IoT and EU Law – E-Human Security

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Alexandru Tăbuşcă ◽  
Silvia-Maria Tăbuşcă ◽  
Gabriel Garais
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Iot Devices

Abstract The new realities brought on us by the growing usage of IoT devices should be paralleled by new sets of paradigms and regulations, in order to not only accomplish the raise in the living standards of people but also to increase their level of human security. The IoT devices, as well as, in whole, the virtually completely internet connected society we live in today, need strong and clear rules and regulations, need laws that can help maintain and improve the cyber-security level. While being able to electronically track one’s children, by a multitude of IoT and other electronic devices, it is a great and useful feature we have to take into account that the same information, now shared over the internet, might also get into the wrong hands and lead to unpleasant or even dangerous situations.

Synchrophasor Technology for Cyber Security in Smart Grid

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 436 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Thangarathinam ◽  
N Suganya ◽  
T Praddeep ◽  
S Vignesh
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Circuit Breakers ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Security Practices ◽  
Opening And Closing

Smart grid is controlled by an authority personnel who uses LAN or the internet to control it. By knowing this information any one from outside can control the smart grid using LAN or the internet. This process of hacking the smart grid control is known as aurora attack. The Aurora attack may pose a risk to rotating machinery operating under certain conditions on the electrical grid. The Aurora attack involves opening and closing one or more circuit breakers, resulting in an out-of-synchronism condition that may damage rotating equipment connected to the power grid.This paper focuses on the Aurora attack on a synchronous generator and the existing technology available to mitigate the attack. The root cause of the vulnerability is breakdown in security. The first level prevents the attack with sound security practices. The second level protects the equipment in the event that the security level is compromised. The equipment can be protected using wide-area synchronized phasor measurement and protection system and security considerations.

scholarly journals Cyber Crime, Cyber Space and Effects of Cyber Crime

2021 ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
Sunil. C. Pawar ◽  
R. S. Mente ◽  
Bapu. D. Chendage
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Virtual Object ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Cyber Crime ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Security Software ◽  
Cyber Space ◽  
Exchange Data

Cyberspace is a domain that uses the electronic and electromagnetic spectrum to store, modify, and exchange data through network and system-related physical infrastructures. Cyberspace is an endless space known as the Internet. Computer transactions, especially transactions between different computers, can be viewed as a space. Images and text on the Internet exist in cyberspace. The term is used in conjunction with virtual reality, giving the name of the imaginary place where a virtual object exists. If a computer creates a picture of a building that allows the architect to "walk in" and see what the nature of a design is, the building is said to be in cyberspace.Cybercrime is a series of organized criminal attack cyberspace and cyber security. Cybercrime such as Hacking into computer,this can be through a network system and clicking on unfamiliar links connecting to unrecognized Wi-Fi, downloading software and files to unsafe sites, consuming energy, electromagnetic radiation waves, and more. Cyber security is a serious problem and must be taken seriously as it has become a national concern. Currently, most electronic devices such as computers, laptops and cell phones come with built-in firewall security software, but even so, computers are not 100 percent accurate and reliable in protecting our data.

IoT and Cyber Security

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-235
Author(s):  
Keyurbhai Arvindbhai Jani ◽  
Nirbhay Chaubey
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Smart Objects ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) connects different IoT smart objects around people to make their life easier by connecting them with the internet, which leads IoT environments vulnerable to many attacks. This chapter has few main objectives: to understand basics of IoT; different types of attacks possible in IoT; and prevention steps to secure IoT environment at some extent. Therefore, this chapter is mainly divided into three parts. In first part discusses IoT devices and application of it; the second part is about cyber-attacks possible on IoT environments; and in the third part is discussed prevention and recommendation steps to avoid damage from different attacks.

CYBER SECURITY AND INTERNET OF THINGS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saad ◽  
Tariq Rahim Soomro
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Vital Part ◽  
Privacy Threats ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
And Storage ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Internet has become a vital part of our lives. The number of Internet connected devices are increasing every day and approximate there will be 34 billion IoT devices by 2020. It is observed that security is very weak in these devices and can be easily compromised by hackers as some manufactures failed to implement basic security. Current devices use standards that are easy to implement and works for most forms of communications and storage. There is no such standard solution that will work on every device within the Internet of Things, because of the varied constraints between different devices; resulting in classifications within the Internet of Things. This study addresses security challenges in the Internet of Things (IoT); first will discuss the IoT evolution, architecture and its applications in industries. Further, classify and examine privacy threats, including survey, and pointing out the challenges that need to be overcome to ensure that the Internet of Things becomes a reality.

scholarly journals Definition of Internet of Things (IoT) Cyber Risk – Discussion on a Transformation Roadmap for Standardisation of Regulations, Risk Maturity, Strategy Design and Impact Assessment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petar Radanliev ◽  
David De Roure ◽  
Jason R.C. Nurse ◽  
Pete Burnap ◽  
Eirini Anthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Target State ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cyber Risk ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet-of-Things (IoT) enables enterprises to obtain profits from data but triggers data protection questions and new types of cyber risk. Cyber risk regulations for the IoT however do not exist. The IoT risk is not included in the cyber security assessment standards, hence, often not visible to cyber security experts. This is concerning, because companies integrating IoT devices and services need to perform a self-assessment of its IoT cyber security posture. The outcome of such self-assessment needs to define a current and target state, prior to creating a transformation roadmap outlining tasks to achieve the stated target state. In this article, a comparative empirical analysis is performed of multiple cyber risk assessment approaches, to define a high-level potential target state for company integrating IoT devices and/or services. Defining a high-level potential target state represent is followed by a high-level transformation roadmap, describing how company can achieve their target state, based on their current state. The transformation roadmap is used to adapt IoT risk impact assessment with a Goal-Oriented Approach and the Internet of Things Micro Mart model.

