurally and biogenetically diverse secondary metabolites in this gene, such as flavonoids, diterpenes and triterpenes. Male Swiss mice were injected with FE and LE (12.5; 25.0 or 50.0 mg/kg; i.p.) or saline (S) and after 30 min, they were tested in the forced swimming test (FST). The results showed that FE and LE (50 mg/kg) decreased the duration of immobility time in comparison to the control group (S: 114.8s ± 10.23; FE50: 47.52s ± 9.45; LE50: 53.36s ± 10.38). However, the 12.5 and 25.0 mg/kg doses had no effect on the immobility time in comparison to the control group. The FE and LE did not produce any change in ambulation in mice when tested in an open field. The imipramine (IMP; 15.0 mg/kg i.p.) was used as the positive control. Our results suggested that FE and LE of Baccharis ilimita presents antidepressant-like effect in mice. Such results suggest that the antidepressant-like effect may be attributed at lest partially the flavonoids or the interaction of the active(s) principle(s) present in this plant.Descritores:Baccharis ilimita. Forced swimming test. Depression. Mice.

scholarly journals Nociceptive disorders in patients with microvascular angina pectoris and patients with silent myocardial ischemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
VB Petrova ◽  
SA Boldueva ◽  
IA Leonova ◽  
AB Petrova ◽  
AI Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Silent Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flexor Reflex ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): North-western State Medical University named after I.I.Mechnikov The purpose of this study was to study the diagnostic value of the nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) method in patients with MVA and patients with silent myocardial ischemia. Materials and methods. A total of 158 people were examined, including 131 patients with ischemic heart disease and 31 healthy volunteers (control group). Patients with coronary artery disease were represented by three groups: patients with MVA - 49 people (main group), patients with angina pectoris due to atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries - 40 people (comparison group 1), patients with a diagnosis of painless myocardial ischemia (SMI) - 42 people (comparison group 2). To determine pain indicators, the method of nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) was used during electrical stimulation of the sural nerve (Nicolet Viking (USA)). Results. The coefficient (k) of pain threshold / reflex threshold (Pb / Pr) in the control group of healthy volunteers was 0.94 ± 0.01, which corresponds to the accepted norms (1-0.9) according to literature data. In the study of NFR in patients with MVA, a decrease in the pain threshold, reflex threshold and ratio (Pb / Pr) was revealed. In the MVS group, PB= 9.5 ± 0.58 mA; Pr = 12.1 ± 0.58 mA; Pb / Pr = 0.78 ± 0.02. The pain threshold in patients with MBS turned out to be statistically significantly lower in comparison with comparison group 1 and comparison group 2 and control group (p <0.01; p <0.001; p <0.001, respectively). The reflex threshold in patients with MVA is statistically significantly lower than in comparison group 1, comparison group 2 (SIM) and control group (p <0.02; p <0.001; p <0.01, respectively). In patients with angina pectoris, PB = 13.8 ± 0.31 mA; Pr = 14.8 ± 0.33 mA; Pb / Pr = 0.94 ± 0.01. In patients with SIM, PB = 24.9 ± 0.99 mA; Pr = 22.9 ± 0.79 mA; Pb / Pr = 1.2 ± 0.02. There was a significant increase in the pain threshold, reflex threshold and the pain threshold / reflex threshold ratio in the group of patients with silent myocardial ischemia compared with similar indicators in the control group, the main group and comparison group 1 (p <0.001; p <0.001; p <0.001 respectively). Conclusions. In patients with MVA compared with healthy individuals in the control group and comparison groups, there is a decrease in NFR indices, which indicates the presence of nociceptive disorders. In patients with SIM, the reflex threshold values are lower in value than the pain threshold. Thus, in patients with SIM the muscle response occurs before the onset of the subjective sensation of pain.

scholarly journals Adenylyl Cyclase (AC) Mediates the Antidepressant-Like Effects of Tropisetron on a Mouse Model of Maternal Separation Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ali Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Shakiba Nasiri Boroujeni ◽  
Elham Saghaei ◽  
Zahra Loriooini ◽  
Saeid Habibian Dehkordi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Adenylyl Cyclase ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Medicinal Properties

