scholarly journals Genetic Merit Based Genotype Selection for Physical Fruit Traits in Mango

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Barholia ◽  
Sangeeta Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Improvement Programme ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Fruit Characters

Selection indices based on their genetic merit of fruit characters were constructed for fruit yield/tree in 48 genotypes in mango (Mangifera indica L.). Genotypes, SBM 01-35, SBM 01-26, SBM 01-9, SBM 01- 10 and SBM 01-26 in on year while, SBM 01-12, SBM 01-36, SBM 01-26, SBM 01-28 and SBM 01- 9 in off year recorded highest fruit yield /tree. Genotypes SBM 01-10, SBM 01-36, SBM 01-09, SBM 01-30 and SBM 01-6 exhibited comparatively high estimates of selection indices during on year while, SBM 01-36 followed by SBM 01-12, Totapari, SBM 01-17 and SBM 01-29 showed the maximum estimates of selection index for fruit yield/ tree during off year. Alphonso followed by SBM 01-5, SBM 01-13, Langra and SBM 01-14 during on year and Dashehari, Safeda, SBM 01-3 and SBM 01-39 in off year exhibited the minimum estimates of varietal indices. Genotypes differed considerably in their ranking pattern based on selection indices. Genotypes SBM 01-9, SBM 01-10, SBM 01-30, SBM 01-6 and SBM 01-36 showed maximum varietal indices and phenotypic performance in both the years thus, appeared promising for use as parent in mango improvement programme.

Effect of sampling errors on efficiency of selection indices. 2. Use of information on associated traits for improvement of a single important trait

1976 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Sales ◽  
W. G. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Selection Index ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Estimation Of Parameters ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Important Trait ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection

SUMMARYAn analysis is undertaken of the effect of errors in estimates of parameters on the response to selection for an economically important trait (trait 1) when one or more additional traits are added in a selection index. The detailed analysis is confined to one additional trait (trait 2) which contributes useful information unless the genetic and phenotypic regressions of trait 1 on trait 2 are equal.If there are errors in parameter estimates the extra response obtained by including trait 2 will usually be over-predicted. When trait 2 actually contributes no useful information the predicted benefit equals the real loss in efficiency from its inclusion.The loss in efficiency from poor estimation of parameters, whether or not the second trait makes a contribution, is roughly one-quarter of the squared coefficient of variation of a heritability estimate of trait 1 in the same experiment.

scholarly journals Optimizing Selection for Yield Using Selection Index

Zuriat ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugiono Moeljopawiro
Keyword(s):  
Selection Index ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Diallel Crosses ◽  
Individual Trait ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Grain Width ◽  
Half Diallel

An experiment was conducted to construct selection indices for yield. F2 populations of half diallel crosses involving six cultivars were analyzed to calculate phenotypic and additive genetic variances and covariances which were used to construct selection indices. Results of the selection index indicated that selection applied to several traits simultaneously was more efficient than selection based on an individual trait or a combination of only one or two traits. However, the choice of traits to be included in a selection index should be determined by their economic value and Index involving panicle length, grain length, and grain width, was a promising index in this study. A selection index properly constituted can be used to improve the selection procedure, once homozygousity is assured.

Progress and Variability After Four Cycles of Recurrent Selection in Peanut1

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Halward ◽  
J. C. Wynne
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Selection Intensity ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Selection Procedures ◽  
Original Population ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Pod Length

Abstract Recurrent selection procedures are becoming more popular as a means of population improvement in self-pollinated crops. Four cycles of recurrent selection for yield in a broad-based peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) population have been completed. The objectives of this study were to determine (a) progress made after four cycles of recurrent selection for fruit yield and (b) if sufficient variability remained in the population to permit further improvements in yield from additional cycles of selection. The 40 highest yielding lines from 100 random-paired matings, were intercrossed to produce each successive cycle, resulting in a selection intensity of 40%. Bulked seed of the parental lines from each cycle were evaluated for yield to determine progress made after four cycles of selection. The observed variation in yield among entries was mainly due to differences among cycle means. Differences among cycle means were also detected for pod length, but not for any of the other fruit traits measured. The response to selection for yield was linear with a significant (p = 0.01) and positive regression coefficient (b = 190.7 kg ha-1). Selection based on fruit yield did not significantly change the means for any of the fruit traits measured. Significant estimates of genetic variability among entries within the cycle 4 population for yield and all fruit traits measured suggest that continued progress from additional cycles of selection should be expected in this population. Greater progress from selection may have resulted had a higher selection intensity been applied. However, estimates of genetic variability would be expected to decrease with each cycle of selection as the selection intensity increases and as the genetic base of the original population narrows. In the use of a broad-based population and a relatively low selection intensity, we chose to accept a lower rate of progress/cycle for yield in order to maintain a greater level of genetic variability within the recurrent selection population.

