Drought tolerance of Scots pine in diverse growth conditions on a dune estimated on the basis of carbohydrates and chlorophyll fluorescence in needles

Abstract The characteristics of the photosynthetic apparatus of coniferous growing in various forest types and climatic conditions of the Irkutsk region (Taishet, Bratsk, Shelekhov, Irkutsk districts) have been explored. The content of photosynthetic pigments, total, free, and bound water in the needles of P. sylvestris and L. sibirica were studied. Using a pulse fluorimeter PAM 2500 (Waltz, Germany), the chlorophyll fluorescence in needles was measured based on such induction curve indices as Fv/Fm, Y(II), NPQ, and ETR. According to the chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve parameters of Scots pine and Siberian larch needles growing in different forest growth conditions, the most effective potential of primary photochemical processes in PSII was observed in Scots pine. While studying the pigment fund of Scots pine and Siberian larch needles, it was found that the highest values of the content of chlorophyll (Chl) a, b, and carotenoids were observed in P. sylvestris and L. sibirica growing in the climatic and forest growth conditions of the Shelekhov district. It is assumed that the revealed characteristics of the parameters reflect the processes of adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus to various environmental conditions during vegetation development, as well as its high plasticity in different climatic growth conditions.

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Selected physical and mechanical properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood from stands of younger age classes as criteria for rational utilization of timber

BALTIC FORESTRY ◽

10.46490/bf363 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Przemysław Marcin Pikiński ◽

Jaroslav Szaban ◽

Gerda Šilingienė ◽

Robert Korzeniewicz ◽

Witold Pazdrowski

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Pinus Sylvestris ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Tree Age ◽

Coniferous Forests ◽

Forest Site ◽

Quality Coefficient

The aim of this study was to assess the quality of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood depending on the age of trees, forest site conditions and social class of tree position in the stand. Analyses were based on the determination of specific density and static bending strength, as well as the strength quality coefficient. It was to determine changes in physical and mechanical properties of timber depending on tree age as well as growth conditions reflected in the forest site such as fresh mixed coniferous forests and fresh mixed broadleaved forests. Experimental plots were established in 6 localities with 30, 40 and 60-year-old trees. In each of the stands, a 1-hectare experimental plot was established. Based on the measured DBH and tree height, dimensions of three mean sample trees were calculated, while the classification of social class of tree position in the stand developed by Kraft (1884) was also applied. Analyses were conducted on wood samples with 12% moisture content. Strength tests on wood samples were performed on an Instron 33RH204 universal strength testing machine. A detailed analysis showed properties of pine wood are improved with an increase of tree age in both forest sites. Statistically significant differences were observed for wood density and static bending strength. More advantageous properties were observed for wood of pines from the less fertile forest site, i.e., fresh mixed coniferous forests. Density and static bending strength were markedly determined by tree age and growth conditions. The static bending strength quality coefficient from pines growing in the fresh mixed coniferous forests increased between 30 and 40 years, similarly as it was for the fresh mixed broadleaved forests, while between 40 and 60 years, it deteriorated for the fresh mixed coniferous forests. Wood density from the fresh mixed coniferous forests was by 3% to 7% greater than pines growing in fresh mixed broadleaved forests. In turn, static bending strength of wood from pines growing in fresh mixed coniferous forests was by 4% to 10% greater than trees from the fresh mixed broadleaved forests. Keywords: Scots pine, wood properties, forest site, Poland

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Particulate pollutants are capable to ‘degrade’ epicuticular waxes and to decrease the drought tolerance of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/j.envpol.2013.04.041 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 184 ◽

pp. 659-667 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Juergen Burkhardt ◽

Shyam Pariyar

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Pinus Sylvestris ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Epicuticular Waxes ◽

Particulate Pollutants

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Affordable Phenotyping of Winter Wheat under Field and Controlled Conditions for Drought Tolerance

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10060882 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 882

Author(s):

Dhananjay Kumar ◽

Sandeep Kushwaha ◽

Chiara Delvento ◽

Žilvinas Liatukas ◽

Vivekanand Vivekanand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Digital Cameras ◽