The adenylyl cyclase (AC) pathway is involved in the pathophysiology of depression. Finding new antidepressants with high medicinal properties and low side effects is warranted. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the antidepressant-like effect of tropisetron on a maternal separation (MS) model in mice, considering the possible role of AC. NMRI male mice were divided into eleven groups. The control group was treated with saline and MS groups were treated with saline, tropisetron (a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist) at doses of 1, 3, and 5 mg/kg; forskolin (an activator of AC) at doses of 5, 10, and 25 mg/kg; a subeffective dose of forskolin with a subeffective dose of tropisetron; and an effective dose of tropisetron plus an effective dose of NB001 (3 mg/kg) (an AC inhibitor). After treatment, animals were subjected to behavioral tests including the forced swimming test (FST), splash test, and open field test (OFT). We showed that MS caused depressive-like behaviors determined as an increase in the immobility time in the forced swimming test (FST) and decreased grooming time in the splash test. Our results showed that administration of tropisetron, as well as forskolin, mitigated the depressive-like behaviors in MS mice. We found that coadministration of a subeffective dose of tropisetron plus a subeffective dose of forskolin potentiated the antidepressant-like effect of tropisetron. However, coadministration of an effective dose of NB001 with an effective dose of tropisetron did not significantly affect the antidepressant-like effect of tropisetron. We concluded that the antidepressant-like effects of tropisetron on MS mice are partially mediated through the adenylyl cyclase pathway.

scholarly journals Antidepressant behavioral effects of duloxetine and fluoxetine in the rat forced swimming test

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Ciulla ◽  
Honório Sampaio Menezes ◽  
Bárbara Beatriz Moreira Bueno ◽  
Alexandre Schuh ◽  
Rafael José Vargas Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Swimming Test

PURPOSE: To compare the effects of the antidepressant drugs duloxetine and fluoxetine on depressive behaviors in rodents. METHODS: Eighteen male Wistar rats were given systemic injections of duloxetine, fluoxetine, or saline prior to a Forced Swimming Test (FST). Immobility and number of stops were measured. RESULTS: Rats given injections of fluoxetine displayed significantly less immobility (p = 0.02) and fewer stops than the control group (p = 0.003). Duloxetine significanlty reduced the number of stops (p = 0.003), but did not effect immobility (p = 0.48). CONCLUSION: Duloxetine and fluoxetine reduced depressive behaviors in the Forced FST. However, our findings suggest that fluoxetine is more effective than duloxetine.

scholarly journals AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY EVALUATING THE INFLUENCE OF BISPHOSPHONATES ON DEPRESSION PATTERNS IN SWISS ALBINO MICE AND WISTER RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
S. S. Torgal ◽  
Amitha N
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Suspension Test

Objective: Bisphosphonates are used for treating osteoporosis. Few studies have reported their effect on alterations in comorbid behaviour such as depression. Therefore, present study was performed to investigate the effects of bisphosphonate drugs on depression in adult male Wister rats and Swiss albino mice.Methods: The study was conducted on adult male Wister rats and Swiss albino mice, 36 of each type, equally divided into six groups. One group was classified as control group and the rest were treated as test groups. Initial photoperiod of 12 h was provided for acclimatization, prior to the start of the experiment. Drug administration was not performed in control group. Forced swimming test and tail suspension test were performed to investigate the antidepressant activity. Locomotor activity was performed to evaluate the action of drugs on the nervous system. Effects of the test drugs were compared with a standard drug—amitriptyline. Results were statistically evaluated by one-way analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test. P≤0.05 was considered significant.Results: In forced swimming test, duration of immobility was significantly reduced in the standard and test drugs when compared to control group; however, it was not significant in all the four test groups as compared to that of amitriptyline-administered group (p>0.05). In tail suspension test, significant decrease (p<0.01) in the duration of immobility was observed with administration of drugs when compared to control group. Results of test groups were not found to be significant as compared to amitriptyline-treated group (p>0.05). Mean values of amitriptyline-, alendronate-, risedronate-, ibandronate-and etidronate-treated groups failed to show significant difference (p>0.05) when compared to control group suggesting homogeneity among the groups.Conclusion: Bisphosphonates appeared to have an antidepressant activity. More extensive research is required to substantiate and elucidate the role of bisphosphonates in behavioural disorders such as depression.

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