scholarly journals Genetic dissimilarity, selection index and correlation estimation in a melon germplasm

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Danilo A Gomes ◽  
Igor M Alves ◽  
Gabriel M Maciel ◽  
Ana Carolina S Siquieroli ◽  
Joicy Vitória M Peixoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cavity Length ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Correlation Estimation ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Genetic Dissimilarity ◽  
Selection For

ABSTRACT The success of breeding programs depends on genetic variability. Individuals selected based on a few traits may be a limitation. One alternative is the use of nonparametric indices. However, there is no information on the use of selection indices in melon germplasms. The present study aimed to estimate genetic dissimilarity in a melon germplasm and select potential parent plants for future breeding programs. The genetic material consisted of 37 melon accessions. The traits assessed were fruit diameter and length, diameter and length of the fruit cavity and total soluble solids. Genetic dissimilarity was assessed by multivariate analyses (UPGMA and Tocher). Selection gain estimates were analyzed by comparing the classic Smith-Hazel and sum of ranks indices. Genetic diversity was observed between accessions. The variable that contributed most to genetic dissimilarity was fruit cavity length. Simultaneous selection for the traits assessed based on the sum of ranks index is better suited to melon germplasm assessment. The best accessions for the five variables simultaneously were UFU07, UFU23, UFU09, UFU21, UFU28 and UFU30.

Seedling vigour as a preselection criterion for short juvenile period in olive breeding

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. De la Rosa ◽  
A. I. Kiran ◽  
D. Barranco ◽  
L. León
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
General Context ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Olive Breeding

The juvenile period represents a serious impediment in olive breeding programs. Seedlings with long juvenile period are of very low interest for the breeder because their evaluation considerably delays the first stages of the breeding process. For this reason, the influence of seedling vigour (measured as plant height or stem diameter) on the characteristics at the adult stage was studied to establish useful negative preselection criteria on the basis of that relationship. Olive progenies from crosses and open pollinations of 12 different parents carried out in 1998 and 1999 were evaluated in the greenhouse and, afterwards, during the first 3 years of bearing in the open field. The results obtained indicate that early evaluation and selection for juvenile period can be performed at the seedling stage in olive progenies on the basis of vigour measurements. Selection for short juvenile period was valid irrespective of parentage and, therefore, could be efficient in a general context. No relationship between juvenile period and yield or fruit traits was found so that this preselection criterion would have no adverse effects on these characters.

scholarly journals Yield traits as selection indices in seedling populations of cassava

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Fred Ojulong ◽  
Maryke Tine Labuschagne ◽  
Liezel Herselman ◽  
Martin Fregene
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Breeding Scheme ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Root Quality

The cassava breeding scheme currently used is long, because initial stages concentrate mainly on improving yield, with root quality selection following later. To shorten the scheme, yield and root quality should be selected simultaneously, starting at the seedling nursery. In this study, a nursery comprising of eight cassava families and 1885 seedlings developed from parents adapted to three major agro-ecologies, were evaluated for yield related traits in Colombia. Percentage dry matter content (DMC) and harvest index produced similar ranking of the parents. Tuber yield, weight, and number showed potential of increasing yield through conventional breeding. A selection index including fresh root yield, percentage DMC, root weight and roots per plant, with heavier weights being assigned to root weight and roots per plant, should be used.

