scholarly journals The Effect of Palm Kernel Shell Ash on the Mechanical and Wear Properties of White Cast Iron

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Kayode I. Fesomade ◽  
Damilola D. Alewi ◽  
Saliu O. Seidu ◽  
Sheriff O. Saka ◽  
Bonaventure I. Osuide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Rotary Furnace ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
The Matrix

This study investigates the influence of palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) on mechanical and wear properties of white cast iron (WCI) particularly its influence on its microstructure, elemental composition, hardness and wear resistance. The PKSA was characterized to determine its elemental composition, and it was found to contain high amount of silicon (Si) and iron (Fe) followed by calcium (Ca) and other trace elements. The cast iron was cast into rods of specific dimension with sand casting method using rotary furnace to re-melt cast iron scrap. The WCI rods were then cut into bits for the various test. Heat treatment operation was carried out to determine its properties. Upon completion of the examinations, it was found that the PKSA increased the cementite phase within the matrix of the cast iron, and reduced the pearlitic phase and graphite formation, which gave it increased hardness, and perfect wear resistance due to the increment in carbon content and reduction in silicon content. Also, upon heat treatment, it was found that the PKSA reduced the pearlitic phase within the matrix of the cast iron, increases the formation of transformed ledeburites, austenitic dendrites and tempered graphite, which lead to increased machinability and ductility as well as to reduced hardness, and wear resistance when compared to non-heat treated samples.

Study of the durability of the working body the dryer

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
A. P. Chernysh
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Functional Surface ◽  
Wear Coatings

In this article, the plant for heat treatment of grain material, namely perfo-rated spiral operating part, developed by the authors was chosen as the object of improving the wear resistance. The research was conducted in the laboratory of the Technology of Metals and Machinery Repair Department of Kemerovo State Agricultural Institute. The aim of the research is to select the most appropriate method of hardening the functional surface of perforated spiral operating part with the use of low-cost anti-wear coatings. The basis for choosing the method of surfacing the coating was the use of a method of forming the technological repair units (TRU), which allowed electric spark treatment with unalloyed white cast iron.

Study on the Wear Resistance of Cast-Oozing Different Content of WC

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 990-993
Author(s):  
Ai Qin Wang ◽  
Shu Li Wang ◽  
Jing Pei Xie
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Iron Layer ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Metallurgical Bonding ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Different Content

In this paper, the WC and high-Cr Cast Iron layer were obtained on the surface of ZG30Cr steel by casting-penetrating process, the organization and wear properties of penetrating layer were studied. The results show that the layer is dense, without pores, slag and other defects, the penetrating layer and substrate are metallurgical bonding. When 20 %WC and 80 % Cr-Fe with are added to permeability agent, the penetrating layer has the best wear resistance, is 11.3 times the matrix materials.

Effect of carbides on the wear resistance of white cast iron alloyed with 12.7 wt.-% Cr and nickel

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 788-792
Author(s):  
Tanju Teker ◽  
S. Osman Yilmaz ◽  
Tekirdağ Teker
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Nickel Concentration ◽  
Carbide Size ◽  
Wear Tests

Abstract White cast iron with about 12.7 wt.-% chromium was alloyed with Ni, W and Mo for heat treatment applications. Heat treatments were performed at a range of 850-1050 °C for 1 h in order to distribute M7C3 carbides homogeneously in an environment of high wear resistance. The contents of the C, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn and Si elements selected for the alloys were similar, though a 6 wt.-% nickel concentration was chosen. Microstructural changes in the specimens were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy (OM). Macro-hardness, average carbide size and volume fraction were analyzed. Wear tests were carried out under different loads of 10, 20 and 30 N. It was seen that heat treatment changed the carbide size and homogeneous distribution of the carbides. Moreover, the addition of nickel to HCrWCI increased fracture toughness and reduced the wear rate.

Study on the Microstructures and Wear Resistance of ZG30Cr Steel Surface Layer

2011 ◽  
Vol 704-705 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Shu Li Wang ◽  
Ai Qin Wang ◽  
Jing Pei Xie
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Iron Layer ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Metallurgical Bonding ◽  
The Matrix

In this paper ,the WC and high-Cr Cast Iron layer were obtained on the surface of ZG30Cr steel by casting-penetrating process, the organization and wear properties of penetrating layer were studied.The results show that the layer is dense, without pores, slag and other defects, the penetrating layer and substrate are metallurgical bonding. When 30 %WC and 70 % Cr-Fe with 100～120 mesh are added to permeability agent ,the penetrating layer has the best wear resistance, is 6.8 times the matrix materials. Keywords: The layer structure; Particle size; Wear resistance

scholarly journals Effect of Carbon Content on Heat Treatment Behavior of Multi-Alloyed White Cast Iron for Abrasive Wear Resistance

