scholarly journals Estimation of Run Up and Arrival Time of Tsunami in Bali Region Based on TOAST Simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Diah Satria Purnama ◽  
I.B. Alit Paramarta ◽  
Muh. Soekarno Saputra Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Arrival Time ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Observation Area ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Earthquake Potential

Bali Island is an area that is flanked by two zones of earthquake potential to cause a tsunami. In this study produced the estimated tsunami heights (run up) and the tsunami arrival times (ETA) by simulating a tsunami with some magnitude variety of the earthquake using software called TOAST. The estimation is obtained by making a scenario of earthquake from parameters of earthquakes that have occurred and raised tsunami on the Bali Island as a reference. The observation area is in some coastal areas of Bali Island. The maximum value of run up is between 21.16 m to 55.6 m with tsunami arrival time is between 120 minutes to less than 15 minutes after an earthquake with 9.6 SR of magnitude. The area around Kuta Beach Badung is an area with high potential for run up.

scholarly journals Analysis of Tsunami Wave Height, Run-up, and Inundation in The Coastal of Blitar and Malang Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 936 (1) ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
Haryo Dwito Armono ◽  
Adryanto Rama Putra ◽  
Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Arrival Time ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Tsunami Height ◽  
Earthquake Parameters ◽  
Tectonic Plates ◽  
The People ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Earthquake Potential ◽  
Large Earthquakes ◽  
Maximum Tsunami Height

Abstract Indonesia is an archipelago located at the meeting point of 3 tectonic plates which constantly collide over time, the energy due to the collision will accumulate and be able to cause large earthquakes that can generate tsunamis. The island of Java is in the subduction zone of these plates, which causes the southern part of Java to have a high earthquake potential. On April 10, 2021, an earthquake measuring M 6.1 occurred in the south of Blitar and Malang. This earthquake was felt by most of the people of East Java, If the earthquake is large enough, it can cause a tsunami on the southern coast of East Java. Therefore, modeling was carried out using the FLOW module of Delft3D software while using earthquake parameters with a strength of M 9.1 which is the worst possible scenario on the southern coast of East Java. The results of this study indicate the fastest tsunami arrival time is 21 minutes, the highest maximum tsunami height is 20 meters, the highest run-up reaches 17,5 meters, and the furthest inundation reaches 765 meters along the southern coast of Blitar and Malang Regency.

scholarly journals Detection of specific areas and densities for ultrasound tomography

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Victoria Erofeeva ◽  
Vasilisa Galyamina ◽  
Kseniya Gonta ◽  
Anna Leonova ◽  
Oleg Granichin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Reconstruction ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Ultrasound Tomography ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Imaging Reconstruction ◽  
Tomography Data

In this paper we consider the problem of ultrasound tomography. Recently, an increased interest in ultrasound tomography has been caused by non-invasiveness of the method and increased detection accuracy (as compared to radiation tomography), and also ultrasound tomography does not put at risk human health. We study possibilities of detection of specific areas and determining their density using ultrasound tomography data. The process of image reconstruction based on ultrasound data is computationally complex and time consuming. It contains the following parts: calculation of the time-of-flight (TOF) of a signal, detection of specific areas, calculation of density of specific areas. The calculation of the arrival time of a signal is a very important part, because the errors in the calculation of quantities strongly influence the total problem solution. We offer ultrasound imaging reconstruction technology that can be easily parallelized. The whole process is described: from extracting the arrival times of signals raw data feeding from physical receivers to obtaining the desired results.

scholarly journals Post-event field survey of 28 September 2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2781-2794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Widiyanto ◽  
Purwanto B. Santoso ◽  
Shih-Chun Hsiao ◽  
Rudy T. Imananta
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Tsunami Waves ◽  
Tsunami Measurements ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Earthquake Event ◽  
Run Up ◽  
2018 Sulawesi Earthquake ◽  
Made In