Genetics and breeding of Sitka spruce

1987 ◽  
Vol 93 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Roy Faulkner
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Interspecific Hybridisation ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Improvement Programme ◽  
Important Trait ◽  
Clonal Testing ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Old Trees

SynopsisSitka spruce is a monoecious, wind-pollinated, cross-fertilising species showing wide genetic variation which suggests heterozygosity for many alleles and natural selection against self-fertilisation. Phenotypic selection for the important trait of vigour is ineffective, so testing progenies of selected individuals and clonal testing is an essential and time-consuming part of any improvement programme. Old trees can be vegetatively propagated by grafting and very young trees by rooted cuttings.The British tree improvement programme is based, in the short term, on the use of seed collected from superior plantation trees of desirable origins; in the mid term on seed derived from clonal orchards based on mixtures of clones previously tested for superiority in family tests; and in the longer term on highly superior seed or clones derived from a system of recurrent mating with family selection. Three populations are being developed. There is a small interspecific hybridisation programme.

Selection for improved carcass composition in Suffolk Sheep : Interim Results

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
G Simm ◽  
W S Dingwall ◽  
S V Murphy ◽  
J FitzSimons ◽  
W R Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Breed Selection ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Suffolk Sheep

It is likely that returns from lamb production in future will depend, much more than at present, on producing leaner carcasses. There are several short-term changes in management which could produce leaner carcasses. However, In the longer term genetic Improvement, particularly by within-breed selection In terminal sire breeds, is likely to provide permanent, cumulative and cost-effective benefits In carcass composition. In the early 1980s a research project was started at the Edinburgh School of Agriculture, using Suffolk sheep, to examine the genetic potential for Improving carcass composition In terminal sires. The work commenced with an evaluation of techniques for in vivo measurement of carcass composition (Simm, 1987) and derivation of selection indices to incorporate In vivo measurements (Simm and Dingwall, 1989). Since 1985 In vivo measurement and Index selection have been practised In the experimental flock, which now numbers about 220 ewes. This paper reports the interim results of selection.

Physiological responses to selection for carcass lean content in a terminal sire breed of sheep

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 25-25
Author(s):  
N.D. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed

Sheep breeding programmes for genetic improvement in carcass composition of terminal sires measure livewelght and ultrasonic backfat and muscle depths for inclusion in a selection index to predict genetic merit. Physiological traits which were genetically correlated with carcass traits could be incorporated into the selection index to increase the accuracy of selection and the rate of genetic improvement.This study examined differences in physiological traits between lines selected for high or low carcass lean content. The measured physiological traits were chosen according to their role in protein and lipid metabolism : b-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and glucose (GLUC) : indicators of energy balance; triglyceride (TRIG) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) : intermediaries of lipid metabolism; UREA and creatinine (CREA) : indicators of nitrogen / amino acid metabolism and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1): an Indicator of growth hormone status.

scholarly journals COMBINING ABILITY OF FORAGE WATERMELON ( Citrullus lanatus var. citroides ) GERMPLASM

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 768-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERTA MACHADO SANTOS ◽  
NATONIEL FRANKLIN DE MELO ◽  
MARIA ALDETE JUSTINIANO DA FONSECA ◽  
MÁRIO ADRIANO ÁVILA QUEIROZ
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Ethereal Extract ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Number Of Seeds

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify parents and promising hybrid combinations for the improvement of forage watermelon. Five parents were evaluated: BGCIA 996 (1), BGCIA 997 (2), BGCIA 998 (3), BGCIA 228 (4), Jojoba (5) and ten F1 hybrids, which were obtained from balanced diallel crosses. The experimental design was in a complete randomized block, with three replications. The morphoagronomic and bromatological traits were evaluated. The highlights were the progenitors BGCIA 997, BGCIA 998, BGCIA 228 and Jojoba for protein content, fruit yield, in vitro digestibility of dry matter and number of seeds, respectively. The hybrid 1x4 stood out for fruit length, seed number, and ethereal extract. The hybrid 2x3 stood out for rind and pulp thickness while the hybrids 3x4, 3x5 and 4x5 had exceptional digestibility, protein content and fruit yield, respectively. The analysis of the standard deviation of the SCA estimates of both SD (Sij- Sik) and SD (Sij- Skl) indicated that no hybrids were found that had SCA estimates twice that of SD (Sij- Sik) or SD (Sij- Skl), except for the hybrid 1x4 for the number of seeds per fruit. These results suggest that the parents were more promising than the hybrids. Similarly, the GCA estimates favor the intrapopulation method, which will promote greater efficiency in selection for genetic gains.

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