Relative Growth ◽

Relative Growth Rates

Drought stress is one of the key plant stresses reducing grain yield in cereal crops worldwide. Although it is not a breeding target in Northern Europe, the changing climate and the drought of 2018 have increased its significance in the region. A key challenge, therefore, is to identify novel germplasm with higher drought tolerance, a task that will require continuous characterization of a large number of genotypes. The aim of this work was to assess if phenotyping systems with low-cost consumer-grade digital cameras can be used to characterize germplasm for drought tolerance. To achieve this goal, we built a proximal phenotyping cart mounted with digital cameras and evaluated it by characterizing 142 winter wheat genotypes for drought tolerance under field conditions. The same genotypes were additionally characterized for seedling stage traits by imaging under controlled growth conditions. The analysis revealed that under field conditions, plant biomass, relative growth rates, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from different growth stages estimated by imaging were significantly correlated to drought tolerance. Under controlled growth conditions, root count at the seedling stage evaluated by imaging was significantly correlated to adult plant drought tolerance observed in the field. Random forest models were trained by integrating measurements from field and controlled conditions and revealed that plant biomass and relative growth rates at key plant growth stages are important predictors of drought tolerance. Thus, based on the results, it can be concluded that the consumer-grade cameras can be key components of affordable automated phenotyping systems to accelerate pre-breeding for drought tolerance.

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On the economics of optimal timber production in boreal Scots pine stands

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/cjfr-2012-0494 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 43 (8) ◽

pp. 719-730 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Olli Tahvonen ◽

Sampo Pihlainen ◽

Sami Niinimäki

Keyword(s):

Interest Rates ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Rotation Period ◽

Stand Density ◽

Optimization Methods ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Maximum Sustainable Yield ◽

Pattern Search ◽

Stand Management ◽

Volume Yield

This study analyzes the optimal management of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands by applying recent developments in numerical optimization methods and forest production ecology. Our approach integrates a process-based, stand-level growth model and a detailed economic description of stand management. The variables optimized include the initial stand density, the number, timing, type, and intensity of thinnings, and the rotation period. A generalized pattern search is used to maximize the present value of net timber revenue over an infinite time horizon. The model adopts quality pricing, which takes branch size and quality into account, to differentiate among five different timber assortments. The analysis also covers five different site types. The results demonstrate the necessity of optimizing all of the management variables simultaneously. Given a low interest rate, optimized thinning significantly increases the rotation period, volume yield, and economic outcome. At higher interest rates, optimal rotation may be shortest under the least fertile growth conditions. The inclusion of a detailed price structure reveals that previous results concerning sensitivity to timber price and the relationship between maximum sustainable yield and economic solutions do not hold true in models that provide a more realistic description of forest management.

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Monitoring of the Drought Tolerance of Various Cotton Genotypes Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence

Applied Photosynthesis - New Progress ◽

10.5772/62232 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Erkin Zakhidov ◽

Sherzod Nematov ◽

Vakhobjon Kuvondikov

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Cotton Genotypes

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COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS OF DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN WHEAT OVER DIFFERENT WATER REGIMES

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.48.2000.4.5 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 353-361 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

E. Farshadfar ◽

M. Farshadfar ◽

J. Sutka

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Combining Ability Analysis ◽

Rainfed Conditions ◽

Relative Water

To study the properties of some drought tolerance criteria and agronomic characters in wheat, an eight-parental diallel cross, excluding reciprocals, was grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications under two different water regimes (irrigated and rainfed) for two years in the College of Agriculture at Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. High broad-sense heritability estimates were observed for harvest index, grain yield, and earliness. Additive gene action was found to be predominant for grain yield, harvest index, relative water content and chlorophyll fluorescence. The results of combining ability analysis revealed that Plainsman was the best general combiner and Plainsman × Kobomugi was the best specific combination for improving drought tolerance. The pooled analysis of variance for combining ability over rainfed conditions reflected that the GCA × environment interaction was not significant for harvest index and chlorophyll fluorescence, and the SCA × environment interaction was non-significant for relative water content and relative water loss, indicating that genes controlling osmoregulation and the other physiological traits mentioned are not affected in these varieties by different rainfed conditions and hence show static stability.

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