Abstract. An earthquake with a magnitude of Mw=7.5 that occurred in Sulawesi, Indonesia, on 28 September 2018 triggered liquefaction and tsunamis that caused severe damage and many casualties. This paper reports the results of a post-tsunami field survey conducted by a team with members from Indonesia and Taiwan that began 13 d after the earthquake. The main purpose of this survey was to measure the run-up of tsunami waves and inundation and observe the damage caused by the tsunami. Measurements were made in 18 selected sites, most in Palu Bay. The survey results show that the run-up height and inundation distance reached 10.7 m in Tondo and 488 m in Layana. Inundation depths of 2 to 4 m were common at most sites and the highest was 8.4 m in Taipa. The arrival times of the tsunami waves were quite short and different for each site, typically about 3–8 min from the time of the main earthquake event. This study also describes the damage to buildings and infrastructure and coastal landslides.

scholarly journals On optimal periodic dividend and capital injection strategies for spectrally negative Lévy models

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1272-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Noba ◽  
José-Luis Pérez ◽  
Kazutoshi Yamazaki ◽  
Kouji Yano
Keyword(s):  
Arrival Time ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Classical Sense ◽  
Capital Injection ◽  
Dividend Payments ◽  
Poisson Arrival ◽  
Optimal Dividend ◽  
Injection Strategies

Abstract De Finetti’s optimal dividend problem has recently been extended to the case when dividend payments can be made only at Poisson arrival times. In this paper we consider the version with bail-outs where the surplus must be nonnegative uniformly in time. For a general spectrally negative Lévy model, we show the optimality of a Parisian-classical reflection strategy that pays the excess above a given barrier at each Poisson arrival time and also reflects from below at 0 in the classical sense.

Joint microseismic event location and anisotropic velocity inversion with the cross double-difference method using downhole microseismic data

Geophysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. KS63-KS73
Author(s):  
Yangyang Ma ◽  
Congcong Yuan ◽  
Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Arrival Time ◽  
Velocity Model ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Double Difference ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Monitoring Well ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Microseismic Event ◽  
Wave Arrival

We have applied the cross double-difference (CDD) method to simultaneously determine the microseismic event locations and five Thomsen parameters in vertically layered transversely isotropic media using data from a single vertical monitoring well. Different from the double-difference (DD) method, the CDD method uses the cross-traveltime difference between the S-wave arrival time of one event and the P-wave arrival time of another event. The CDD method can improve the accuracy of the absolute locations and maintain the accuracy of the relative locations because it contains more absolute information than the DD method. We calculate the arrival times of the qP, qSV, and SH waves with a horizontal slowness shooting algorithm. The sensitivities of the arrival times with respect to the five Thomsen parameters are derived using the slowness components. The derivations are analytical, without any weak anisotropic approximation. The input data include the cross-differential traveltimes and absolute arrival times, providing better constraints on the anisotropic parameters and event locations. The synthetic example indicates that the method can produce better event locations and anisotropic velocity model. We apply this method to the field data set acquired from a single vertical monitoring well during a hydraulic fracturing process. We further validate the anisotropic velocity model and microseismic event locations by comparing the modeled and observed waveforms. The observed S-wave splitting also supports the inverted anisotropic results.

scholarly journals The Astrometric Possibilities of Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry

1986 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
D. S. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Plane Wave ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Very Long Baseline Interferometry ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Sources

In the application of Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) to astrometric problems the fundamental observable is the difference in the arrival times of a wavefront at two widely separated receiving stations. Since the radio sources being observed are sufficiently distant that the arriving wavefront can be considered to be a plane wave, the differential arrival time is a measure of the component of the baseline in the direction of the source. Equivalently, if the baseline is known, the differential arrival time is sufficient to determine a circle on the sky containing the source. It is easy to show that a minimum of ten observations distributed among three different sources is sufficient to determine all of the source coordinates and the baseline coordinates simultaneously (Robertson, 1975).

scholarly journals Periodic Changes in Intensity and Arrival Time of Pulses from the Vela Pulsar: Evidence for Free Precession?