scholarly journals IoT Modes of Operations with Different Security Key Management Techniques: A Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-651
Author(s):  
Samah Mohamed ◽  
Ayman M. Hassan ◽  
Heba K. Aslan
Keyword(s):  
Key Management ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Modes Of Operation ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
System Mode ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The internet of things (IoT) has provided a promising opportunity to build powerful systems and applications. Security is the main concern in IoT applications due to the privacy of exchanged data using limited resources of IoT devices (sensors/actuators). In this paper, we present a classification of IoT modes of operation based on the distribution of IoT devices, connectivity to the internet, and the typical field of application. It has been found that the majority of IoT services can be classified into one of four IoT modes: gateway, device to device, collaborative, and centralized. The management of either public or symmetric keys is essential for providing security. In the present paper, we survey different key management protocols concerning IoT, which we further allocate in a map table. The map table is a link between modes of operation and the associated security key management elements. The main target of this mapping table is to help designers select the optimum security technique that provides the best balance between the required security level and IoT system mode constraints.

Bringing Security to The Smallest Embedded Systems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH YIU
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Iot Devices

The increasing need for security in microcontrollers Security has long been a significant challenge in microcontroller applications(MCUs). Traditionally, many microcontroller systems did not have strong security measures against remote attacks as most of them are not connected to the Internet, and many microcontrollers are deemed to be cheap and simple. With the growth of IoT (Internet of Things), security in low cost microcontrollers moved toward the spotlight and the security requirements of these IoT devices are now just as critical as high-end systems due to:

Solving the Internet Jurisdiction Puzzle

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Jerker B. Svantesson
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Reform Initiatives ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Privacy Law ◽  
History Of

Internet jurisdiction has emerged as one of the greatest and most urgent challenges online, severely affecting areas as diverse as e-commerce, data privacy, law enforcement, content take-downs, cloud computing, e-health, Cyber security, intellectual property, freedom of speech, and Cyberwar. In this innovative book, Professor Svantesson presents a vision for a new approach to Internet jurisdiction––for both private international law and public international law––based on sixteen years of research dedicated specifically to the topic. The book demonstrates that our current paradigm remains attached to a territorial thinking that is out of sync with our modern world, especially, but not only, online. Having made the claim that our adherence to the territoriality principle is based more on habit than on any clear and universally accepted legal principles, Professor Svantesson advances a new jurisprudential framework for how we approach jurisdiction. He also proposes several other reform initiatives such as the concept of ‘investigative jurisdiction’ and an approach to geo-blocking, aimed at equipping us to solve the Internet jurisdiction puzzle. In addition, the book provides a history of Internet jurisdiction, and challenges our traditional categorisation of different types of jurisdiction. It places Internet jurisdiction in a broader context and outlines methods for how properly to understand and work with rules of Internet jurisdiction. While Solving the Internet Puzzle paints a clear picture of the concerns involved and the problems that needs to be overcome, this book is distinctly aimed at finding practical solutions anchored in a solid theoretical framework.

scholarly journals Practical Cross-Layer Radio Frequency-Based Authentication Scheme for Internet of Things

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4034
Author(s):  
Arie Haenel ◽  
Yoram Haddad ◽  
Maryline Laurent ◽  
Zonghua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Iot Devices

The Internet of Things world is in need of practical solutions for its security. Existing security mechanisms for IoT are mostly not implemented due to complexity, budget, and energy-saving issues. This is especially true for IoT devices that are battery powered, and they should be cost effective to be deployed extensively in the field. In this work, we propose a new cross-layer approach combining existing authentication protocols and existing Physical Layer Radio Frequency Fingerprinting technologies to provide hybrid authentication mechanisms that are practically proved efficient in the field. Even though several Radio Frequency Fingerprinting methods have been proposed so far, as a support for multi-factor authentication or even on their own, practical solutions are still a challenge. The accuracy results achieved with even the best systems using expensive equipment are still not sufficient on real-life systems. Our approach proposes a hybrid protocol that can save energy and computation time on the IoT devices side, proportionally to the accuracy of the Radio Frequency Fingerprinting used, which has a measurable benefit while keeping an acceptable security level. We implemented a full system operating in real time and achieved an accuracy of 99.8% for the additional cost of energy, leading to a decrease of only ~20% in battery life.

scholarly journals Next Generation of SDN in Cloud-Fog for 5G and Beyond-Enabled Applications: Opportunities and Challenges

Network ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-49
Author(s):  
Ehsan Ahvar ◽  
Shohreh Ahvar ◽  
Syed Mohsan Raza ◽  
Jose Manuel Sanchez Vilchez ◽  
Gyu Myoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Hybrid Cloud ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Delay Constraints ◽  
Mission Critical ◽  
Iot Devices

In recent years, the number of objects connected to the internet have significantly increased. Increasing the number of connected devices to the internet is transforming today’s Internet of Things (IoT) into massive IoT of the future. It is predicted that, in a few years, a high communication and computation capacity will be required to meet the demands of massive IoT devices and applications requiring data sharing and processing. 5G and beyond mobile networks are expected to fulfill a part of these requirements by providing a data rate of up to terabits per second. It will be a key enabler to support massive IoT and emerging mission critical applications with strict delay constraints. On the other hand, the next generation of software-defined networking (SDN) with emerging cloudrelated technologies (e.g., fog and edge computing) can play an important role in supporting and implementing the above-mentioned applications. This paper sets out the potential opportunities and important challenges that must be addressed in considering options for using SDN in hybrid cloud-fog systems to support 5G and beyond-enabled applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document