scholarly journals The knit on demand supply chain

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Larsson ◽  
Joel Peterson ◽  
Heikki Mattila
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Customer Demand ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Inventory Turnover ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Manufacturing Stage

The knit on demand supply chain As customers’ tastes become more differentiated, so must companies’ offerings evolve. The demand for variety may soon become unmanageable, and several companies are addressing this trend by adopting a system of mass customization. One project, Knit on Demand, has been conducted by the Swedish School of Textiles in close collaboration with a knitting company and a retailer of tailored fashion in Stockholm. Production and sales of customized products pose logistical challenges for the companies involved, including the one-piece flow through almost the entire supply chain and the demand for short lead times in an otherwise slow environment, adding to the cost of manufacturing mass customized garments. Customization has logistical benefits such as minimised inventory; hence, high inventory turnover and the possibility of fast response to meet customer demand. The Knit on Demand concept can be considered as leagile because it comprises both lean and agile components. It is lean in the manufacturing stage upstream and agile downstream to better respond to customer demand on the market.

scholarly journals Optimal Strategies for CLSC considering Supply Disruption and Carbon Tax

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Lin Tong ◽  
Kuan Yang ◽  
Wei-Jin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Supply Disruption ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

Under the background of economic globalization, supply chain is becoming more and more complex, which is manifested in the instability of external environment. On the one hand, with the improvement of global environmental protection awareness, the government's policy tools for environmental impact (carbon tax) on the whole supply chain have become one of the major external problems faced by the supply chain enterprises; on the other hand, the intensification of competition between upstream and downstream in supply chains makes supply disruption an important proposition to be solved urgently. In this paper, the two propositions of green and supply disruption are reduced to two factors affecting the cost. The average total cost function of the manufacturer as a recycler is established. The practicability of the algorithm and the effectiveness of the model are verified by Lingo, Particle Swarm Optimization, and Genetic Algorithm, with the purpose of obtaining the optimal strategies for manufacturers who play the role of the recycler in the closed-loop supply chain.

scholarly journals Choosing a logistics supply chain on the basis of opportunity cost

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
John Vogt ◽  
Wessel Pienaar
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Logistics Cost ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Cost Factors

The total logistics cost (TLC) is the traditional expenditure-approach method of calculating the logistics cost of a supply chain as the goods are moved from the source to the end destination. This method uses the sum of all expenditure associated with the movement of goods (i.e. transport and handling), in-transit storage of goods and the generation of information to enable these movements to occur. As logistics chains become more complex and longer, calculating the TLC becomes increasingly difficult. The question that this paper answers is how to define and calculate the four logistics supply chain economic, or opportunity, cost factors of (1) physical movement (i.e. transport and handling); (2) in-transit cost of holding the stock while not available to the end customer; (3) the cost of the information needed to enable the movement; and (4) the effect of the reliability of the logistics chain on the safety stock. A practical method is developed whereby the TLC, incorporating these four aspects, is shown for a hypothetical movement. The costs highlight the total logistics opportunity cost (TLOC) for a multiple-leg voyage and the costs associated with all four aspects of the movement. The most attractive logistics supply chain would be the one with the lowest TLOC, and the choice can be made with confidence, as it incorporates the full economic logistics cost of the chain. (‘Economic cost’ and ‘opportunity cost’ are terms used synonymously in this work.)

scholarly journals Collaborative Innovation with Dynamic Incentive Contracts in a Supply Chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Yifei Hao ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Hong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Incentive Contracts ◽  
Retail Price ◽  
Incentive Contract ◽  
Dynamic Setting ◽  
Stackelberg Differential Game ◽  
Collaborative Innovation ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

The collection and sharing of consumers’ knowledge by retailers can help manufacturers improve the innovation level of products, thereby improving the performance of supply chain. However, due to the cost of collecting consumers’ knowledge, the wholesale price contract can no longer coordinate supply chain members effectively. It is necessary to study the problem how the retailers are encouraged to make more efforts for the cooperative innovation with manufacturers. This paper introduces two dynamic incentive contracts for improving collaborative innovation level in a two-player supply chain, and the impacts of these contracts on supply chain’s performance are investigated, by using a Stackelberg differential game model. The manufacturer, as a Stackelberg leader, determines the R&D investment while the retailer is responsible for the retail price and the efforts in collection of the consumer’s information (or preference) to the products. The model incorporates a wholesale price contract and two incentive contracts to better understand how the manufacturer can facilitate the retailer’s efforts in the collection of consumer’s information and increase the profits of the members of supply chain. Our results suggest that the optimal profit of the supply chain, the retailer’s efforts in the collection of consumer’s knowledge, the retail price, and the innovation level under the reward incentive contract are higher than their counterparts in other contracts. In particular, the retailer’s optimal effort under the reward incentive contract is even higher than the one in the centralized decision scenario. However, if the manufacturer commits an effort target to the retailer, it shows that the retailer’s optimal effort is independent of the target. The manufacturer’s optimal R&D investments are constants in the three contracts under the dynamic setting. Furthermore, numerical simulations show that the effort target has little impact on profits of the supply chain although it affects the decision making of supply chain members to some extent, whereas the retailer’s marginal reward offered by the manufacturer influences the innovation level of product and the supply chain’s profit significantly.