1996 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 101-102
Author(s):  
A.A. Deshpande ◽  
P.M. McCulloch
Keyword(s):  
Arrival Time ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Free Precession ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Vela Pulsar ◽  
Observed Behaviour ◽  
Pulse Arrival ◽  
Periodic Changes

We present dual-frequency measurements on the Vela pulsar with a view to study the slow variations in the pulsed flux and the apparent differences in the pulse arrival times. We examine the data for correlated variations between the pulse intensities and arrival times at the two frequencies and discuss two main possibilities in order to explain the observed behaviour.The data presented here consists of a) Pulse intensities, S635& S950, at S635& S950MHz respectively and b) the ‘residual’ differences in the time of arrival of the pulse at the lower frequency, ΔTOA, with respect to that at the higher frequency. These data, over a span of ~1300 days (during 1988-92), were obtained as a part of the routine monitoring of the Vela pulsar from Mt. Pleasant Observatory of University of Tasmania, Hobart (see McCullochet al. 1990).

scholarly journals Identifying Critical Input Parameters for Improving Drag-Based CME Arrival Time Predictions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Kay
Keyword(s):  
Arrival Time ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Angular Width ◽  
Ensemble Modeling ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Average Strength ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Observational Uncertainty ◽  
Input Parameters

<p>Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) typically cause the strongest geomagnetic storms so a major focus of space weather research has been predicting the arrival time of CMEs. Most arrival time models fall into two categories: (1) drag-based models that integrate the drag force between a simplified CME structure and the background solar wind and (2) full magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models. Drag-based models typically are much more computationally efficient than MHD models, allowing for ensemble modeling. While arrival time predictions have improved since the earliest attempts,both types of models currently have difficulty achieving mean absolute errors below 10 hours. Here we use a drag-based model ANTEATR to explore the sensitivity of arrival times to various input parameters. We consider CMEs of different strengths from average to extreme size, speed, and mass (kinetic energies between 9x10^29 and 6x10^32 erg). For each scale CME we vary the input parameters to reflect the current observational uncertainty in each and determine how accurately each must be known to achieve predictions that are accurate within 5 hours. We find that different scale CMEs are the most sensitive to different parameters. The transit time of average strength CMEs depends most strongly on the CME speed whereas an extreme strength CME is the most sensitive to the angular width. A precise CME direction is critical for impacts near the flanks, but not near the CME nose. We also show that the Drag Based Model has similar sensitivities, suggesting that these results are representative for all drag-based models.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Study on Analytical Modelling of Tsunami Wave Propagation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Regina M ◽  
Syed Mohamed E
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Tsunami Wave ◽  
Wave Train ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The People ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Tsunami Amplitude

Modelling of tsunami wave propagation plays a vital role in forecasting of disastrous tsunami. The earlier identification and prediction of tsunami provides more time for taking preventive measures and evacuation. On December 26, 2004, massive destruction of lives and properties due to tsunami increases the needs to develop a fast and accurate modelling of tsunami wave propagation. The modelling of waves provide the amplitude of tsunami, speed, arrival time and power of the wall of water and also run up distance and height. It also used to predict vulnerable buildings to tsunami. In this paper describes the modelling of tsunami wave propagation from generation to run-up. Numerical and analytical methods used for modelling and simulation. Tsunami is serious of wave (wave train) which has a long wavelength >500 km and celerity of wave more than 800 km/hr in deep ocean and in shallow coast, their wavelength and celerity diminishes but the amplitude of wave increases above 30m. The scope of this study is to determine the areas which are going to hit by tsunami, amplitude of wave and their arrival time for early forecasting and alert the people within a short time after an earthquake happened.

scholarly journals Front propagation and arrival times in networks with application to neurodegenerative diseases

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prama Setia Putra ◽  
Hadrien Oliveri ◽  
Travis B Thompson ◽  
Alain Goriely
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Front Propagation ◽  
Small Concentration ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Toxic Protein ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Analytical Complexity

Many physical, epidemiological, or physiological dynamical processes on networks support front-like propagation, where an initial localized perturbation grows and systematically invades all nodes in the network. A key question is then to extract estimates for the dynamics. In particular, if a single node is seeded at a small concentration, when will other nodes reach the same initial concentration? Here, motivated by the study of toxic protein propagation in neurodegenerative diseases, we present and compare three different estimates for the arrival time in order of increasing analytical complexity: the linear arrival time, obtained by linearizing the underlying system; the Lambert time, obtained by considering the interaction of two nodes; and the nonlinear arrival time, obtained by asymptotic techniques. We use the classic Fisher-Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piskunov equation as a paradigm for the dynamics and show that each method provides different insight and time estimates. Further, we show that the nonlinear asymptotic method also gives an approximate solution valid in the entire domain and the correct ordering of arrival regions over large regions of parameters and initial conditions.

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