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 720-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatupon Opapaiboon ◽  
Prasonk Sricharoenchai ◽  
Sudsakorn Inthidech ◽  
Yasuhiro Matsubara
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear Resistance

Influence of Ni Content on Erosive Wear and Destabilization Heat Treatment Conditions Behavior of Multi Component White Cast Iron

2020 ◽  
Vol 998 ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Kenta Kusumoto ◽  
Kazumichi Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Erosive Wear ◽  
Wear Property ◽  
Eutectic Carbides ◽  
Secondary Carbides ◽  
Ni Content ◽  
Ni Addition

This study investigated the influence of nickel (Ni) addition on erosive wear property of multi-component white cast iron with good erosive wear resistance. Multi-component white cast irons (MWCIs) with 2 mass % of carbon (C), 5 mass % of chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), niobium (Nb) and 0, 3, 5 mass % of Ni were prepared as experimental materials. The heat treatment condition was quenching by forced air cooling after keeping the specimens at 1123K for 3.6ks. Specimens with size of 50mm×50mm×10mm were tested using a suction-type blasting machine. The test was conducted with impact angle of 30, 60 and 90 deg. at room temperature. Collision particles were irregular steel grids with average particle diameter of 770μm and hardness of 810HV1. The speed of air flow was about 100m/s while the speed of impact particles was around 20.0g/s and the total time of each experiment was 3600 sec.. According to the result, erosion rate was decreased with the increase of Ni content in all of the impact angles. Especially, MWCIs which contain 5 mass % Ni showed the most excellent erosive wear resistance. As reasons, it can be considered that with Ni addition, the volume fraction of eutectic carbides and secondary carbides was increased which enhanced the matrix structure and suppressed the surface deformation of the experimental surface. Therefore, the increasing of eutectic carbides and secondary carbides can be considered as the reason of erosive wear resistance increased.

Microstructure and Property of the New Type White Cast Iron

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Liang Zhou ◽  
Xiao Zhen Hua ◽  
Jian Yun Zhang ◽  
Yong Jin Tang ◽  
Qing Jun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Cr Content ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
New Type ◽  
Si Content ◽  
The Impact

The influences of the different Si (0.723%~4.5%) and Cr (2.0%~8.0%) contents on the microstructures and properties of Cr-Si-Mn white cast iron were investigated. It is shown that with increasing of amounts of Si and Cr elements, carbide undergoes an evident change in the morphology from the continuous net to isolated stripe and becomes clearly finer, even forms chrysanthemum-like microstructure which is usually found in high Cr white cast iron. Additionally, the amounts of the carbides increase too. The XRD analysis shows that the carbides are a mixture of Fe3C and Fe7C3 phases. Furthermore, the hardness of carbide and matrix is also found to progressively increase with increasing of amounts of Si and Cr elements. The hardness of the matrix in as-cast white cast iron is over HV400, suggesting that the matrix consists of martensite and bainite phases. The impact toughness of the samples declines evidently when Si content excesses 3.0wt%. It is also revealed that the bainite matrix in the Si-Cr white cast iron has a higher impact abrasive wear resistance than others, which is almost not dependent upon heating temperature and cooling rate. When Cr content approaches 5wt%, the impact wear resistance of the new cast iron is comparable to that of the traditional high Cr cast iron.

scholarly journals Heat Treatment in High Chromium White Cast Iron Ti Alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled M. Ibrahim ◽  
Mervat M. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
Eutectic Carbides ◽  
Secondary Carbides ◽  
Ti Addition

The influence of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of high chromium white cast iron alloyed with titanium was investigated. The austenitizing temperatures of 980°C and 1150°C for 1 hour each followed by tempering at 260°C for 2 hours have been performed and the effect of these treatments on wear resistance/impact toughness combination is reported. The microstructure of irons austenitized at 1150°C showed a fine precipitate of secondary carbides (M6C23) in a matrix of eutectic austenite and eutectic carbides (M7C3). At 980°C, the structure consisted of spheroidal martensite matrix, small amounts of fine secondary carbides, and eutectic carbides. Titanium carbides (TiC) particles with cuboidal morphology were uniformly distributed in both matrices. Irons austenitized at 980°C showed relatively higher tensile strength compared to those austenitized at 1150°C, while the latter showed higher impact toughness. For both cases, optimum tensile strength was reported for the irons alloyed with 1.31% Ti, whereas maximum impact toughness was obtained for the irons without Ti-addition. Higher wear resistance was obtained for the samples austenitized at 980°C compared to the irons treated at 1150°C. For both treatments, optimum wear resistance was obtained with 1.3% Ti.

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