scholarly journals Manufacturing/remanufacturing based supply chain management under advertisements and carbon emission process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash Kumar ◽  
Meenu Sigroha ◽  
Kamal Kumar ◽  
Biswajit Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Product Demand ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Supply Chain Model ◽  
Demand Rate ◽  
The Cost

One of the most successful ways to get the word out about a product's popularity across all types of customers is through advertising. It has a valuable direct influence on increasing product demand. The supply chain model is developed for manufacturer and retailer, where advertisements are dependent on demand. The advertisement rate has been considered a function that has enhanced at a diminishing rate concerning time, although the growth rate slowed. During the manufacturing cycle, the market's demand is a function of advertisement, and the customer's demand is a linear function of time. The production rate exceeds the demand rate during manufacturing and remanufacturing; shortages are not faced. It involves a manufacturing/remanufacturing process that quickly delivers consumer products and less waste. To keep the environment clean, the cost of carbon emissions is incorporated into the manufacturer's and supplier's holding and degrading costs. The model's primary purpose is to minimize the overall cost of manufacturing and remanufacturing. The overall cost during the manufacturing cycle is higher than that during the remanufacturing cycle. This study confirms that the increasing cost of advertising provides the continuous increasing value of the total cost. A numerical example is provided, graphical representation and sensitivity analysis determine the function's behavior and test the model.

scholarly journals Learning from Royal Shell’s Logistics and Supply Chain Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
AbdulGhani Gaghman
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Organization Performance ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Cost Planning ◽  
Royal Dutch Shell ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The study is conducted to analysis the supply chain management paying special attention to the logistics. The aim is to understand the impact of logistics on organization performance, also to help in identifying opportunities for cost/time removals and/or value adding along the supply chain. The company chosen for the study is Royal Dutch Shell Plc. As Shell is the one of the big-gest Oil and Gas Company known in the world and one of the leaders of logistic and supply chain management.  Though Shell is working efficiently for providing customers with quality services still there are is-sues with the supply chain which should be taken care of in order to be much better. These factors grouped in Control the Cost, Planning and Risk Management, Suppliers/Owners Relationship Management. Study concluded with some suggestions can be adopted by any organization aiming for better performance in supply chain.

Logistics service characteristics and supply chain priorities for freight management

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Alberto Durán Encalada ◽  
François Bernard Duhamel
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Logistics Service ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
Logistics Service Providers ◽  
Logistics Services ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Supply Chain Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how the type of logistics services required by firms is related to the freight characteristics, and to the cost and other dimensions of the services in Mexico. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted an exploratory study using Anova analysis and correlations, on the basis of a sample of 266 freight movements in Mexico, in order to test two main hypotheses. Findings The authors found an association between some logistics services, according to their level of customization, with the freight characteristics, and a positive relation of those customized services with security and reliability, on the one hand, and a negative relation with cost of the services, on the other hand. Research limitations/implications Size of the sample and some subjective measures of logistics services performance. Practical implications For shipping companies to be aware of existing limitations of Mexican logistics service providers in relation to customizing their services and the attributes associated with these services. This knowledge will contribute to firms' better planning of their freight movements. Originality/value Authors extend the supply chain analysis considering logistics variables variables such as freight characteristics, logistics services requirements, and the firms’ priorities for contracting these services, such as cost and other attributes.

Learning from Royal Shell’s Logistics and Supply Chain Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
AbdulGhani Gaghman
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Organization Performance ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Cost Planning ◽  
Royal Dutch Shell ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The study is conducted to analysis the supply chain management paying special attention to the logistics. The aim is to understand the impact of logistics on organization performance, also to help in identifying opportunities for cost/time removals and/or value adding along the supply chain. The company chosen for the study is Royal Dutch Shell Plc. As Shell is the one of the big-gest Oil and Gas Company known in the world and one of the leaders of logistic and supply chain management.  Though Shell is working efficiently for providing customers with quality services still there are is-sues with the supply chain which should be taken care of in order to be much better. These factors grouped in Control the Cost, Planning and Risk Management, Suppliers/Owners Relationship Management. Study concluded with some suggestions can be adopted by any organization aiming for better performance in supply chain.

PERFORMANCE OF MICRO-INJECTOR WITH INNER BLOCK FOR DROP ON DEMAND APPLICATIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 1373-1376
Author(s):  
MUH-RONG WANG ◽  
TZONG-SHYNG LEU ◽  
YI-JUN SHEN ◽  
WEI-LUNG WENG
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Actuator ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Driving Frequency ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Micro Nozzle ◽  
Drop On Demand ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The One ◽  
Instability Energy ◽  
Better Than

This paper investigates the characteristics of a piezoelectric micro-injector for drop-on-demand (DOD) applications. The micro-injector is designed with an inner block inside the chamber to enhance the instability energy for the production of mono-size droplet. The micro-nozzle was fabricated by MEMS processes. The upper chip is a silicon chip with two holes as the inlet and outlet of the liquid matter. A diaphragm is mounted on the center of the upper chip. The lower chip has an orifice of 50µm in diameter. The flow through the chamber is used to promote the refilling mechanism for droplet generation. A piezoelectric actuator operated in push mode (D33) was mounted on the upper chip to drive the liquid through the nozzle. An inner block is designed on the inner side of the upper chip. Results show that the micro-injector with inner block could generate mono-size droplet under the driving voltage ranging from 62.5 to 150 volt at frequency of 3.2 kHz. The droplets size was 60µm with velocity ranging from 3.3 to 4.7 m/s which is higher than the case without inner block. As a comparison, the injection of the micro-injector without inner block needs a much higher driving voltage of 112.5 volt at driving frequency of 9.7kHz. It is concluded that the micro-injector with the inner block performs better than the one without the inner block.

scholarly journals Discrete Switched Model and Fuzzy Robust Control of Dynamic Supply Chain Network

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songtao Zhang ◽  
Chunyang Zhang ◽  
Siqi Zhang ◽  
Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Fuzzy Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Supply Chain Network ◽  
Customer Demand ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fuzzy Control Strategy

Supply chain network is more complex and dynamic under the uncertain demand and the lead time. Robustness is a key index of the stable operation for the supply chain network. We investigate a fuzzy robust strategy to realize the robust operation of the supply chain network with the production lead times and the ordering lead times under the uncertain customer demand. A discrete switched model of the dynamic supply chain network with the lead times and the uncertain customer demand is established based on T-S fuzzy systems. Then a fuzzy switched strategy is proposed to control the switching actions among subsystems. Furthermore, by introducing the inhibition rate γ, a fuzzy control strategy for the dynamic supply chain network is put forward to suppress the impacts of the lead times and the uncertain customer demand on the operation of the dynamic supply chain network. The fuzzy robust strategy composed of the fuzzy switched strategy and the fuzzy control strategy can guarantee the robust operation of the supply chain network at low cost. Finally, the simulation researches show the advantage of the proposed fuzzy robust strategy through the comparisons with the common robust strategy.

Inventory optimization considering the vehicle capacity and specifics of cash flows at rental storage sites

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
V.D. Gerami ◽  
I.G. Shidlovskii
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Cargo Capacity ◽  
Special Modification ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Vehicle Capacity

The article presents a special modification of the EOQ formula and its application to the accounting of the cargo capacity factor for the relevant procedures for optimizing deliveries when renting storage facilities. The specified development will allow managers to take into account the following process specifics in the format of a simulated supply chain when managing inventory. First of all, it will allow considering the most important factor of cargo capacity when optimizing stocks. Moreover, this formula will make it possible to find the optimal strategy for the supply of goods if, also, it is necessary to take into account the combined effect of several factors necessary for practice, which will undoubtedly affect decision-making procedures. Here we are talking about the need for additional consideration of the following essential attributes of the simulated cash flow of the supply chain: 1) time value of money; 2) deferral of payment of the cost of the order; 3) pre-agreed allowable delays in the receipt of revenue from goods sold. Developed analysis and optimization procedures have been implemented to models of this type that are interesting and important for a business. This — inventory management systems, the format of which is related to the special concept of efficient supply. We are talking about models where the presence of the specified delays for the outgoing cash flows allows you to pay for the order and the corresponding costs of the supply chain from the corresponding revenue on the re-order interval. Accordingly, the necessary and sufficient conditions are established based on which managers will be able to identify models of the specified type. The purpose of the article is to draw the attention of managers to real opportunities to improve the efficiency of inventory management systems by taking into account these factors for a simulated supply chain.

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